Journal of Education for Humanities

The issue of modernity in poetry has become a preoccupation in Arab cultural life, not only in recent times, but since the pioneers of true renewal appeared in Arab poetry, during the Abbasid era with a group of renewal poets, such as Al-Mutanabi, Abu Tammam and Abu Nawas, and the product of this modernity was diverse. In the form of the Arabic poem that left the area of the vertical poem, to the area of the tambourine poem, and from there to the prose poem, which has been the subject of great critical debate. The memory poem is one of the plastic poetic variations that the Arab poet, ancient and modern, played with a difference, perhaps, in the great intentionality that is present in the contemporary poem as - that is, memory - an important formal and thematic basis. This intentionality is contingent on the mechanisms of poetic writing and then criticism, which undoubtedly established the importance of this textual foundation, and perhaps one of its most important employment implications is that it is the bridge The link between a past reality lived or witnessed by the creative self and the text in its immediate time.
From this point of view came our study of the poetic collection (and has it) of the poet Omar Al-Saray, in which poetic memory operates with a clear aesthetic energy, in a way that constitutes a reading theme pulsating with connotations and visions.
Keywords: mnemonic poem - poetry - memory - autobiography

Our research entitled (Rhetorical Miracles of Scientific References in Surat An-Nisa ') is one of the important researches that adopted the methodology of interlocking between the two sides of the rhetorical miracle and the scientific miracle as they both serve the Qur’anic text and together reveal the scientific meanings inherent in it. The research showed the importance of rhetorical art in expressing the scientific issue, and the importance of arts and rhetorical methods in revealing the secrets of scientific facts contained in the Qur’an text.
The research was based on a number of scientific references in Surat al-Nisa ', including the creation of man and modern techniques in biology, such as biological cloning, genetics, skin and fingerprinting, as well as on various engineering signs. Then the research recommended revitalizing the research methodology between the two sides of scientific miracle and rhetorical miracle, and revealing the secrets of the various scientific references appearing in the Noble Qur’an by various artistic methods. They once come as a metaphor and once come as an analogy and so on. what is the secret behind this diversity in these scientific references mixed with these different rhetorical arts? .. And it is the question that researches seek to answer.

We conclude from the foregoing that the dominance of the heritage text over the models under study of the poet Ahmed Dahbour was characterized by effectiveness, because the poet, in his attempt to draw inspiration from the inherited texts, imparts a lot of depth and awareness that are considered an inevitable summary of the outputs of the inherited text, with the wisdom accumulated by experience and practice, as well as Noted that the style of inspiration was not without movement; Because the poet did not intend to employ rigid, in most cases, but was modified, transformed and sometimes inverted the significance of the inherited text in proportion to the new event.
Dahbour's use of the heritage text diversified; Sometimes we see him employing the traditional text in partial symbolic employment, not extending over the entire area of the poem, but rather glowing in some places and fading in other places, while he draws inspiration from the inherited text in a more broad and comprehensive manner at other times, as we saw in the poem (Return to Karbala), which leaned Entirely on the heritage reference, starting with the title, and extending to the entire text, whose scenes and images emanated from the historical scene, the new event in its dialogue and interaction with the old event.
Unlike other inherited texts, the mythical tradition was not exhorted with clear interest in Dahbour's poetry, and this may be due to Dahbour's adherence to the popular class, his tendency to address it and approach its conscience, and to move away from what might be constricted to its understanding or interpretation.

Through an analytical/psycholoanalytic narrative reading , the research aims to know this personality divided into completely different behaviors from the personality in reality through poems that are motivated in their composition and are not organized in the intellectual hierarchy. It may appear as a group in appearances inconsistent with each other and to define the features of poetry in order to open up to broad horizons and capable of self- realization, taking into consideration whether these influences (individual values, force majeure, lost prestige) to form images of the characters who live a hypothetical reality and seeks to achieve, and this will appear by reading the text of the poet Imru Al- Qais and Tarafa Ibn Al- Abid.

The poetic texts revel to us the tendencies of the writer to focus on (time-place) and the transformations of one of them relative to the evidence of the other and distinguish their and intentions, and distinguish their main connotations and their intentions from actions that achieve and accomplish communication through the space of this concept (time-place) that helps to perceive the situations and perceptions that the poetic texts summarize. The poetic text also combine non-fiction and absurd literature and their methods to produce the possibilities of coding.

This research, tagged with "Witness from the fall of the nahulate suppines", is concerned with monitoring images of terms that have been absent from the scene of terminology in its various forms. This may be done by replacing it with another, or it may not be compensated for by another term, which means that the research will only be concerned with the study of the most invaluable grammatical terms; This research may be a procedural step for the behavior of two terms that have already occurred, and it is not the stage of the evolution of my term, but there are reasons that led to this fall, and the research has advanced forward, followed by a preface to twenty-three scenes, and a conclusion, proved to the references and sources on which the research was based. .

The research aims to study and observe the concept of similarity as a branch of narrative semiotics and the research chose a procedural simple that was subject to the process of analysis and application, which is the collection of stories that carried the title of Telepathy, for the Iraqi storywriter called Haitham Behnam Burda.
The research included a bilateral action plan that consisted of two main parts. The first is the theoretical approach, which dealt with tracing the concept of similarity in terms of the linguistic meaning in the Arabic dictionary first, passing through the Latin dictionary and ending with the linguistic concept of the term.
Then the research touched on defining the meaning of the semiotic similarity as a control criterion for the intangible units and the similar, harmonious and synonymous elements in the text.
As for the second part, it was devoted to study of the narrative procedural sample shown here and consisting of four stories(Telepathy/Epic/Last Picture/Faraways)

The twentieth century witnessed the development and renewal of poetry movement, which corresponds to the rapid change movement that shook the world during this century. Although long poems have an artistic impact on their reader, the reader is now looking for short words that meet the purpose. Ourselves in front of a new poetic form, which is the poem with a small number of verses, it is a product of this era and built with the fewest number of vocabulary, it has one central idea, and multi-directional interpretations, thus producing a poem that has its own formation, images, language and internal and external rhythms of its own.
With the emergence and spread of the short Arabic poem, this style of writing began to spread, so we found poets writing entire collections of poetry that fell under this pattern, until it became a literary genre on its own, with features and standards that we can rely on within the texts, thus representing a phenomenon calling for study and investigation.
That is why the research tries to find a clear meaning of the flash, with an examination of the terms that are similar to it, including (epigram, prose poem, very short story, Japanese haiku, and signatures), and the flash poem may be called (the concentrated poem, the glimpse poem, the snapshot poem, The paradox poem), and we will know why the flash was called by those names, by shedding light on its features and characteristics below.

Textual cohesion has been discussed by many linguists over the ages, with their different orientations and specializations in studying and inspecting multiple texts, whether poetry or prose. Its essence and foundations were crystallized in the last quarter of the last century by Halliday and Ruqayya Hassan, and textual cohesion is the most important characteristic of the linguistic text. Text linguists stipulated that it be present in every text and made it the most important criteria through which we can judge the text and distinguish it from the language, as it represents the main focus of textual analysis.
Among the texts that are characterized by textual coherence, after the Noble Qur’an and the noble Prophet’s hadith, are the sayings of the infallible from the Imams of the Prophet’s family, peace be upon them, which contained much knowledge and scientific issues in various fields, especially the rhetorical issues that fit the aspirations of scholars within the mechanisms of scientific research and modern theories in textual linguistics.
The research seeks to disclose the manifestations of coherence and cohesion in the sayings of Imam Ali al-Hadi, peace be upon him, observing the textual structures and extracting the most important mechanisms that can be employed in the formation and coherence of the text. On the other hand, the research attempted to apply the findings of textual linguistics in describing the tools of linking these sayings and demonstrating their consistency with the linguistic and textual theories that can enrich modern linguistic studies.

This paper answers the question, "Where does Al-Buhtari's poetics lie?" What are the reasons that led critics to present him to Abu Tammam and Al-Mutanabi, and to describe him as a poet from among them? It also seeks to show the hidden side of his poetics by focusing on his poetic creativity in what is new and different from others.
The nature of the research required that it be in two topics preceded by a preface and ended with a conclusion with the most prominent findings of the research, the introduction dealt with: the concept of poetry, the opinion of Abu Ala in describing him as a poet from among them, and the place of the three poets in the criterion of Arab criticism, and the first topic: it embraced the most important opinions That was said in the poetics of Abu Tammam and Al-Mutanabi, while the second topic is devoted to explaining Al-Buhtari's poetics and the most important reasons that made critics praise his poetics and prefer him to other poets.
After presenting the opinions of the critics, it became clear: that Al-Buhtri was a moderate poet who combines the ancient and the modern, and he had a wide imagination, his poetry was beautifully articulated with clear meaning, easy to articulate in terms of music and poetic style, accurate in description and photography, and that his poetry came away from complexity and exaggeration. His metaphors are close, and he was not fond of logic and philosophy like Abu Tammam. The powerful, poetic and successful employment of Badiqat:
Such as repetition, deficiency in the chest, division, alliteration and contradiction, and everything that serves his music and strengthens it, for these and other reasons, Al-Buhtri won the admiration of critics and scholars, and his progress over its authors, wishing that this study would be a new addition to the studies held on the poetry of the three poets, especially Al-Buhtry.

The research aims to identify the two factors of time and place in the novel by lutfia al-Dulaimi The woman of Saturn by identifying the technique used and its function shedding light on the factor of time in the novel , especially since the prominent technology in this factor is retrieval.
As for the place factor , the spatial diversity was manifested in order to embody the existing contradiction in the human reality ,We have reached a number of results , the most prominent which are :
- The author employed retrieval technique in order to depict many important stages of the history of Iraq.
- Sheds light on human suffering , especially Iraqi women under war.
- The diversity of the places in the novel into the two opposites couple such as harmony and non-harmony places .

This research is concerned with the views that Ibn Malik attributed to Sibawayh in his book (Explaining Facilitating Benefits); that these opinions are contained in issues and these issues we will verify by referring to Sibawayh's book to make sure of the validity of his attribution of opinions, and this will lead us to be detailed in the issues we select, because the issues are many As it reached (fifty-six and three hundred), and this study falls within the grammatical investigations of Arabic scholars.

The research tried to identify the poetry of the title in the group of times of departure for the expatriate Iraqi storyteller and creator Ali bin Muhammad al-Qasimi, as the storyteller excelled in choosing the titles of his stories starting with the main title through the subtitles and ending with the last story. In the depths of the storyteller about the Arab concern in general and the Iraqi concern and the death that pursues his children from all sides in particular, the main title of the group ((Time to Leave)) suggests its generality and its coverage of all parts of the story in one way or another with all its meanings and connotations. The title is in the body of all stories, and the concept of the title is not determined for all the stories within the story group except by linking them to the general context of the body. This reveals the semantic value of the sub-headings in particular and the headline in general. Which indicates the stability and permanence of this type of headline and indicates the psychological stability of the storyteller, especially as he embodied his personal and psychological experiences into a group of stories, and Likewise, individual titles, compared to complex titles, dominated the address space within the group. Eleven stories have a single identifiable title (will, pile, pigeon, hour, call, rescue, boat, deer, thirst, fear, the end) and five stories bearing a compound title (The Night of the Death My grandfather, the island of grace, the unknown comer, the dog Lieber dies, the ghost city) indicates the style of intensification that the storyteller tends to and the semantic peculiarity inherent in it and its openness within the atmosphere of the narrative text with the appropriate and multiple meanings and connotations produced by the titles.

The novel remains an imagined material that derives its narrative flow from reality, and the world of the novel in (Blood Shores, Salt Beaches) takes place in the eighties of the last century, when the (Iraqi-Iranian) war and its language oscillates between love and war.
‏The study included this narration in fifth chapters and a conclusion preceded by an entry in which we explained the title, the fact that the narrative body is the primary material of literature, from which its narrative structure is derived. The second came about (dialogue dispute.
‏Which represents the search for truth in the general direction of the world of the novel, when the writer searches for the language of life away from the language of death and destruction by adding the story to another in which he contemplates life, while the third topic was on (language shifting and forming meaning By means of which the writer expresses his intense poetic treasure that symbolizes goals in his foolish world, while the fourth study deals when the imagination is called to displace reality and replace it with an illusion, to remove its romantic repressions and emotional overflows. About (suddenness of the event and merging the ending at the beginning).
‏And that is through the dramatic scenes of the labyrinth of narration, through a transient event that is thrown into the arms of the text with which to reinforce the basic scenes, and in the fifth and final topic it was about (alienation and fragmentation of the self) which is when the element of citizenship becomes non-existent as well as ignoring the affiliate incubator of the parish, then the dissonance between the individual and his identity is born Patriotism thus lives in a pessimistic isolation, in addition to the conclusion in which we provided the most important findings of the research, and then the list of sources and references.

Taking into consideration that the pronoun returns into something is not mentioned in the context to clarify the pragmatic dimension describing it as linguistic factor perform a pragmatic function in the conversation process.
This study proves the impact of the indication of the context of situation in the prophetic Hadith in determining the pronoun. This took into account by Al-Aa,inee as a means of uncovering the pragmatic function of pronouns, which is clarified by the context of situation which explains the pronouns, indication and its pragmatic function.

The phenomenon of (blockage) in the Arabic language is many and spread under different expressions that serve the same purpose or simple change, some of which are known and known frequently used, and some of them are few in grammatical books, such as: dispensing, prosecution, deletion, compensation, and standing, A location, a position, and others occurred, taking into account the precise linguistic and idiomatic differences between these linguistic phenomena, so that some scholars are almost confused by them, and we focused in our research on the term (dam dam). Because it is one of the most frequent expressions on the tongues of students and professors of knowledge, and we chose (the case) and blocked the news in different places to be the subject of our study in this regard.

The Research Title: The overworking of the headmasters’(intermediate and secondary) by their viewpoints in Kirkuk governorate. The research aims to: Identify the overworking which faced the headmasters by their viewpoints in Kirkuk governorate. The researcher used the descriptive method which is compatible with the nature of the current study. The research sample is being taken from (36) different group of headmasters in Kirkuk city. The researcher uses the questionnaire as a means for the study and it consists of (71) fields which is divided on (5)fields. The researcher uses the statistical methods(the percentage، the mathematical average، the proportional weight). The researcher concludes that: the headmasters are being faced more levels than the usual overworking which is about (%54.38).The fifth field comes at the first class: the overworking is resulted from the physical working environment by the proportional weight (%67.29) while the fourth field has (%44.92) of the proportional weight which comes in the last class. he researcher recommends: Providing a suitable healthy environment, legislation a law which protect the headmasters, The ministry of education should enact laws which support the headmasters morally.

The aim of the research is to identify the level of organizational justice among preparatory schools principals and the research sample consisted of (300) teachers and schools, and to achieve the objectives of the research and answer its questions, a tool was built to measure the level of organizational justice and it was finalized consisting of (48) paragraphs, five alternatives (always, often (Sometimes, rarely, never) divided into four domains, and the validity and reliability of the tool was verified.
After applying the research tool, collecting data and analyzing it statistically, the results showed that the level of organizational justice in the research sample was good, and that there were statistically significant differences in the average organizational justice due to the gender variable and in favor of females, and the absence of statistically significant differences attributed to the variable of service period, and in light of Results The two researchers came out with a number of conclusions, recommendations and proposals.

Every nation is distinguished by its own culture and natures that belong to it and has its own distinction and characteristics over other cultures, and it is known that education is part of the culture that acquires its strength through its fixed values and principles and inviting its children to highlight its identity, pride in it and stick to its constants.
And not to dissolve into other cultures and ideas so that they are long-rooted and authentic in history, and the Iraqi culture is an authentic culture that has been affected by some extraneous ideas, customs and natures that have tried to erase their features and change them among some of them.
Because of the crises and difficult circumstances that Iraq has witnessed during which its people have taken the bitterness of wars and sieges, and were exposed to intellectual and cultural challenges that were reflected in its reality and the course of correct Iraqi education in it, so it was imperative to preserve these values.

The research aimed to identify the level of metacognitive thinking and moral judgment, and the relationship between them among the middle school students of the sample as a whole. And identifying the nature of the difference in metacognitive thinking and moral judgment among middle school students according to the gender variables (males, females), specialization (scientific, literary).
In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the two researchers used the meta-cognitive thinking scale, which was developed by Schraw and Dennison (1994), and the Moral Judgments Scale from Abdelfattah's meta numbers (2001).
The two researchers conducted the study on a sample of (412) male and female students in the tenth and eleventh grades in governmental day schools - males and females in the city center of Erbil. After analyzing the answers statistically, the results showed that the research sample of middle school students had a high level of thinking beyond Cognitive, and intermediate level of moral judgment. There is also a statistically significant difference between the mean scores for males and the average scores for females in the level of metacognitive thinking and moral judgment in favor of females. The results also showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the average degrees of the scientific specialization and the average degrees of the human specialization in the level of metacognitive thinking, and in favor of the scientific specialization. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the average degrees of scientific specialization and the average degrees of human specialization in the level of moral judgments. There is a positive and positive correlation between metacognitive thinking and moral judgments in the study sample.

This study aims to identify the level of self- concept among Kurdish children in primary school, and whether that level varies according to variables of age and gender.
The study sample, consisted of 180 male and female children in basic education, from ages between 6 to 9 years.
For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the study, the researchers formulated a suitable instrument for the study sample. So, the researchers used a tool to measure the evaluation of self- concept in children aged 6, 7, 8 and 9 years. It was on the theory of Carl Rogers and some measure self- concept that include: physical-self dimension, mental- self dimension, social-self dimension and emotional-self dimension. The tools consisted of 48 paragraphs, with pictures.
The current study followed a descriptive approach, then using the appropriate statistical methods.
In addition, the result of the study showed that the self-concept level among the sample subjects was high among the scale as a whole. Also, there is no statistically significant differences between the average of the age of children 6, 7, 8 and 9 years in self-concept, and male, female. Based on the result, the researcher recommends some suggestions.

The research aims at finding out the level of frustration among the students of Islamic high schools. To achieve the aim of this research the descriptive methodology was employed. The research covers the Islamic high schools within the territorial of Diyala governorate during the academic year 2017-2018 . The research community included( 20) schools and the total students were (556), while the samples totaling were (297). A 14- item frustration measure was built. This measure has been presented to a group of experts in education and psychology to make sure of its face validity as well as the construct validity. Reliability was achieved through two ways, the first was the re-testing and has average ( 0.83), while the second way was through adopting Cronbach’s Alpha and has averaged (0.76) . For research data processing, the following statistical tools were employed: ( Person Correlation, Cronbach’s Alpha, Independent Samples T test, One sample T test, and Chi- Square). The results showed that the arithmetic mean of the respondent rates on the measure had reached(38.51) with a standard deviation of (4.61) more than the Hypothesized mean which is (35). By using the T- test to find out the differences between the two means, this showed that the T- value was ( 0.05) with a degree of freedom of (296), and this indicates that the respondents have frustration. In view of the results of the research, I presented some recommendations and suggestions included in chapter four.

The trip represents a knowledge reference. Critics differed in determining its scientific degree between those who ranked it second after the sources by virtue of their self-worth, and others that recognized it as preceding as it touches on aspects that are neglected by the documents. Nevertheless, you will not find a difference between them in the value of the trip literature in our Arab and Islamic heritage, when It abounds in benefits, and its containment from a mysterious journey differs from one type to another. What is included in the mysterious journey differs from the scientific journey and other form of journey, to form in the end a heritage that demands our care and analysis, which is what we tried to apply in this research, concerning Khader Hussein’s trip to Algeria, in order to explore what grasped Khader's attention, and what intrigued him from the efforts of Algerian scholars.

The Amorite era represents a radical turning point in the history of Iraq that covered all its civilizational, political and demographic aspects , including relations between kingdoms and to ensure loyalties, they resorted to treaties that varied according to the kingdom's power or followed it to another , as each type had its own style and rituals. Our research examined the relationships in this era and the basic concepts. The relations between the kingdoms were characterized by contradictions and ranged between hostility and friendship according to common interests and the dangers facing the kingdom , and the king's personality is the main axis for establishing the treaty that frames religion to add legitimacy to it.
Our research dealt with the name and homeland of the Amorites and the political relations between the kingdoms of the Amorites to show the concepts leading to the unification of the country at the hands of Hammurabi .
We have come to highlight the historical roots that were the basis for establishing treaties, and they undoubtedly represent the traditions of the tribe ruled by the sheikh who later became the king .

The weakness that affected the joints of the Ottoman Empire, as well as the economic and human capabilities and resources that this empire enjoyed, made it the focus of attention of many countries with economic capabilities, especially those countries that entered the stage of the industrial revolution and which had a surplus in production and sought to obtain resources France has priority in the markets for its products .
The research deals with the development of the French financial system and the attempts of the French capital to search for foreign investments through active participation in lending to the Ottoman Empire by banks, in which the French had the lion's share. The research also deals with French industrial projects in the Ottoman Empire as well as French trade with them.

The city of Mosul is one of the historical cities that contributed an effective and influential role in the movement of political, cultural and economic history As it had a privileged position and location and contact with various regions and throughout the historical ages. Among the important aspects that reflect the historical importance of this city is its standing in the face of the foreign invasions that Iraq has been subjected to throughout the various historical eras, as well as its standing against the internal domination of the Abbasid Caliphate and the support of the Caliphs in working to restore their influence, as happened during the military domination of the Turkish soldiers in Baghdad over the caliphate, And standing in the face of the domination of foreign powers over Iraq and the acquisition of influence during the Abbasid era, such as the Buyids and the Seljuks. This research sheds light on the position of Mosul on the last of these invasions - as far as the Islamic era is concerned - which is the Mongol invasion that targeted the Islamic cities one after the other, starting from the Islamic East after the fall of the Khwarizmeya Emirate, and just as the Islamic cities that were subjected to this invasion had their position, so did Mosul Its position on this invasion, which targeted the entire Islamic world in general, and Baghdad, the capital of the Islamic caliphate, in particular. The research was divided into several axes. The first axis dealt with the position of Mosul before the Mongol invasion, the second axis was the relationship of Mosul to the Abbasid Caliphate, and the last axis was the king al-Saleh and the Mongols, the occupation of Mosul and the revolt of its people.

Research (algorithmic modeling of crop production in the area of Isaac using geographic information systems (GIS and remote sensing (RS)), a qualitative development in the field of cartographic studies, and after the prevalence of modern techniques in the field of automatic drawing and self-organizing techniques, Arc GIS 10.4.1 depends on The automatic analysis method, and that (SOM) maps, depend on mathematical algorithms that enable data analysis and processing to arrive at accurate automatic mapping, which are cartographic maps, which have the ability, speed and perceptual strength of the reader and the user, and the study has concluded, the possibility of study, the possibility of data from the field study The image, and the third of which are maps and drawings, and an engineering position, and his deputy, his deputy, and his deputy (101,000) tons. As she recommends, cartographers should use more than one symbol in the large cartographic modeling process, which is an electronic way, to pass, in order to select the best and most understandable Aware by the map reader, reliance depends on the scientific and mathematical cartographic foundations in the representation of reading large letters because they are more accurate and better in modeling geographical addresses .

Popular costumes are a source of inspiration, innovation, expressive features, and richness in the meanings, symbols, and styles that Iraqi people have used in their traditional attire. This study is concerned with the possibility of creating contemporary artworks by harnessing the decorations to make artistic works by using the structural and aesthetic characteristics in those costumes and using them to give expressive, composition and color connotations in contemporary artifacts.

The research aimed to identify the nature of the relationship between language and authority in society, since language is the basic element that works either to maintain the unity and cohesion of society by performing its role as a tool that links between generations and reveals the society’s customs and cultural levels, or leads to its collapse due to a problematic In linguistic communication within society as the main pillar in the process of communication and interaction, and to treat the paths and implications of the study, we used the descriptive and analytical approach to clarify this.
Therefore, this research is an attempt to arrive at an accurate description of the relationship between language and power within society, as well as addressing a fundamental point in the analysis centered on the problem of linguistic communication in society, which was an inevitable result of the negative effects of the phenomenon of dependency on social structures as a result of openness and Excessive exposure to other cultures and languages without limits or controls, and the researcher reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that social life has undergone great changes in the past decade that led to some extent to change the nature of power relations and then the language at the local and global levels to a degree greater than what was the case. In the past, in addition to the fact that the Internet is a major new medium that led to the emergence of new forms of language communication.

The research is summarized by revealing the influential relationship between temperatures and precipitation on one side and the quantities of production for wheat and barley crops in Nineveh Governorate on the other hand. Thus, the causes of fluctuations in production quantities between agricultural seasons can be explained within the time period extending from the agricultural season (2004-2005) to the season (2013-2014) in the study area.
The climate of the study area was studied through the data of several climatic stations, and it was found that its components (temperature, rainfall) have a significant impact on the productivity of wheat and barley crops in a different way from one region to another within the governorate.
The temperature affected the length of the growing period and the type of crop. The temperature prevailing in the growing season was closer to the preferred temperature during the growth period of the two crops. The rates of rainfall affected the production quantities in a different way because most of the farmers in the study area depend on rain-fed agriculture or dry agriculture, and thus the difference in the rates of rainfall from one region to another, which led to fluctuations in the quantities of production, in addition to that there is irrigation agriculture for the wheat and barley crops, but in a small way compared with the rain-fed agriculture, this is because the study area is located within the semi-guaranteed rain areas according to the rain distribution map in Iraq. On the other hand, the study area is characterized by flat topography, in which there are no rugged lands, and most of its lands are plain (with little slope), which facilitated the use of agricultural machinery and equipment during the cultivation and harvest periods.

This study was conducted on 36 Awassi ewes at different ages (2,3 and 4 years) together with their single lambs and damping at sheep farm / Mosul Technical Institute. Ewes were equally divided into four groups ,age of dam was considered ,and fed on four rations containing different levels of bentonite(0,1,2 and 3% respectively) after parturition for 12 weeks (weaning time) to study the effect of bentonite level on lambs growth .
The results also revealed that all factors studied (level of bentonite, age of dam and sex of lambs) and significant (p>0.05) effect on weekly lamb weights ,mean weekly gain and total gain .level of bentonait had no effect on the digestibility of the different and the total nutrient

Through this text, which I claim is accurate, conscious and simplified, I tried to shed light on critical thought and critical language to clarify the contents, visions and ideas of the writer ''Muhammad Saber Abaid'' through reading his critical works and his books, which are close to eight books, in which the critic addressed the topic of the body and its rhythm. The research focused on the writer’s vision and his attitude on the ideological Western philosophical thought, and from the Arab romantic narrative imaginative, and the research revealed the most important contents of the aesthetic and creative values of the critical line taken by the critic Muhammad Saber Abaid and his critical language and the extent of touching the form of confronting the threads of the critical game and what the critic wanted to reach Of visions, thought, significance, and depth to achieve monetary effectiveness, and try to read that as is available and possible.
The subject of the rhythm of the body is a thorny, important and delicate topic, which took a broad aspect of Muhammad Saber's critical books, and through my studies I tried to navigate these contents, titles and rhythms of visual and semantic hearing.

This is a semantic study dealing with the merits of women in Heaven as mentioned in the Glorious Quran. The study focuses on the rhetoric phase behind using such merits in different vocabulary and expressions ranging from similes to metaphors. The study looks for the secret behind this diversity in use which enables such vocabulary and expressions to perform their purposes adequately. This requires the study to reach for their entomology and focus on the context in which they are used. This has led to the conclusion that they are used accurately according to the meaning required in each context.