Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

The trichomes and chemical composition of three species of the genus Salvia wild-grown (Salvia lanigera, Salvia spinosa) and cultured (Salvia officinalis) were studied in the Anbar governate, the chemical components of the stem and leaves were studied by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC-MS), in addition to studying the trichomes of the epidermis in the stem and leaves (upper and lower epidermis) by Light microscope. Important differences appeared to us in the chemical study, where it was found that some compounds were found in species without others, which gives them taxonomic importance, also, the trichomes were important in distinguishing the studied species, the species S. spinosa was distinguished by the presence of glandular trichome with funnel form head on the lower epidermis of the leaves and absence non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate flagellated trichomes. S. officinalis was distinguished by the density of non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate –flagellated trichomes, while S. lanigera was distinguished by non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate –branched trichomes, addition to the presence non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate – straight, curved and glandular trichome with globular head in all studied species.

Enterococcus is cocci shaped, gram positive, oxidase and catalase negative, facultatively anaerobic, and does not produce spores. It is one of the principal genera that belong to the group of ‘lactic acid bacteria’ (LAB), which also includes Streptococcus and Lactobacillus. The study aimed to detect Enterococcus spp. bacteria using molecular diagnostics .Twenty-one isolates (21%) from 100 samples belonging to Enterococcus spp. were obtained. Three isolates belonging to (two) Enterococcus avium (9.52%) one of them isolated from Kaymak and the other from yoghurt, the other one was (one) Enterococcus casseliflavus (4.76%) which isolated from Ricotta (Made by buffalo milk). After diagnosing by Vitek-2 system of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria and detecting its biofilm formation by ‘Congo Red Agar’ method with antibiotic test, the effect of the Enterococcus avium and Enterococcus casseliflavus (supernatants and pellets) on its biofilm formation was tested. Moreover, when compare; to the control group, the effect was highly ‘significant’ (p.0.0069).

The present study is concerned with the Chaetogaster limnaei retrieved from the freshwater snail Physa acuta collected from (March-October 2021) from various locations near Chama-dubz village on the Greater Zab River, Erbil province, Iraq. Some Physicochemical variables, like water temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, and Calcium ion experiment on a freshwater snail. The result showed statistically significant differences among Monthly variations with variables (number of snails, water temperature, pH and DO, and Calcium ion). In addition, isolated the Chaetogaster limnaei from Physa acuta with a prevalence was 5.75% (33/574), which has no dorsal and ventral chaeta approximately 14 to 20 per bundle, lack in segments 3 to 5, and chaetae and a vestige of a prostomium with sharply bent teeth. The identified morphologically and molecularly confirmed by using a COI sequence marker confirmed a 100% match to species with accession number (KF952336.1). As a result, the current study is the first report of Chaetogaster limnaei in Iraq, supported by phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony Methods.

For the analysis of trimethoprim medication in its pure form and pharmaceutical formulations, precise and accurate microextraction techniques with UV-Vis measurement have been developed and confirmed. In this study, LLE and DLLME procedures were utilized for the separation, pre-concentration, and evaluation of trimethoprim in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations by UV-Vis spectroscopy at 390 nm. The method was validated and applied to the evaluation of trimethoprim in pharmaceutical formulations. Several experimental factors containing the type of dispersive and extraction solvents and their volumes, pH, temperature, and centrifuging time were carried out. Under the ideal conditions, the procedures were linear in the range of 2–45 and 1-10 mg/L, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9961 and 0.9992 for LLE and DLLME, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.52 and 0.21 mg/L. Recovery of the target analyte in pharmaceutical formulations was 99.3%-104.9

This study was carried out by partial purification of prolidase from blood serum patients with preeclampsia by ion exchange The degree of purification enzyme (1. 85) fold, enzyme yield (8.82) and specific activity is (8.88) IU/mg .The kinetic studies of partially purified The enzyme technology demonstrated the optimal substrate concentration which was (97) mmol/L and Vmax (71.42 )(U/L),km(1.25) while optimal The optimum temperature was (37°C) and pH (9.2). molecular The weight of the partially purified enzyme was determined by a gel Electrophoresis method, in the presence of polyacrylamide gel and sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS_PAGE) which showed that the approximate. The molecular weight was (54KD). We found a high level of Erythropoietin hormone in Pre-eclampsia patients which was a significant (P≤0.01) increase, (438.47 ) when she was in Control (251.70 ), the value of antidiuretic hormone in the patient was a significant (P≤0.05) increase (7.343) while in Control decrease value (2.155), the value of the ALD hormone in the patient was a significant decrease (P≤0.05) (288.7) and control was (143.6), Nitric Oxide in the patient was a significant (P≤0.05) (30.0) and control was increase (44.2) and vitamin D in the patient was a significant decrease (P≤0.05) (11.04) and control was(15.78) We conclude from the above results that there are some variables that rise with preeclampsia, such as the hormone ADH and the hormone EPO, but other variables such as ALD, vitamin D3 and nitric oxide decrease with increased pregnancy pressure, that is, with preeclampsia, in addition to that the main objective of the research is to purify the prolidease enzyme in the serum of women with preeclampsia and to know the duration of its effect This enzyme on pregnant women and linked it in another study with materials to find a new treatment

The Avanah Formation (Middle Eocene) was studied in the Haibat sultan section at Bina Bawi Anticline, Northeast of Erbil city within the Iraqi Kurdistan region. The field observation indicated that the formation occurs as Carbonate interbeds within the lower and middle parts of the Gercus Formation, which consists mainly of light yellowish to creamy color, well-bedded, marly, and dolomitic limestone with some intercalations of sandstones and marls reaching about 32 m thick characterized by lateral variations in facies and thicknesses. A petrographic study of 16 thin slices of carbonate rocks indicated that most of the matrix is composed of micrite, with a few microspars. Foraminifers, dasycladacean green alge, and Ostracods make up the skeleton grains. Non-skeletal grains mainly include peloids, intraclasts, and extraclasts. Depending on detailed microfacies analysis in the current study, five main microfacies and fourteen submicrofacies were discovered. The total of all petrographic, facies and textural investigations indicates that the Avanah Formation in the Haibat Sultan area was deposited in the shallow marine inner platform within subtidal, intertidal, and supratidal environments.

To interpret the provenance 0f Injana Formation, 20 sandstone samples of Injana Formation were collected from Zawita and Dekala areas north Iraq (10 for each sections ), then thin section have been done sildes. The petrographic study showed that the sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rock fragments, quartz (monopolycrystalline) and feldspars (microcline, orthoclase and plagioclase) make up the main grain components of the sandstone. Carbonate cement is more common cementing minerals, and the matrix is subordinate. The percentage of mono-quartz and sedimentary, igneous rock fragments are greater than the amounts of feldspar and poly-quartzand metamorphic fragments. A diagenetic processes were represented by the carbonate, iron oxides and evaporite cements, as well as compaction, cementation, and dissolution. The majority of the rocks of Injana Formation’s provenances are sedimentary and igneous, with minor amounts of subordinate metamorphic rocks. These sandstones are considered to be immature and classified as immature Litharenites type. The tectonic provenances that are extrapolated from petrographical results are transitional and lithic with effect of uplifting of Alpaine oroging recycled origin which are derived from the order rocks during the Miocene age.

This study included an assessment of the hydrogeological conditions of the Mishraq sulphur fields before production, by measuring groundwater levels in (11) wells in Mishraq-2 in 2021, as well as the information of wells obtained, which are (12) wells in Mishraq-3, (68) wells in Mishraq-1. Groundwater levels ranged between (187.71-205.80) m in Mishraq-1, while in Mishraq-2 it ranged between (189.19-196.26) m, as for Mishraq-3 the levels were between (186.4-194.98) m.
The contour maps were drawn for the movement and levels of groundwater, showing that the direction of groundwater movement in Mishraq field-1 is from the west and northwest to the east, with a slight slope towards the southeast, towards the Tigris River, while in the Mishraq field-2, we notice that the direction of groundwater movement is From the east to the west, that is, toward the Tigris River, as for Mishraq field-3, it was found that the direction of movement is from the southeast toward the northwest, that is, toward the Tigris and Great Zab rivers. So it can be said that the Tigris and Great Zab rivers are the two drainage areas in these three fields. The hydraulic properties were analyzed in (44) wells in the three Al-Mishraq fields. Where the values of Transmissivity (T) in Mishraq field-1 ranged between (24.4-1557.5) m2/day, as for Mishraq-2 it ranged between (23-96.91) m2/day, while in Mishraq-3 it ranged between (10.5-4002) ) m2//day, and the hydraulic conductivity (K) ranged between (0.26 -14.68) m/day in Mishraq field-1, as for Mishraq-2 it ranged between (0.7-4.2) m/day, while in Mishraq-3 It ranged between (0.37-119.09) m/day.

The pressure equation of state of Titanium nitrate TiN was investigated in the current work using two equations of state (EOS) from the literature, including the Barden EOS and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, whereas the Bardeen EOS, which is based on interstellar atomic potentials, and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, which is based on the solid mechanics notion of finite strain. The EOSs were processed to identify the impacts of high pressure on the bulk modulus B, Debye temperature θD and lattice constant a, which are characterizations of TiN. Ultimately, a fair comparison of the current findings with the first principle approximation and the generalized gradient approximation approach was conducted, and a perfect agreement was found. It was demonstrated that TiN EOS can be used to calibrate high pressure for chemical compound TiN .

The primary goals of transportation agencies and researchers studying traffic operations are to ease traffic and increase road safety through the use of vehicular ad hoc networks. Agencies can't achieve their goals without reliable and consistent data on the current traffic situation. The Level-of-Service (LOS) index is a helpful measure of freeway traffic operations. Conventional fixed-location cameras and sensors are impractical and expensive for gathering reliable traffic density data on every road in large networks. Flow data is a new, low-cost option that has the potential to boost safety and operations. This study proposes an algorithm for hourly LOS assessment by incorporating flow data provided by the MIDAS (Motorway Incident Detection and Automatic Signaling) system. The proposed algorithm uses machine learning techniques to classify LOS data based on the flow of traffic. The input features that are subject to prediction are a group of technical indicators. The real-world LOS was determined by analyzing data from stationary sensors. The outcomes demonstrate that technical indicators can be utilized to enhance the accuracy of LOS estimation (Random Forest= 93.1, k-nearest neighbors = 92.5, and Support Vector Machine = 91.4). The current work introduces a novel approach to the selection of technical indicators and their use as features, which allows for highly accurate short-term prediction of LOS estimation.

In this paper, an epidemic model consisting of susceptible, vaccination, infected and removal is formulated mathematically. The proposed model deals with incorporating the vaccination factor, treatment factor and non-linear incidence rate. Non negative for the model Solutions are proved, a simplex attractor invariant set is found, the basic reproduction number of the model is calculated using the method of the next-generation matrix, and the model equilibrium points performed a local stability analysis, we have collected the infected cases COVID-19 real data in Kurdistan region from Iraq to estimate the model parameters and sensitivity of the basic reproduction number and the model variable to the parameters of the model was studied

In this paper, we define fuzzy graph chains, which comprise vertex identification. These fuzzy graphs are isomorphic fuzzy graphs, provide that after applying various features to the chain of fuzzy graphs, which as special fuzzy graph chain of C_5.

In this work, the concept of ζ-Open Set was introduced as a generalization of open set. Where it is shown that (X, τ_ζ) is a Topological Space.
Also, we study ζ -Interior, ζ -Closure, Continuity Function. At last basics Properties of them are given.

The current study aimed to use the Crank-Nicolson numerical method to solve Heat-Diffusion Problem in comparison with the ADI method. In this paper, the general formula of the Crank-Nicolson Numerical Method was derived and applied to solve the heat diffusion. The same problem then has been solved using ADI numerical method. The results of the Crank-Nicolson numerical method were compared with that of the ADI numerical method. The comparison results revealed that Crank-Nicolson is more accurate than the results of ADI at the initial steps of the problem solution.

Several algebraic structures have been studied by many authors to discuss the relationships among them. This article aims to study two algebraic structures namely semigroup and BA-algebra by combining them in one form namely BA-semigroup and investigate some of its properties. This paper studied the BA-sub-semigroup, an ideal and BA-homomorphism of a BA-semigroup with some of their properties. Some examples are given to illustrate the results.

The aim of the research is to define new types of M-nano –separation axioms then named M_N-T_i (M_N-semi-T_i ,M_N-pre-T_i ),where i=0,1,2 , Also there are some theorems and examples shown the relationship among these types of spaces.

The research aims to Compute the Nano topologies of any set, consisting of five or less elements, through the Python programming language, with finding the necessary algorithms for the solution steps, We explain the mechanism of action: In first we will find the equivalence relations on set, and then we must compute the nano topology, and end know who set was semi-open, alpha-open,beta-open Regular open ,pre open and gamma-open set .