Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

The research aims to to design and codify a test to measure the level of skill performance for receiving and delivering in football and to set grades and standard levels for the skill under study. The researchers used the descriptive approach due to its suitability for the nature and problem of the research. The research sample consisted of 185 players .After designing and constructing the test ,the two researchers worked on extracting the scientific basis for it and applied the test to the sample and the results were arranged in descending order to identify the differential ability (discriminate) and it was a statistical function, after which the spread of the level of the sample members was identified according to the test to ensure the ease and difficulty of the test and by the torsion coefficient and what achieves the moderate curve in distinguishing between members of the sample, then the percentile scores corresponding to the raw scores obtained were extracted and the standard levels for the test and the degree corresponding to each standard level of the five levels were drawn up. Thus the test has the scientific foundations and the grades and standard levels that make the generalizations of its results possible and correct. The researchers recommended to use this test for the purposes of correct performance evaluation and then performance assessment and development for the best

The research aims to determine the extent to which the physical education teacher understands the concept of intellectual security and its role in enhancing intellectual security and determining the obstacles that limit that role among secondary school students from the teachers ’point of view. The descriptive survey approach was applied to a random sample of (150) teachers in the governmental secondary school in Riyadh. The researchers used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data, as it contained (3) three axes (the teacher's understanding of the concept of intellectual security, the teacher's role in promoting intellectual security, obstacles that limit a course in enhancing intellectual security), from which (30) sub-phrases emerged. The researchers concluded :
1- Encouraging students to link sport with the teachings of the Islamic religion.
2- The importance of intellectual security and its impact on national security.
3- The lack of training courses on the subject of intellectual security for the physical education teacher.
The researcher recommended :
1- Comprehensive development to confront the risks that threaten high school students in the behavior of intellectual deviation.
2- Establishing special programs for intellectual security within the preparation and qualification of physical education teachers before service.

The study aimed to identify the measurement of the level of physical activity and healthy food behavior in the Saudi society and its relationship to some demographic characteristics such as gender, age, education and the nature of work. In order to achieve this, the researchers followed the survey approach (case study) by designing a questionnaire form that was published on the websites and social media in the Kingdom. This questionnaire was subject to the scientific foundations of objectivity, truthfulness and consistency. The number of respondents in the sample reached (532) adults of both genders and of all educational levels. The researchers used the T. Test, which is one of the most common significance tests in psychological and educational sport research, to measure the significance of the differences of the correlated and unrelated averages for equal samples and unequal and use one-way analysis of variance. To determine which groups are the cause of the significant, an F-test called Multiple Hoc-Post Comparisons was conducted.
The most important results were that the sample members did not practice the internationally recommended physical activity and their awareness decreased, which reflects their weak sense of self-efficacy in practicing the recommended activity. This is represented by the weakness of the tendency to exercise the usual walking sport three times a week for half an hour, to ride a bike even once a week, or even to attend health sports clubs and there is a negative trend towards owning sports equipment at home. As for nutritional habits, the study showed that there is a positive health trend in general, despite the presence of some bad dietary habits such as consuming soft drinks during meals and eating fast food. The study showed that there are significant differences in physical activity and healthy food between the genders in favor of males and between age groups in favor of the elderly. However, the healthy eating behavior begins to decrease after the age of 40 years. The practice of physical activity is affected by an individual's educational level, so the higher the qualification, the greater the likelihood of Physical activity this relationship does not exist with the nature of work practicing
The researchers recommended the necessity of following a national strategy to spread nutritional and physical awareness, as well as providing the infrastructure for the success of this according to the Kingdom's future vision.

The research significance is manifested through the researcher's attempt to develop some physical abilities and aiming with two points in basketball, and by developing exercises for the circular training method and identifying their role and the extent of their contribution to the development of these variables and for the results of the research results, which helps guide the processes of preparing players according to the scientific method. The research problem is that there is a weakness in some of the physical abilities of many young players that limit the movement of the players and this negatively affects the skills, such as shooting at two points. The researcher decided to study this real problem and find solutions that may be appropriate in order to raise the level of players through the development of special exercises in a circular training method, the research aimed at: 1.Preparing circular training exercises in developing some physical abilities and shooting with two points with basketball among young people .
2.Identifying the effect of exercises with circular training on developing some physical abilities and shooting with two points with basketball among young people .
3.Identifying the significance of the differences between the control and experimental groups in the post-tests of some physical abilities and shooting with two points in basketball among young people .
The researcher used the experimental approach by designing the two groups (experimental and control) with two pre and post tests on a sample of (20) players from the youth category of the Nasiriyah Sports Club in basketball, and the researcher excluded a group of injured players .The sample was divided into two groups, one experimental and the other a control, and by the simple random method (the draw). Each group includes (10) players, then the researcher conducted the homogeneity and parity, and the researcher conducted the pre-tests before applying the exercises prepared by the researcher, which included exercises in the circular method by three training units per week to develop explosive ability and distinctive strength with speed for arms and legs and the curriculum continued for (8) weeks and at three training units per week. The pre and post results were addressed by appropriate statistical means. The researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are: -The special exercises according to the circular method have an effective role on developing some physical abilities and aiming with two points in the experimental group.

The study aimed to identify the effect of active defense training by attacking on the development of some movement and physical abilities, as the researcher selected a sample of Diyala youth handball club players, where the researcher used the experimental approach with one group, and after the introduction of the experimental variable (exercises with active defense by attacking) it was found that there is a noticeable improvement through the post tests of the selected variables under discussion. In light of the results, the researcher recommends adopting exercises for active defense by attacking as it led to the development of some important variables in handball

The research aims to reveal the effect of using the active learning strategy on the Thelin model in learning and retaining some football skills. The researchers adopted the experimental approach. The sample consisted of (38) students from the Physical Education Department / Al-Mustansiriya University for the academic year (2018-2019),distributed into two equal groups, and for each group (19) students. The teaching plans were prepared according to the proposed model, after which the implementation of the research experiment began and lasted for six weeks, with limits of two educational units per week for each group. After analyzing the data, the researchers concluded that the use of the active learning strategy according to the Thelin model was better than the traditional method in learning some football skills, and accordingly the researchers recommended urging teachers to prepare programs for educational models in which the student is active and effective in the lesson and has the right to take decisions and responsible for their implementation.

The reach aimed to at identify the impact of social media on practicing sports and recreational activities among people with special needs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The two researchers used the descriptive approach, where questionnaire was designed, and after completing the scientific parameters of the questionnaire, it was applied to a sample of (500) people with special needs who were deliberately chosen from all regions of the Kingdom. The research sample included four types of different disabilities, which are (hearing, and visually impaired, speech and kinesthetic). The most prominent results of the research were: The effect of using social media on the exercise of recreational sports activities for people with special needs was of moderate impact, and among its most prominent recommendations is to urge people with special needs to make more use of social media in the practice of sports and recreational activities among people with special needs in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as well as the need to pay attention to these social media with people with special needs and provide them with additional programs and applications that increase the number of participants in sports and entertainment activities through them, and increase media campaigns and advertisements through various social media.

The research aims to prepare a proposed educational program in the speed of learning and to identify its effect on the skill of straight punches among students of the second stage of boxing sport, where the sample was chosen by the intentional method, and their number is (24) students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Al-Mustansiriya University, the second stage. The researchers used the Experimental method (for the two equal groups),where a proposed educational program was used to learn the skill of straight punches, right and left, and here the task of research is the length of the learning period for the two legs and the excess of time and effort and not using the element of excitement to break the boredom that accompanies the learner or novice in learning the boxing game. The researchers hypothesized that there were significant differences between the pre and post tests for both groups (control and experimental) and for the research variables for boxing. The researchers concluded that the proposed educational program has a positive and effective effect on teaching the right and left straight punch skill. The researchers recommended that this program be applied to all boxing skills and in various sports to improve skill performance in terms of speed, accuracy and performance.

The percentage of physical and motor characteristics has a fundamental role in the skillful performance that underlies the progress and development of the game of handball, and the researcher intends to identify and study the problem of not giving importance to these characteristics during the training units and the extent of their importance and their contribution to the level of skill performance and to identify weaknesses and strengths with these characteristics from by identifying the percentages of these attributes that contribute to skill performance, and then building predictive equations for the level of skill performance through these qualities. The researcher concluded that there are physical and movement characteristics that contribute to varying degrees of skill performance, he identified the most proportions that contribute to the level of skill performance. The research aims to:
1- identify the percentage of some movement and physical characteristics that contribute to the level of skill performance.
2- Build predictive equations for the level of skill performance through motor and physical characteristics.

Technical gymnastics is one of the games that have been included in the development, with performance reaching to an extent beyond imagination, and we specifically mention the throat device , whose movements are characterized by strength, stability, and weight to stand on the hands and the player needs strength, speed, endurance, agility, balance and high flexibility to perform skills on this device. Through the experience of the two researchers that they are two coaches and two former players and their follow-up of all gymnastics tournaments that take place at the level of the country for the junior category, as well as their training, they noticed a problem that lies in the poor performance of the junior players for the skill of the throat device represented by the large discounts by the E Committee as a result of the likely result and instability and stability, which leads to the deduction of the degree. The research aims to prepare Special exercises for the use of tools aids and tools to develop some physical and skillful abilities on the throat device. As for the research, there were significant differences between the results of the experimental and control groups in the physical abilities and skill on the throat device and for the benefit of the experimental group. The researchers used the experimental approach with two groups after conducting homogeneity and parity. For the research sample, he applied special exercises on the experimental group, which consisted of 24 training units. The researchers concluded that the exercises for the use of assistive devices have an effective role on developing the physical abilities and skill of the experimental group and the use of assistive tools in the process of developing the performance of some skills contributes to saving time and effort for the coach and the player.

The research aimed to identify the relationship between kinematic accuracy and the performance of the two free throw and peaceful skills in basketball in the research sample. In order to verify the objectives of the research, the researcher hypothesized that there is a statistically significant relationship between the kinematic accuracy and the performance of the free throw and peaceful shooting skills in basketball for the research sample. The researcher used the descriptive approach due to its suitability for the nature of the research. The research community was selected and its sample from the fourth stage students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Kirkuk, for the academic year (2017-2018) of (30) students, and the sample was chosen by the deliberate method and with a strength of (14) students representing a percentage of 46% of the research population. The researcher used the questionnaire and test form as a tool for research and for processing data statistically. The researcher found a significant relationship between kinematic accuracy and free throw in basketball in the research sample, and the presence of a significant relationship between kinematic accuracy and peaceful
Shooting in basketball among research sample .
The researcher recommended the need to pay attention to the accuracy of shooting in teaching basketball and teaching for long periods in order to develop this movement ability, and to conduct similar studies and research on different samples.

Sports games witnessed a remarkable development and this development was not by chance. Rather, it relied on the use of modern foundations in training and the diversity in the use of teaching methods and learning methods because of their importance in developing the level of learners ’performance and stimulating their motivations and their cognitive, physical and skill needs. And since physical education is an important part of general education and an essential aspect of building it in the school curriculum, it is an effective means of preparing students and a successful and joyful treatment of the restrictions imposed by school life or set by society. Therefore, it became necessary for physical exercises, games and sporting events to be appropriate to the requirements of the circumstance and the available financial capabilities.
The research aims to:
1- Design mini games using the team competition method among intermediate school students.
2- Identify the effect of small games using group competition methods on developing the level of positive arousal in the physical education lesson among middle school students

The psychological aspect is one of the basic requirements in the game of football, which works to bring out the player better in terms of physical, skill and planning performance. The game of football is characterized by the multiplicity of its skills and sequences as well as its interconnectedness that makes each skill dependent on the next, and this will increase the effectiveness of the psychological factor, and for accurate motor performance is extremely important in the game of football as the positions of the game change from attack to defense, which will need to be optimized for the requirements of play to control the course of the game. The concept of the physical self means the player's appreciation of the physical qualities he possesses, as the athlete must realize what he enjoys from Physical and skillful qualities and to have high confidence in the abilities he possesses to help him face different situations, especially in sports competitions. The research significance lies in trying to study the realistic physical side of the athlete and the extent of his relationship with the physical self in the sports side, and the possibility of employing the player's knowledge of his physical abilities and for the benefit of skillful performance and facing situations. As for the research problem , researchers have noticed, through their review of the literature, of the Riyadh training series That there is a dearth of evaluation studies that deal with the relationship between physical competence, offensive skills and the level of self-concept, where the problem of research lies in the lack of knowledge of the players with the level of their abilities in the physical, skill and psychological aspect and the extent of the relationship between them during the examination of the physical aptitude and the skill performance of the player and studying the relationship of that with what he perceives the player's possession of physical qualities and the extent of his accurate understanding of these qualities that qualify him to pass the obstacles that he faces during sports competitions with confidence. The researcher aimed to identify the level of physical competence and skillful performance and their relationship to the appreciation of the concept of physical self among football players. As for the research hypothesis is that there is a positive correlation between the level of Physical competence and skill performance in assessing the concept of physical self among football players. As for the research sample, the research was conducted on its own sample. It was deliberately chosen. It consisted of (11) players from the Sugar Sports Club where the research community was (20) players. As for the most important conclusions, there is a significant correlation relationship between the concept of the physical self and the level of physical competence, and this explains that the research sample is aware of the physical abilities they possess. In fact, the most important recommendations are the possibility of using the scale applied in the current research by trainers to measure physical self-esteem.

The research studied the effect of air effort on some biochemistry variables in blood serum on (6) for the third stage students of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul, and the research procedures included a pre-test and a post-test for antenna voltage (15 minutes) on the rotating tape at a speed of (6 km) ) And regression (15 degrees) and post-rest (5 minutes) testing on biochemical variables in serum, which included creatinine, urea, uric acid, GOT and GPT.
The research found that there were significant differences in the test before the effort compared with the effort after the variables creatinine, uric acid and GOT enzyme in favor of after effort except for urea in favor of before effort, while the differences were not significant for GPT enzyme when comparing before effort with immediately after effort. In the pre-effort test and after the hospitalization period, significant differences were observed in the levels of urea and GPT enzyme in favor of before effort. The results showed opposite to uric acid and GOT enzyme. As for the post-effort test and after the hospitalization period, it was found that there was a significant decrease in creatinine, while the decrease was not significant in the levels of uric acid, urea, and GPT enzyme after the hospitalization period, while there was no change in the GOT enzyme values after the effort compared with after the hospitalization period

The research significance was demonstrated for the purpose of clarifying and defining the aspects on which the higher leadership works and its role in activating organizational adaptation in order to raise the level of sports in the directorates of sports and scout activity in Baghdad province . As for the research problem, there were some failures in some directorates of sports and scouting activity in Baghdad. The research aimed to prepare a scale to identify the role of the higher leadership to activate the organizational adaptation in the directorates of sports and scout activity in Baghdad province . The researcher concluded that : 1.The higher leadership represents one of the main motives in the activities of the directorates of sports and scout activity in Baghdad in order to achieve the objectives efficiently and effectively, which will positively affect the development of their activities.
2.The higher leadership has an important and vital role in developing the directorates of sports and scout activity in Baghdad, which works to create a balanced organizational adaptation to solve problems and improve the efficiency of its departments.
The researcher recommends :
1.Conducting similar studies that include directorates of sports and scouting activity in all directorates of Iraq and comparing them with the current study.
2.Evaluating the work of leadership and adaptive organization on an ongoing basis and according to deliberate timetables to identify the most important obstacles that face its performance and to reinforce the positive aspects of them.

Identify the best time for the transfer of lactic acid into the blood to restore ATP.. 1
2. Identify the level of anaerobic indicators of a fast-running athlete. Identify the specificity of the correlative relations among all the indicators under study..3
In data collection , the researcher relied on a sample of short distance female athletes for Erbil Sports Club, with 10 players. The reasons for choosing this sample are due to their presence and continued training in the club stadiums for the season (2016-2017). As for the tests used, they were determined by measuring the level of lactic acid and testing physical exertion to identify anaerobic capacity as well as an indicator of fatigue. After conducting the tests and treating them by statistical means, a set of conclusions were reached, the most important of which are the following: 1.The results showed that the highest concentration of lactic acid in the blood was at the fifth minute.
2.The results also showed that the second highest concentration of lactic acid in the blood was after the seventh minute. 3.The lowest concentration of lactic acid in the blood was after the fifteenth minute, followed by the thirteenth minute.

Weightlifting is one of the individual sports that interest has increased in all countries, especially in Kurdistan in the past years and in the present, because of its clear weight in terms of the number of medals that this game reaps, which in turn depends on the output product of muscle work, represented by lifting the largest possible weight. During the legally permissible lifting , which is the snatch and snapping lift. The study relied on the snatch only, and the snatch is performed in one movement by lifting the weight from the ground close to the body and fixed above the head with both outstretched hands depending on the highest possible level of muscle output represented by strength during the stages of the performance of the lift. This is done through muscular contraction of the working muscle groups during each stage, and it is characterized by high capacity and high physical characteristics of the muscles of the legs, back, shoulders and arms. From the physiological side, this sport depends on the ATP three-phosphate system, because the skill performance is short, ranging between 3-10 seconds, and this is the ATP participation rate for muscular work, which is the largest participation value for this system, because it gives a high efficiency of strength to muscles in the event of contraction and the production of maximum strength and little period of performance.
Since the study of physiology is linked in most of its measurements to the use of special food materials to strengthen the muscles and correct and accurate measurements, so it requires reliance on these materials that are compatible and objective work so that they fulfill the new objective set for the study. The research significance lies in reaching the extent of the use of the nutritional supplement, especially keratin , and its effect on the physical characteristics and achievement of the female weightlifters of the university team, Salah al-Din - Erbil, in weightlifting.

The research aims to identify the effect of the programmed learning strategy on learning the skills of preparing and service from the top in volleyball. The research problem is determined in finding alternative ways (educational alternatives) to achieve the best learning and saving time and effort, as (30) students were randomly selected from the second grade in Department of Physical Education / College of Education at the University of Karmian, and their average age was (19-21) years and regular attendants for the academic year (2015-2016). Preparing and service from the top using the programmed learning strategy, and the second the control group learn the same skills in the teaching followed by the teacher.
The results of the research showed significant differences between the pre and post tests and in favor of the post tests in learning the two skills and for the two groups, but it did not show significant differences between the two groups (experimental and control). The researchers recommended using a programmed learning strategy in learning skills for other games.

The educational process in the field of physical education depends on many and multiple factors that are not limited to the student's own abilities only, but also to include the role of the teacher and his ability to interact with the student and his scientific capabilities in applying the educational curriculum in a better way to lead this process to success as well as the role of each student and teacher, the educational curriculum and the educational syllabus it contains. The research aims to identify the effect of the reciprocal method used in the art of performance and the achievement and the trend towards the material for the stages of snatch in the research sample and the differences between the two groups between the pre- and post-tests . The research community is determined by the intentional method from the students of the first academic year at the Faculty of Physical Education at the University of Sulaymaniyah for the academic year (2016-2017) and their number (63) male and female students. They are divided into three academic sections, where two study sections were by the draw method. Thus, the research sample was randomly composed of (20) students by (10) students from each academic division, where Section (C) represented the experimental group (the reciprocal method), and section (A) the control group then performed parity for the two research groups (experimental and control) in the art of performance and achievement for the stages of the snatch . After dividing the sample into two groups and each group would perform the snatch of weightlifting in two ways (reciprocal and traditional). The educational curricula included (16) educational units for the experimental and control groups, with (8) educational units for each method. The actual experiment took (8) weeks, during which the educational units were distributed by two educational units per week for each group. The researcher concluded that both methods are effective in developing the art of performance and achievement. for the stages of weightlifting kidnapping and that the reciprocal method, its effectiveness in developing the art of performance and achievement was more than the adopted method, as well as the emergence of positive trends from the experimental group with a greater percentage than the control towards weightlifting.

Sports training based on scientific foundations is one of the most important factors that enable us to reach the highest levels of sports in various games, and developed countries have paid great attention to the process of preparing athletes, as achieving high sporting achievements and reaching first ranks in international tournaments has become a fundamental goal because it reflects the extent of development in the different sciences of these countries. Sports training mainly aims to prepare the individual and change his behavior and method of performance to achieve a certain level of motor or mental performance, which is the process that puts the body under the influence of those factors that lead it to reach a degree of efficiency and physical production that the usual ways of life cannot. The daily allowance for him and helps him to meet the needs and requirements of the energies resulting from the exercise of sports activity.
Football is one of the games that has received increasing global attention because it is one of the most popular games in the world, and the development that took place in the international levels of football teams that we touched dramatically during the last World Cup came as a result of harmony and integration of physical, skill, planning, physical and functional, and it did not appear and this harmony and integration is spontaneous and random. Rather, it came as a result of the coaches ’reliance on sports training science based on other sciences that achieve the best levels and results because“ it has been scientifically proven that the response of the body’s systems to sports training has a special importance in identifying the extent of physical and functional improvement of athletes ”as well as the state of creativity innovation and development in methods and means of sports training through the use of the foundations and principles of sports training and the scientific planning required to prepare comprehensive training curricula. The research aims to: 1.Detect the effect of training using additional weights between the pre and post tests of the control and experimental groups on some physical and kinetic elements of football. 2.Detect the effect of training using additional weights between the post tests of the control and experimental groups on some physical and motor elements of football

. 1.Identify the numbers and percentages reached by BMI levels among school students in the city of Karakosh
. 2.Identify the differences in numbers and percentages between boys and girls at the same stage of BMI levels.
The two researchers used the descriptive method in the survey method for its suitability to the nature of the study and to achieve its objectives. The research sample was determined from (2104) male and female students (both male and female) from secondary schools in the city of Karakosh in the Hamdaniya district, representing 100% of the research community. They were chosen by the deliberate method. The two researchers used (interview, measurement, books, references, scientific research, and the global information network (the Internet) as means of collecting data. The two researchers reached the following results:
1.In light of global health standards, the results indicated a high body mass index for males and females and for all age groups (12-13-14-15-16-17) years.
There are differences in numbers and percentages between boys and girls in the same stage of BMI levels..2
3.The two researchers recommended a number of recommendations according to which the necessity of eating healthy foods and paying more attention to physical education lessons and giving them great importance to maintain the health and fitness of students.

1.The effect of the two evaluation strategies based on performance and communication evaluation in learning some basic football skills.
2.The difference between the two performance-based evaluation strategies and the communication evaluation in the post-test of some basic football skills.
The experimental method was used for its suitability to the nature and problem of the research. The research sample consisted of (26) students from the first year of study at (Stadeum) Institute and they were divided into two groups. The test was signed by section (A) to represent the first experimental group and studied according to the performance-based evaluation strategy, and section (B) to represent the second experimental group, which was studied according to its communication evaluation strategy. Harmonization and parity were made in the variables that play an influential role in learning basic football skills.Achieving the research objectives required football skill tests, which were nominated by experts and specialists in the field of football.
An educational program was prepared according to two performance-based evaluation strategies and communication evaluation, consisting of (32) educational units with (16) educational units according to the performance-based evaluation strategy and (16) educational units according to the communication evaluation strategy.
The educational units were implemented during eight weeks, at the rate of two teaching units per week, with a time of (90) minutes per educational unit. After the completion of the educational program, the post tests were taken for the skill tests.

The research aims to identify the problems that face physical education students in teaching weightlifting skills. The research community was determined by the intentional method of physical education students in universities (Koya, Salah Al-Din, Soran), as their number reached (216), and (8) individuals were excluded due to their participation in the pilot study and extracting the stability of the scale, and thus the final sample number reached (208) individuals. The researchers used the descriptive approach by the survey method, and after obtaining the results, they were discussed in a scientific method supported by sources to achieve the research objective. In light of the research results, the two researchers reached the following conclusions:
1.The existence of problems in the educational aspect, and the most important problems were for the research sample and the weightlifting lesson should be isolated by being on a day designated for it and the number of daily lectures is insufficient as well as Physical education colleges give greater attention to popular subjects such as football and volleyball.
2.The presence of problems in the psychological aspect of the research sample in the Faculties of Physical Education, a feeling of mistrust on the ground in the snatch skill. 3.The presence of problems in the research sample in the health aspect, as most of them were not constantly and continuously medical examination throughout the semester, and weightlifting increases injury and muscle tearing, which made students more afraid of injuries.
4.There are problems with the research sample on the potential side, the fact that the tools are old and insufficient to learn weightlifting skills, the failure to provide modern technology in the existing lectures and lounges is old and insufficient, and the lack of hot showers after the lecture and first aid is not always available.
5.There are problems in the research sample in the community axis, the most important of which is that society does not encourage weightlifters, family members are upset about weightlifting, and the media does not encourage weightlifting.

The researcher used the descriptive approach due to its suitability for the problem nature. A sample of (6) long-distance runners for Erbil Sports Club , selected from the advanced category and the homogeneity of the sample was used for height, weight and age. Then the researcher conducted the pilot study on runners to run 5,000 five thousand meters and it is an air effort without excluding them from the main experiment and without the blood drawing process to reveal the problems and difficulties encountered during the final experiment, then taking the blood during the rest period (the pre-test) to identify the level of variables that the researcher takes in their study, which are the blood variables, which are hemoglobin blood and blood PH (The albumin, globulin and GPT-GOT enzymes) .After four days, the researcher conducted the main experiment, immediately after the effort, the blood drawing process was done, then after five minutes during the recovery period, the blood was taken again to identify the comparison of protein variables. After that the statistical methods were used and the researcher reached the most important conclusions and recommendations such as:
1- The presence of a significant increase in the albumin level immediately after the effort compared with the pre-effort state except for globulin, low after the effort.
2- There was a significant increase in the level of GPT and GOT enzymes immediately after the effort compared to the rest value.
3- There was no significant increase or decrease in the albumin and globulin variables after the hospitalization period compared with after the effort immediately.

The research aims to verify the theory of reliability in the field of physical education, which states that the less homogeneity, the greater the reliability he greater the validity and vice versa. The researchers used the descriptive approach in a case study method, and in order to obtain reliability , reliability was used by the method of testing and re-testing on some Physical tests, and also in order to obtain homogeneity, statistical methods have been used (standard deviation, coefficient of torsion, coefficient of variation) The two researchers reached a number of conclusions, including that the results of the tests showed that the opposite relationship between homogeneity and reliability , i.e. the lower the homogeneity, the greater the reliability. As for validity , it turns out that the relationship is positive, i.e. the less homogeneity, the less validity

The research aims to identify the role of an educational curriculum based on the educational pillars strategy on learning the skill performance of discus throwing among intermediate school students. The researcher hypothesized the existence of a positive role for an educational curriculum based on the educational pillars strategy on learning the skill performance among intermediate school students by throwing the disc. The researcher used the experimental approach of the two-group method (experimental and control) for its suitability to the nature of the research. The research population was determined from the second intermediate grade students at Al-Qalaa High School for Boys, whose number is (74). Two experimental and control groups of (20) students for each group, and the Statistical package of Social Sciences (SPSS) was used using the laws (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test for independent samples and related samples).The research results confirm the effectiveness of the educational curriculum based on the educational pillars strategy that helped the research sample respondents on learning the skill performance of discus throwing among the sample members. The researcher recommends the need to use the educational pillars strategy in learning all other throwing activities in athletics.

The research significance came to develop players of the distributor center (the game maker), physically and skillfully, by using specialized individual training technology, and thus may contribute to the advancement of the Iraqi basketball game to be better. The research aims to:
-.Identify the effect of individual training on developing some physical and skillful qualities of the top distributor center for basketball for the youth of Basra Sports Club
The researchers concluded that the t individual training effectively helps in developing the distinctive strength and speed (arms and legs) of players of distributor center as well as some basic offensive skills in basketball. The researcher recommended adopting individual training to develop strength distinguished by speed as well as basic offensive skills in basketball.

There are annual tournaments held by the sporting activity within a pre-prepared curriculum. These tournaments depend on the results of the adequacy of the facilities in the schools and the validity of their quality, as these capabilities differ from one school to another. Also, the availability of school facilities or lack thereof affects negatively or positively the results and the performance of physical education teachers, whether in the competitions held by the sports activity or its performance in taking out the lesson inside the school . Through the researchers work as teacher s of physical education, they observe that the capabilities are not commensurate with the number of students in schools, which affects the implementation of the physical education lesson and the internal and external sports activity, which hinders the implementation of the objectives of the physical education lesson, and since the student is the focus of the educational process, the possibilities and their diversity must be available in order to correspond with his desires, inclinations and preparations. In this context, the two researchers raise questions about the adequacy of the facilities available in the preparatory schools in Hilla district. What is the relationship of the results of athletics and five aside football adequacy of facilities . The research aims to build a measure of capacity adequacy in intermediate schools in Hilla district, identify the results of the five aside football athletics tournaments for the 2018-2019 academic year , get acquainted with the reality of the adequacy of facilities in preparatory schools in the Hilla district, and identify the results of the athletics and five aside football tournaments, their relationship, and the adequacy of facilities in intermediate schools in the Hilla district. The researchers hypothesized that there is a relationship between the results of athletics and five-aside football and the adequacy of facilities in the preparatory schools in Hilla district .