Journal of Nabu

Research Summary
The formal construction of ornaments in Islamic architecture
The research problem was represented in the following question : What is the formal Structure of decorations in Islamic architecture , while the study aimed to identify the Formal structure of structural and engineering decorations in Islamic architecture , and the Importance of the researchers in the field of Arabic calligraphy from graduate student and Researchers in the field Decoration to identify the construction process the decoration .
The limits of the search were determined on the mosques and the shrines of the imams In Baghdad – and Karbala , because they are the most important and interesting in this field.
Decorative . The second chapter included three sections, the first topic included the characteristics of the decorative from , while the second topic included ( types of decoration in Islamic Architecture ) , while the third topic contained ( building the decorative from ) . The third chapter included the research community , which amounted to ( 50 ) models. The researcher chose his sample in an intentional manner and at a rate of 10% , where the Research sample models amounted to (5) models, and the fourth chapter included the results of the research, the most important of which (1) the formal environment of the Decorations came according to rectangular and square geometric structures, in whichStructural decorations were implemented.The formality of the geometric decorations depends on the accuracy in the calculation as a result of the designer's ability and knowledge in the process of structural construction of the decorations. The researcher also recommended to take advantage of the results of the Research and its finding to the scholars and those interested in this field.

Abstract
The intellectual and aesthetic dualities and their applied philosophy in the theatrical art, formed a great importance, which evoked the interest of researches and scholars in the philosophy of theatrical art. Several types of these dualities are (me and the other), (visible and invisible), (iconic and imagined), (imagined and reality) and (imagined and achieved).
Those dualities are working in the philosophy of the aesthetic theatrical art, where they can be found sometimes in the script, and other times can be found in the performance. They can be clearly seen in the creative vision of the theatrical director. Researches attempted to figure out the tracks of the duality of the imagined and achieved inside the actor performance, starting from his/her precise field of specialty in order to reach to its intellectual, artistic and aesthetic outcomes.
Researcher limits his research problem in the following question: what are the aesthetics of the imagined and achieved in the performance of the theatrical actor?
This research consists of four chapters. The first chapter deals with the problem of the research, its importance, goals, limits, and identifying vocabulary. The goals of the research were formed as being the purpose to identify the aesthetic approaches of the imagined and the achieved in the theatrical actor performance and its work mechanisms within theatrical performance system.
The second chapter entitled: theoretical framework, it’s made of two sections. The first section deals with intellectual, artistic and aesthetic data of the imagined and achieved, in which the researcher attempts to mention several opinions of group of philosophers and thinkers.
The second section entitled: the aesthetics of the imagined and achieved in directing methods and directions. The researcher studied other theatrical directors’ experiments and reviewed the aesthetics of the imagined and achieved in the performance of the theatrical actor within their theatrical performances.
The research concluded with a list of the most important resources and references, an appendix for the research community, and a summary in English.
* Key words : aesthetics . - imagined .- achieved

The current research sheds light on (manifestations of the unconscious image in Giuseppe Arcimboldo's drawings) because the image is based on a state of mind that aims to free imagination from the bonds of the mind to produce an art reached through the process of thinking even if it is irrational. The research covers four chapters, the first of which contains the problem, which is presented in the form of the following questions: (How is the unconscious image embodied in the pictorial achievement? and in what stylistic and constructive way through which the artist Giuseppe embodies the unconscious image and its psychological content in the pictorial surface?). The chapter also includes the importance of the research and the need for it, in addition to the aim of the research as well as the limits of the research and its terminologies.
The second chapter, the theoretical framework, involves two topics. Firstly, it involves the conceptual dimension of the manifestations of the unconscious image. Secondly, it involves the polarization of the subconscious images in art.
The third chapter includes the analysis of the samples of the research which amount to (3) samples. And the research ends with the fourth chapter, which is consisted of a set of findings, conclusions, recommendations and suggestions. Among the most prominent results are the following: (1) the artist embodies the unconscious image through constructive and cognitive treatments which are characterized by precision and craftsmanship with a sensory return to the partial substance, such as a book and chicken, without any link between one part and the other. The search ends with a list of references and appendixes.
Keywords: (manifestation - image - unconsciousness - drawings – the artist Giuseppe).

The design achievement is based on several stages that support each other so that the design output is successful and achieves the goal for which it was created, and there is no doubt that the design element is linked in form and content to the idea of the subject of that achievement. Received the idea of its subject, that is why this research came to shed light on the issue of compatibility and formal variables in the design achievement. The research models identified the awareness advertisements (against the Corona virus) issued by the United Nations (UNESCO) published online, within the period represented by the year (2020-2021) and identified the most important search terms, while the second chapter may consist of two sections and included the most important information dealing with the subject of the variable In the third chapter, the research procedures were identified and the selection of (8) models for analysis in order to reach the most important results and conclusions, including:
1- The focus is on the formal element as it is the main element in the communicative process in designing the awareness advertisement.
2- The change and formal conformity include achieving the goal of the awareness advertisement and to be an effective tool in attracting the attention of the recipients.
3-The shape takes a change determined by achieving compatibility with the elements included in the design of the idea of the topic of the awareness advertisement. It also included the recommendations and the researcher suggested, 1 - Studying the psychological effects of the awareness advertisements, in addition to the list of sources.

The research was concerned with studying (acculturation between text and directing in contemporary Iraqi theater - the play “The Wall of China” as a model) , and it contained four chapters. The first chapter dealt with (the methodological framework), which dealt with the research problem that was identified by the following question: What is acculturation? And how his images were represented within the structures of the text and directing in the contemporary Iraqi theater ? . While the importance of the research was determined in presenting the concept of acculturation and transforming its sayings into a method of interpretation and analysis and its work in the field of theater, as well as monitoring the mechanisms of the Iraqi playwright/director’s dealing with theatrical texts and directing experiences that represent different cultures as importing theatrical texts whose cultural and pluralistic structure identifies with the structure and pluralism Iraqi society. The aim of the research is to identify acculturation between text and directing in the contemporary Iraqi theater (the play “The Wall of China” as a model), and then the temporal limits of the research that were set in the year (2013) AD, and the spatial in (Iraq), then the chapter concluded by defining and defining the terms.
The second chapter (theoretical framework) included two sections, the first topic concerned with studying the concept of acculturation through framing the outlets (Acculturation: an epistemological journey in concept climates), and the second topic concerned with studying (the work of acculturation in theatrical discourse around the world. The chapter concluded with the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework
The third chapter (the procedural framework) was devoted to defining the research sample. The chapter also included the research method and the research tool, and the chapter concluded with an analysis of the play (The Wall of China) by the playwright (Max Frisch), which was prepared and directed by the Iraqi theater director (Arslan Darwish) .
The fourth chapter dealt with the results, including :
1- The epic example came as a method of self-awareness in the presence of the other .
2- Adopting the narrative and investing in Kurdish costumes , songs and dances .

The chapter also included conclusions , recommendations and suggestions, and concluded the chapter with a list of sources .

Keywords : acculturation , theatrical text , directing , the China wall .

the organizational foundations in (the Rafidainian pottery formation)
Abstract
The current research (the movement between the structural elements and the organizational foundations in the (Rafidian pottery formation)) touched on the concept of movement as one of the important elements involved in the formation of plastic arts in general and pottery art in particular. Through this element, the ancient Iraqi artist was able to download the texts executed on pottery The ancient Iraqi with high expressive values in addition to creating various scenes in terms of aesthetics of the idea and content, which led to achieving visual tension for the recipient through the various indications of the movement of texts executed on the surfaces of pottery in ancient Iraq.
The research included four chapters: The first chapter was concerned with the methodological framework of the research and contained the research problem, its importance and its goal of (knowing the semantics of movement in the structural elements and organizational foundations in the pottery of ancient Iraq), while the limits of the research were limited to the study of pottery from (2004 - 1500) BC. AD from the ancient Babylonian era, and the researcher identified and defined some terms.
As for the second chapter, it included a presentation of the theoretical framework and previous studies, as the theoretical framework contained two sections, the first of which studied (the movement: what it is), while the second topic reviewed in detail (the structural elements and organizational foundations in technical formation), and then the researcher reached the indicators of the framework Theoretical The second chapter ends with previous studies.
The third chapter was devoted to (research procedures), where the researcher included the research community by limiting it to (20) models, and the research sample was limited to (4) models, which the researcher analyzed according to the descriptive analytical approach.
As for the fourth chapter, it is devoted to a review of (the results and conclusions), and the most important findings of this study are:
1. The body of the old Iraqi artist is the indication of the movement facing the viewer or the side movement in his pottery works as an indication of salutation and an artistic treatment of balance.
2. The old Iraqi artist achieved its kinetic connotations in his pottery works by manipulating the volumes between the vocabulary of one work to gain the subject of the main work importance and to confirm its kinetic connotations, so he formulated it with high skill. 3- The aesthetic significance of the movement was embodied by the old Iraqi artist through the visual tension represented in the movement of some details of the shapes inside the pictured scenes to create an expressive aspect.
3. The old Iraqi artist achieved the movement and its connotations through the linear diversity, so he formulated his various pictorial scenes to highlight the significance of the depicted form, its details and its main subject.
The most important conclusions:
1. The old Iraqi artist used intellectual visions with different kinetic significance in his figurative scenes to achieve a transformation in the artistic content. From these scenes, the characters appeared in a sitting or standing position, in addition to the movements of the hands, some of which are like upwards, on the chest or the abdomen, and that is due to the requirements of the society (rituals, magic, religion).
2. The old Iraqi artist wanted to produce unfamiliar forms in his figurative scenes, so he produced complex and mythical forms with kinetic connotations to express situations of conflict or for a devotional situation to mix between imagination and reality.
3. Religious and worldly ideas appeared in the ancient Iraqi society (the ancient Babylonian era), including the struggle of the gods and the care of the gods for humans, in addition to what expresses daily life, so the artist achieved a different semantic balance of movement in terms of formulating his artistic discourse.
Followed by recommendations, suggestions, a list of sources and references, and then supplements.

Summary

The Turkish playwright (Adalat Ağaoğlu 1929_2020 AD) is one of the contemporary playwrights who have emerged in Turkish literature, because of its peculiarity in style and expression, and its uniqueness in dealing with community issues in a way that is different from the previous pioneers of Turkish theater and its contemporaries.
The research is divided into four chapters, the first is concerned with the theoretical framework, and the second chapter deals with two sections, the first is about studying the dimensions of the personality of women in the international theatrical text, and the second is about the life of the writer (Adalat) and her references, while the third chapter included a thorough analysis of the play (Cocoons) as a model for research, and concluded Search results, including :
1. (Adalat) seeks to reveal the situation of women in a different way, by addressing different socil classes, without resorting to generalization, and conveying events and details in the light of the society in which she lives.
2. (Adalat) was exposed to the existing system in ideological societies, criticizing the situation in which she is living, through symbolic gestures, striving for a clean society.
Keywords: dimensions, personality, women, theatrical text

Introduction Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, Creator of the universe and all people, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of all creation, and upon his faithful family and his good and chosen companions.
As for after.
The Noble Qur’an, that book in which there is no doubt, is of heavenly production. There is no doubt and there is no hesitation in accepting this truth, which if God had sent it down on a mountain, you would have seen it humbled and torn to pieces for the fear of God,if this is proven, it is necessary from him that all the requirements of the Noble Qur’an and its attachments be heavenly, on the condition of coherence and the validity of the ruling from the whole to its vocabulary, its parts, or its cognates. because it is introverted; That is why we find that the vocabulary in the Holy Qur’an and within the text differs clearly and explicitly. We note that the Qur’anic vocabulary is more, deeper, more accurate and broader; That is because it is characterized by the attribute of heavenly Every lack of or increased takes knowledge as much capacity and narrow { He sends down water (rain) from the sky, and the valleys flow according to their measure, but the flood bears away the foam that mounts up to the surface - and (also) from that (ore) which they heat in the fire in order to make ornaments or utensils, rises a foam like unto it, thus does Allâh (by parables) show forth truth and falsehood[1]. Then, as for the foam it passes away as scum upon the banks, while that which is for the good of mankind remains in the earth. Thus Allâh sets forth parables (for the truth and falsehood, i.e. Belief and disbelief}.
From here we raised our theme, a truism in the Qur’an as we find in the Qur’an verses of the seemingly does not need to interpret or thought for example, we note that in the verse: (Whoever can not fast for three days in Hajj and seven if you turned those ten complete it for those who did not his family Attendant of the Sacred Mosque) Whoever does not know that the sum of three and seven equals ten, but he said that ten is complete. Or meaning: (may craftiness those before them came God edification of the pride of rules on them the roof above them and the torment overtook them from where he does not feel) we note in the verse: we note in the verse: the fall of roof above them, and do not know that the place of the roof is the superstructure of this .For The basis of our research was with a different viewpoint in explaining and extracting these verses. The apparent meaning of these verses may conflict with the demand of the Holy Qur’an to read the Qur’an reflectively, for the verses of reflection are many, and the contradiction occurs between the verses of self-evident that do not need reflection and the verses of reflection. And he has a blessing

This study adopted the importance of the role of design as a means or a counter weapon that contributes to developing the solutions and treatments required in an attempt to achieve social security and stability in the guidance and awareness campaigns related to the Corona disaster in Iraq, through a sample of printed and digital designs and the extent of their performance in the functional aspect, and to reveal what it lacks From various scientific foundations, concepts, and concepts in various knowledge fields, as they are factors of weakness that contributed to achieving the collective non-response of individuals, with a view to reaching a set of solutions and recommendations and setting the correct determinants and standards upon which designs must be based in such crises b Each private and the rest of the positions in general, so it was the title of this study (Weak association response, Instruction and Awareness designs for the disaster Corona virus in Iraq), which summarized by asking the following:
- To what extent can the factors of weak collective response of individuals be revealed in the designs used in the Instruction and awareness campaigns of the disaster Corona virus in Iraq?
Keywords: (indicative design - Corona virus - collective response)

In this research, Unconventional glaze mixture was used, depending on the product of burning papyrus cane (ash), on two burners, As explained in the research procedures, it was found that papyrus cane ash is a primary source of silica minerals (SiO2) with a percentage of (56.1%) as the main component of the porcelain glaze mixture, As well as alumina (Al2O3) and by weight (1.2%), as shown through the chemical analysis of this substance, and this was proven in Table (2-3) of the research procedures, and this means double use of a substance considered as a residue (sedge cane) in the production of glaze and as a Cleaning the environment from this material, and (5) glaze mixtures were prepared in which the weight ratios added to three oxides varied, They are (sodium oxide Na2CO3) and (potassium feldspar oxide K2O.Al2O3.6SiO2) and (boric oxide B2O3), Then those mixtures were frit it separately at a temperature of (1200 c) to improve the specifications of the glaze mixture, then the burning program was determined, scratch resistance and hardness tests were conducted, and the surface tensile coefficient, density, transparency and opacity of the glaze mixtures were calculated as shown in the research procedures and review of the results.

The sign is cognitive semiotics in which settles all knowledge and human sciences , by transforming it on a sign basis that is subject to a verbal, linguistic, written and non-verbal system, and this indicates the position of the science of important signs in many cultures ,the cultural readings related to the life of society and its multiple knowledge production, the multiplicity of the signs themselves, and thus the relationship of the signifier with the signified is the main engine of the pictorial mobility within the theatrical performance, as the theatrical performance is a sign system as well.
The aim of the research, its limits, the definition of terms, and then the procedural definition Semiotics and its concepts.
The mobility of signs in the theatrical performance As for the third chapter, it came in it (the research community and the research sample that was chosen in an intentional way, then the research tool, the research methodology and the analysis of samples)) And finally, the fourth chapter, which contains (conclusions,conclusions, suggestions and recommendations)
(Keywords : transformations , the sign)

This research is concerned with studying (the functional systems of design in contemporary Iraqi painting) and it is located in four chapters. The research problem dealt with how to accommodate the currents of modernity of design thought, such as cubism, abstraction, futurism, surrealism and the Bauhaus school, which represented a fundamental reflection of the aesthetic and functional design data through its interest in the mechanism of looking at the relationship between (art and industry) or (between art, craft and skill) from a new perspective Through it, she re-read the concept of beauty. The contemporary Iraqi painting space, the functional systems of design, are associated with creating aesthetic responses through which the Iraqi painter justifies the design feature in the painting, starting from the state of awareness of the need to give the objective unity to the painting, an aesthetic attention, crystallizing the effectiveness of the patterns The construction and its conformity with the design act were drawings (Jawad Selim, Faeq Hassan, Shaker Hassan Al SaeedMahmoud Sabry, Kazem Haider, Rafea Al-Nasiri, and others) extract the aesthetic frameworks of composition within the traditional and familiar in the means of formulation, and at the same time deepen the rational and emotional tendencies, with geometric and semi-engineering implications subject to a mathematical vision, some of which are rigorous, and accordingly the research problem was determined by the following question: The research has one goal, which is to identify the functional systems of design in contemporary Iraqi painting
As for the second chapter (theoretical framework) it included three sections on the experiences of Iraqi artists in different stages 1. The beginning of the establishment (the stage of the fifties and sixties) 2. The renewal of the stylistic vision (the eighties generation) 3. The crystallization of contemporary experiences
The third chapter was concerned with the research procedures that included defining the research community and selecting the sample of (5) models and analyzing them according to the descriptive analytical approach The fourth chapter included a set of results, the most important of which are :
1.The Iraqi artists worked on the concept and method of crafting the artwork by adopting the design aspect of the artwork by including a group of geometric shapes with lines overlapping each other as in models (5, 4 ) 2.Depicting the Iraqi scenes related to heritage, history and popular symbols and re-engineering them according to the areas of the painting by designing triangles, squares, circles and half-moons, and stressed the importance of the geometric structure of shapes as in models (1, 3, 4 :) set of conclusions, the most important of which are
1. The style of most Iraqi artists during the various experiences of the history of modern art bears geometrical implications stemming from a precise design in the structural form of the artwork, and this came from the desire of contemporary painters to break the stereotype that prevailed previously
2. Rationality in the formation of elements, spaces and lines, and away from the emotional aspect in the formulation of the artwork, which was inspired by the paintings of Iraqi artists, which was also characterized by being loaded with an aesthetic energy by including symbols and popular legacies

The performances of the school theater, with its moral, aesthetic and social goals, are capable of creating a generation that achieves coexistence and harmony with its society within a framework of moral and aesthetic qualities called its emotions and ideas. It also helps instill the values of collective work in the hearts of children. On the growth of the student's educational, cultural and educational wealth.
However, these presentations did not eliminate the problems and obstacles faced by directors and trainers in the completion and communicate the idea to the student clearly, so this research has been concerned with the study (problems of the director's work in the theater theater performances).
The research included four chapters, which included the first chapter: the methodological framework of the research. The research problem included the following question: What are the problems of the director's work in the theater theater performances?
Then the importance of research was revealed in the detection of the most important problems facing the work of the director in the school theater, but the need for it benefit the students of theatrical arts and those interested in the field of theater and theatrical output. The aim of the research is to identify the problems of the director's work in the theater theater performances, to acquaint the workers in the school theater field with my teachers. The limits of the research were limited to the theater performances presented in Basra for the year 2010.
The second chapter deals with the theoretical framework of the research. It includes two sections. The first section deals with a historical story about the school stage, which shows how this theater developed and its importance in building the culture of societies. The most important problems facing the director in the completion of theater performances in schools, and then concluded the chapter, resulting in the theoretical framework of indicators, and previous studies.
The third chapter included the research procedures, namely, the research community, the research sample, the research tool and the research methodology, and one presentation was chosen for the purpose of achieving the research objective.
The fourth chapter: contains the results of the research reached by the researcher
1-The play did not create a suitable environment suited to the content of theatrical text.
2-The movements of the students representatives are not appropriate and appropriate for dialogue, as they were not interacting with the event, and included the chapter on the conclusions, recommendations and proposals and a list of sources of research and review.
Keywords
(Directing the school theater- Director of the teacher-Problems of the school theater-School theater techniques)

The current research adopted the topic (the demise of form and content and its applications, surreal scen
ography), and the four chapters of the research came in the following context:
The first chapter deals with the research problem, which included the question: To what extent is the concept of ephemeral metaphor for form and content and its use in the aesthetic discourse of surreal scenography? I love to close to
The research contained an introduction that includes the products of the concept of the demise of the content form in the surreal scenography, and what this overlap is of great and self-evident importance in delivering the theatrical discourse on its optimal face to the recipient, and the goal of the research was extracted in the following context: revealing the demise of form and content in the surreal scenography. While (the limits of the research were limited to Iraqi theatrical performances and for the stage from (2001-2007), while the chapter concluded with defining the terminology and included the second chapter) the concept of ephemeral in modern technical schools, and the second topic contained the working mechanism of the concept of ephemeral in the scenography of theatrical performance and the third chapter dealt with the research procedures Which included the research community, its sample and methodology, then analyzed the research sample (picnic) and (blood horse), as the researcher analyzed the sample according to the descriptive research method in the style of (content analysis) .
Key words : DEMISE ,THE SHAPE, CONTENT, SURREALISM.

:
The research contained four chapters, the first chapter was concerned with (the methodological framework) including the research problem that was identified by the following question: What is the complementarity of globalization and its working mechanisms in the contemporary Iraqi theatrical performance? And the importance of the research is represented in studying a different topic that has not been previously addressed in terms of the mechanism of its operation in the theatrical performance.
The goal of the research is determind in identifying globalization and the mechanisms of its work in the Iraqi theatrical performance also, the research is determined by the following limits: the temporal limit (2010-2014) and the spatial limit (Baghdad - Babylon As for the objective limit, an integrative study of globalization and its functions in the contemporary Iraqi theater show in terms of structure and embodiment, and the chapter concluded by locating and defining the terms.
The second chapter (theoretical framework) included two sections, the first studied (an introduction to the concept of globalization)followed by the cocept of globalization and its applications in the economy, the market and technology.
The second section (the complementarity of globalization and its mechanisms of operation in the world theatrical performance.) followed by the mechanism of globalization in the world theatrical performance and dealing with the international experiences that showed the integrative works of globalization in these theatrical performances.
The third chapter shows the (research procedures), including the research substance which is consist of (12) theatrical performances presented between Baghdad and Babylon for the period from (2010-2014) in which the integration of globalization was embodied due to the availability of communicative elements and Internet networks, which are an important and complementary part of globalization, as the research sample has been chosen Intentionally which is the play: (photos from my countr).
This chapter also included the research tool and its methodology and then the analysis of the sample.
The fourth chapter was about the results of the research, and the chapter also included the conclusions of the induction followed by sources and references.
Keywords: integrative globalization, theatrical performance, working mechanisms.

The research consisted of four chapters. The first chapter dealt with: The methodological framework of the research, including the research problem, which was summarized by the question (What is the impact of the use of some diverse musical rhythms in developing the mental fitness of theatrical actor?), and also included the importance of the research and the need for it, the research objective and its limits, and the identification of terms, while The second chapter dealt with: The theoretical framework, which included two sections. The first section included (kinetic flexibility and musical activities) and the second topic (mental fitness, its importance and benefits). The third chapter included the research procedures, the population and the sample, in addition to the research tool and its method. The fourth chapter contains results, conclusions, sources and references .
Keywords: kinetic flexibility, mental fitness, theatrical actor

The current study examines the characteristics of violence in children's drawings، based on the idea that violence is one of the bad and repugnant behaviors practiced by individuals towards each other and spread throughout the world، which have received a lot of culture، awareness and psychology، Art is an open space for self-expression and the environment. Children's drawings are the true expression of the thinking machines and the inner feeling they have. And to identify the features of violence that will reflect the feelings and feelings of the child and through the drawings that produce، especially that reflect the violence and fear within himself، which through his portrayal reflects his discomfort or fear of some of the cases he experienced as violence against children or society As a whole. The research included four chapters: The first chapter (the methodological framework of research) included a presentation of the problem of research، which is determined by asking: What are the features of violence in children's drawings? As well as the importance of research and the need for it. The aim of the study is to identify violence in children's drawings. Then display the search limits and end the chapter by specifying terms. The second chapter included (theoretical framework)، which deals with two topics، the first topic (the concept of psychological violence)، and the second (violence in children's drawings). The third chapter includes the research procedures that dealt with the research society. The framework of the study society included (25) artistic works، the research sample (5) works in children drawings، the chapter discussed the research method and the researcher adopted the method of content analysis. Then analyze the research sample. The research concludes with chapter IV، which deals with the findings and conclusions of the research، as well as the recommendations. One of the most important findings of the researcher: a marked presence of political violence of children's drawings. Main conclusions: Draw attention to the role of art in self-expression of situations of violence in societies، including the child's environment. The most important recommendations: It is possible to benefit from the results of the research and the analysis of fees in enriching psychological and educational studies as a treatment of the consequences of the effects of violence