Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences

The study showed that the Zn concentration in the water is (53.4,47.1, 33.1, 12.1)
μgL¯¹ in the four stations respectively .while the concentration of Cd were (11.4,10.4, 10,
9.2) μgL¯¹ in the four stations respectively. Zn concentration was (11.13) μgg¯¹ and Cd
concentration (79.6) μgg¯¹ in the sediments of first station, while the concentrations of Zn
and Cd (100 , 66.4) μg g¯¹ in the second station respectively. The showed that the highest
rates of concentrations of Zn and Cd in the first station in the waters (53.4 , 11.4) μgL¯¹
respectively and the sediment (111.3, 79.6) μgg¯¹ respectively. But the fourth station
showed little bit to these elements during the present period of study, the highest
concentration of Zn in the tissue of gills, liver and kidney in the first station were (111.4
,76.1 ,54.3) μgg¯¹ respectively. while no Sensitivity was observed in four station. kidney
tissue recorded the lowest value levels of those values comparison with the other organs.
The analysis of basic components of the tissues showed the correlation in second station
(0.08%) in the pollution of liver and gills of the fish with Ca and Zn while the fourth station
was less polluted since was weekly correlated with all pollutants.

This study was carried out in private orchard at Abul Khaseeb region in Basrah
Governorate, Iraq, to study the effect of four concentration of urea fertilization (0, 0.2, 0.5 and
1)% Urea by injection on trunk of Date palm, and three cultivars of date palm (Hillawi, Barhi,
Khudrawi), on physical, chemical fruit characteristics and yield properties during Rutab stage
of fruit. This experiment was designed as randomized complete block with three replicates.
The results indicated that rate of increase in fresh weight of whole fruit, pulp and seed, fruit
volume and fruit dimensions were higher in the treatment of injection Urea at 1%
concentration, the total and reducing sugar were reached a maximum value at the Urea
fertilization at 1% in Rutab stage for all cultivars. and the water content it was decreased with
Urea concentration increased, whereas the sucrose and tetra table acidity were not significant
changes with changes level of fertilization injection Urea.

The study was conducted from December 3013 to November 2014, at Al-
Qurna North of Basrah. The study aimed to investigate the diversity structure of fish
communities in the North part of Shatt Al-Arab river. Three stations were selected,
North Qurna, confluence of Al-Sweeb river in Shatt Al-Arab river and at Al-Shaffi area.
Samples were collected by using seine net, fixed net, draft net, cost net and
electrofishing. A total of 18342 fish belonging to 32 species of Osteichthyes relate to
13 families were captured. Cyprinidae is the dominant family, represented by 13
species. The total number of individuals were collected from North of Qurna 2870 fish
consisted of 22 species, 6983 fish fauna from Al-Sweeb comprising 27 species and
8489 from Al-Shaffi belong to 27 species. The highest abundance species in the
collected area were Liza abu, Carassius auratus, Tilapia zillii and Oreochromis aureus
(36.71, 31.55, 9.84 and 5,63% respectively). Diversity index (H) ranged 0.92-1.89,
Richness (D) 0.95-2.59 and Evenness (J) 0.39-0.78 for study area, the entire similarity
52.91% according to Jaccared similarity index.

Field experiments were conducted for two seasons, Spring and Autumn of year
2011 at Basrah town in order to study the effect of foliar application of Fe (0,50 and 100 ppm)
and four levels of Nitrogen (60,100,140 and 180) tan ha-1) which namely: N1,N2,N3 and N4
respective on growth and development of corn crop using RCBD with three replicates,
treatments were arranged with factorial layout. The results showed that there were a
significant variations for all traits under study which are plant height, LAI, 50% male and
female flowering, Number of seed ear and weight of 100 seeds and this led to give higher
grain yield of 5.543 and 4.938 tan ha-1 for spring and Autumn seasons respectively. Also the
study showed that Autumn season gave higher grain yield than Spring season of year 2011.

Lactobacillus bacteria was Isolated from different food samples included banana,
tomato, apple, mandarin orange, cheese, buffalo milk, local yogurt and imported yogurt and
from infant feaces. A Total of 65 isolates were obtained out of 64 food samples, and 11
samples of newborn feaces belong to Lactobacillus spp included 20 isolates of Lactobacillus
acidophilus, 23 isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum, 6 isolates of Lactobacillus casei, 12
isolates of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, 3 isolates of Lactobacillus johnsonii and one isolates of
Lactobacillus helveticus. Detectine of polysaccharides for all obtained bacteria was done .
Results showed that the bast amount of produced of polysaccharide was from Lactobacillus
plantarum while isolated from imported yoghurt (yR5) 0.850 g.L-1 . which, Lactobacillus
plantarum isolated from Tomato (T4) had 0.014 g.L-1 .Results of antioxidant actiivity showed
that the highest activity was belong to Lactobacillus bulgaricus isolated from local yoghurt
(yL6) was 67.51%. which the lower activity was belong to Lactobacillus acidophilus isolated
from local chees (cha2) was 29.1%. compared with the industrial antioxidant (BHT) and α-
tocopherol. with activites of antioxidant was (82.70 and 73.96) % respectively

The present study aimed to prepare film from chitosan by three treatment (D, C
and B) with glycerol plasticizer (without added glycerol,15 and 30%) from weight chitosan
was used to prepare edible film it was also noticed thickness increased film B from 0.044-
0.048 mm the and C from 0.042 to 0.046 mm and D from 0.040 to 0.044 mm and water
vapor permeability values increased from 11.78-13.59 and from 10.32-12.23 and from 10.28-
12.94 g.mm /m2.hr.kpa. the film D, C and B respectively with increased glycerol
concentration whereas tensile strength decrease with increased glycerol added and all films
prepared accompany increase elongation percentage the films prepared but water solubility
the films it increase with increased glycerol added reach for high rate in film D 24.35%.
Effective aggregates also diagnosed chitosan film and at the same time as the thermal
decomposition weighted in which showed several stages film of the disintegration of the start
of the 100 °C and ends at a temperature of 558 °C as the molecular structure of X-ray
appearance of semi- form amorphous film chitosan through the emergence of two peaks at an
angle 2.

A field experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2013 -2014
at kitaiban district east Basrah province location at (15) km from city center . The study
was conducted to study the effect of three levels of foliar application of Iron at three
constructions (0 , 75 , 100) mg.L-1 and three levels of manganese constructions( 0 , 50 ,
100) mg.L-1 on growth and yield of wheat (Iba 99) cultivate . A factorial experiment in
used with the Randomized complete Block design in three Blocks. The results showed
that Iron affecting significantly on all yield component and grain yield . The( Fe2)
level gave the highest spike number per square meter , number of grain per spike , grain
yield and biological yield with a means (430.8 spike.m-2, 45.22 grain .spike -1 , 4.244
Ton.ha-1 , 9.294 Ton.ha-1) respectively. The 1000 grain weight was the highest at( Fe1
and Fe2) levels as it was( 28.02 and 27.66 ) g respectively without significant
differences between them and with significant differences from the control. Adding
manganese levels to significant increase in the Studied traits of wheat yield
component and wheat grain yield .Also The higher level of manganese (Mn2) gave the
highest number of spike.m-2 , grain number.spike-1, grain yield and biological yield of
with means (412.0 spike.m-2 , 43.91 grain.Spike-1, 4.167 Ton.ha-1 and 8.897 Ton.ha-1)
respectively. Whereas the Mn1 level gave the highest 1000 grain of (27.90) gm
The interaction between (Fe2 * Mn2) gave the highest number of spike.m-grain.spike-1,
grain yield and biological yield of (481.0 spike.m-2 , 48.80 grain.spike-1 , 4.367 Ton.ha-
1, 10.090 Ton.ha-1) respectively. The interaction between (Fe1 * Mn1) gave the highest
1000 grain weight of (31.93) gm.

A field experiment was conducted at Al-Qurna site (Basrah Province ) and Al-
Chibiash site of Thi-Qar Province during agriculture season of 2011-2012 to compare five
varieties of wheat (ABO-Ghraib, Al-Latifia, I.P.A.-99, Tamos 2 and local wheat) were used
in this study . The experiment was conducted according the R.C.B.D design with three
replicates. The results showed that the varieties were varied among theme in all characteristics
in clued yield and its components. Abo-Ghraib variety gave highest yield among the varieties
which were 4.52 t/h , and the two sites were differed in their effected in all studied parameters
and reflect in the yield on Basrah site gave the highest yield reached 3.98 t/h. The interaction
between varieties and sites affected significantly on yield and its components and the varieties
grown at Basrah site gave high number of spikes, number of grains per spike and weight of
1000 grain so the Abo-Ghraib variety which grown at Basrah province gave high yield
reached 4.80 t/h.

Leaves primordial of date palm cv. Nersy were used in this study to induce
adventitious buds after being cultured in the lab. Four MS media were used in addition to
sucrose and different concentrations of plant growth regulators, activated charcoal and
adenine sulphates. The results showed the following: Six months later, after being cultured in
the darkness, the induction of adventitious buds from leaves primordial took place on the
nutrient medium containing 3 ml. L-1 cytocynine BAP and 1 mg.L-1 Auxin NAA. When the
adventitious buds were transformed into a charcoal free medium with 1 mg. L-1 of Auxin
NAA and BAP cytokinine and expose them to light, the buds became green. They became
longer when transformed to a medium free of plant growth regulators, with an increase in
adenine sulphate concentration to 50 mg. L-1 with the addition of 150 mg.L-1 of activated
charcoal. Strong roots were formed on the vegetative buds when transformed to rooting
medium supplied by 0.5 mg.L-1 NAA and 250 mg.L-1 activated charcoal