Journal of the College of Education for Girls for Humanities

Since the first noble verses were revealed on the heart of our Prophet Muhammadwas first revealed to the heart of the interpretation, the interpretation began its journey, the Messenger of God is the first interpreter of the Holy Qur’an, then this honor was inherited by the Companions and after them the followers, until God inherits the earth and those on it, and based on this the Muslims legislated Scholars take many paths and follow the best ways in order to find out what God Almighty wills after they prepared for this great work spiritually and morally, and the interpretations have multiplied throughout the area of the Islamic world, and varied in their form and content, and we mean by this the way that each interpreter walked, and the approach that he followed .

The conflict of texts is present in the arena and there must be ways to address it. Therefore, the fundamentalists worked to search for ways to address and deal with these texts. It was logical to present the reader with a general overview to know the way in which contemporary Imami fundamentalist thought deals with the phenomenon of conflict.

This study is concerned with the investigation of a grammatical manuscript entitled (A message of clarification that the verb and the letter are attributed to it) by its author Nizam al-Din Ahmad al-Kilani, nicknamed Hakim al-Malik al-Jilani, and he is one of the greatest figures of the eleventh century AH. This work was organized into two parts, the first part included the study and contains three sections, in the first I talked about the author's life, and the second stage was a definition of news in the terminology of grammarians, while the third stage included a description of the manuscript and the investigation methodology followed. The second part of this study was concerned with the investigated text.

This topic deals with the impact of the presentation and delay in the grammatical guidance of the second martyr Zain al-Din al-Amili (d. 965 AH), and it was found that deviation from the origin of the rank or arrangement often entails a grammatical effect on which a specific legal result is built. The research tried to monitor this phenomenon and how to employ it in the jurisprudential research of the second martyr, and what was observed in the jurisprudential applications of the second martyr was the interest in presenting and delaying whether it resulted in a legal ruling that contradicts the ruling of the original, or agrees with it.

The poetry of Alafwah Alaoudi was filled with a huge number of names of places that gathered in the books of countries and other books of literature. Because they did not find him mentioned in the various sources.The place at Alafwah Alaoudi is characterized by movement, vitality and renewal, so it appears to the eye to be visible when it was blurred and its features were erased by other poets, (The place) bears witness to the defeat of the enemy, his retreat and his flight from the battlefield.

Reception theory is one of the theories that has been given attention by critics; Because it carries a deviation towards the reader, who is the semantic giver of the meaning of the text, as well as being a contributor to the completion of this literary work with its cultures without prejudice to the time in which the text arose. This theory (reception) emerged in West Germany during the late 1960s, and took It resonated in Western literature and Arabic literature alike, and in its course it relied on matters such as the horizon of expectation, spaces and aesthetic distance, as well as its interest in everything that excites the reader and his role in what he adds to the text. , Since the poetic text is one of the texts that has taken its weight in literature in various cultures, so we find it has gained the attention of critics in standing on it and applying this theory with what came of criteria that help to reach effective results.

The reason for choosing this topic was the contexts of repetition in the text of Iraqi poetry between two time periods، to reveal the points of similarity and difference in the way، style، and how the poet presents his text through the phenomenon of repetition، which was focused on in this research. The nature of the research required that the research consist of a preface and our endowment. It contains the most important terms as well as a simplified clarification of the repetition of the modernists and three demands. The first requirement came to study the repetition in the letter and the second requirement included repetition in the word and the third requirement at the level of the phrase preceded by an introduction and ended with a conclusion and proven with sources and references. And our last claim is that praise be to God، Lord of the worlds

Studies dealing with the choice of the drainage system are relatively few because of the complexity and complexity of the research process, and because it is a vital subject that is constantly changing and changing. Hence this study focused on the adoption of foreign trade standards in determining the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar during the period (2004-2017), as measured and calculated foreign trade standards including the criterion of trade openness and commodity concentration and the size of the economy and freedom of capital flows and other criteria including (the size of international reserves International financial integration, monetary authority preferences, and domestic inflation rates). The results of the applications translated into the use of the managed floating system of the Iraqi dinar. Eviews10 and Minitab14 were used to predict the impact of the Iraqi dinar exchange rate on imports and exports

Public expenditures represent a fundamental pillar in the country's general budget and are characterized as one of the most important factors and tools affecting financial performance. The development of these expenditures is linked to state intervention, which is crucial in directing government spending towards other expenditures such as operational and investment. The Iraqi economy is characterized by continuous imbalances as a result of its heavy reliance on oil revenues to finance these expenditures, which leads to an increase in the percentage of extractive industries' contribution to their formation at the expense of the decline in the productivity of the basic economic sectors represented by the agricultural sector, the industrial sector, and the service sector. This was reflected in the failure to achieve economic balance between these sectors, which resulted in a decline in the contribution of these non-oil productive sectors to the gross domestic product, in addition to the spending directions of the existing specialized institutions that have established the non-productive nature of the Iraqi economy and contributed to the deterioration of other commodity industries. Current activity was limited in light of the deterioration in spending on non-oil economic activities, which made the oil sector dominant and the largest contributor to the formation of public revenues necessary to cover public expenditures.

Great Britain in the eighteenth century witnessed many important events that enabled it to dominate vast areas of the world and establish colonies and trade networks, the independence of its colonies in North America after the American War of Independence, the defeat of France in the Napoleonic Wars (1792-1815), and the place it gained The British Navy shifted the British interest towards the island of New Zealand, especially since the English navigator James, drew detailed maps of New Zealand, and wrote about the brutality of the Maori people, and in the wake of the 1830s the British government decided to impose protection and curb chaos in New Zealand and make it a British colony following the Treaty of Waitanki in (1840), according to which British sovereignty was imposed on the North Island, and on the South Island according to the (right of discovery), and many reasons contributed to the occurrence of the British-Maori wars for the period between (1845-1872), especially since they were separate wars; The first was known as the First Taranaki War (1860-1861), and the Second Taranaki War (1863-1866), as well as other wars, which ended with British victory

Yazid Bin Maaouiya's sale was a qualitative shift on various levels that took place in the Islamic State for a number of reasons, including because it is a new method of trading power in Islam, a method that calls for making governance genetic (Family rule) is limited to one family alone, as well as the fact that Yazid's personality was controversial and suspicious, which resulted in the abstention of prominent and important figures in the Islamic society Especially the sons of the adult caliphs who felt it was their duty not to remain silent about such a matter. Some of them not only failed to sell it, but began to profess ineligibility Therefore, stating his defects and qualities that do not fit not only the position of caliph, but also that he does not fit to be a Muslim in the first place, these positions prompted Maaouiya to try to appease them By all means, as some of them, such as Imam Hussein (as) were determined and solid in their position to sacrifice themselves, their children and their followers because they saw that the sale It's not just a word. So the attitudes of the sons of the adult caliphs are worth considering, and that's why I went into her studies.

This study attempts to shed light on the political dimension of culture for Muhammad Tayseer al-Dhabyan in light of colonial domination in Jordan. In the first stage, the focus will be on basic points, the most important of which are the methods and mechanisms of education, and then highlight the role of Muhammad Taysir al-Dhabyan in building a modern society open to the regional and global environment. When he linked the past with its heritage and technical knowledge achievements to the present and the future and established the College of Islamic Sciences as well as other cultural aspects represented by holding scientific conferences, and the matter was not limited to this only, but continued his educational effort, when he was appointed as a member of the Board of Directors of Knowledge, if he paid attention By examining certificates for primary and secondary studies, dividing teachers into grades, allocating monthly salaries to them, and making education free with full sponsorship of students. Thus, Muhammad Tayseer Al-Dhabian is considered one of the men of the Renaissance in the modern Arab world.

The impact left by the religious men working in Islamic societies has become of great importance in changing the behaviors, habits and ideas of those societies in line with the provisions of Islamic Sharia and what the Prophet Muhammed (may God bless him and grant him peace) recommended and the pure imams(may Gods peace be upon them urged) this is what Mr. Muhammed Taqi al- Hussaini al- Jalali has done in bringing about a comprehensive change in all areas of life in all the cities in which he worked as an agent for the religious authority in Najaf, and in particular what he did in the holy city of al-Qasim in bringing about social, intellectual and political changes that are still bearing fruit until today, in addition to his scientific interests in research and writing and the establishment of the religious school in al-Qasim city, as it became the third largest religious school after Karbala and Najaf, these changes led to giving the city a religious character and designing it with the principles of Ahl al-Bayt peace be upon them.

Planning for agricultural development includes all measures that began to increase production in agriculture with the aim of achieving the economic process, which is one of the important matters in directing the process of rural economic development about the measures and measures taken by the government through the curricula and plans that began to work on agricultural output and the real income of the wrong person for a period Long and continuous time. The study area represents one of the areas of the alluvial plain, as it has the natural and human geographical components that made it an agricultural area, and there are also obstacles that reduce the development of the agricultural sector in the region, but these obstacles did not reach the limit that stops agricultural production. It produces many agricultural crops and possesses the ingredients for success, thus making it possible to expand the cultivation of unused agricultural areas.

The international environment is characterized by multiple phenomena, including conflict, wars, peace and cooperation, but the difference in interests and cultures is a constant phenomenon so far, and it produces many confrontations between countries, which may turn into very severe tensions that may turn for various reasons into intense wars. Perhaps the most important of these reasons are the leaders of countries that are not characterized by sufficient wisdom, awareness, and balanced psychological characteristics. Therefore, the chaotic international environment requires, in order to overcome the negative consequences of its interactions, leaders of countries characterized by certain mental and psychological characteristics. Therefore, the international environment is a state of conflict between the secretions of the international social environment and the human being represented by the leaders of states.
Russia has been a major and pivotal country in the international system for centuries and has actively contributed to shaping the international political system since it was European in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries until its transformation into an international system in the last three centuries. Today, however, it is facing multiple crises resulting from its economic fragility, which has negative impacts on its role and international standing. Russia has had multiple strategies and policies towards the strategic regions of the world in an attempt to restore its international role and status in order to have an effective presence at the global level, but it has suffered from not achieving great successes in these areas. Its different interests and political orientations prevented Russia from continuing to join these organizations or to a great cooperation between it and the West.

The research aims to find out the following question:
What is the achievement level of middle school students in the subject of Physics?
To verify the objective of the research, the hypothesis was formulated as follows:
*There are no statistically significant differences at level (05.0) in the achievement of preparatory stage students in physics
In order to achieve the objectives and hypotheses of the research, the researcher adopted the descriptive approach, and five schools out of (30) schools from the secondary and secondary schools affiliated within the Directorate of Education, Babil Governorate - Hilla Center, were randomly selected for girls only, and the research sample amounted to (400) female students out of 2907 From the fifth grade students in the applied and biology branch.
The researcher prepared the research tool, an achievement test of the type of multiple choice, consisting of (40) paragraphs, with four alternatives for each paragraph. Its paragraphs included the six levels of Bloom’s classification, and its validity was verified by presenting it to a committee of expertise and specialization, and finding its stability by the half-part method, as it reached (93, 0) The coefficient of difficulty and discriminatory strength for each paragraph and the effectiveness of the alternatives for the test items were also found.
The results of the research with regard to the level of achievement of the fifth grade students, biological and applied, reached the calculated value (13.879), which is greater than the tabular value of (1.960) and with a degree of freedom (399), which means the difference is statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05).

The present research goals at knowing the impact of teaching with (Wilen & Phillips) strategy in Metacognitive Skills of the students of the second intermediate grade in science.
To achieve the target of the research, The following Null hypothes is stated:" There are no statistical differences at level (0.05) between marks average of experimental group students, who studied according to (Wilen & Phillips) strategy, and the marks average of control group students, who studied according to the traditional approach in Metacognitive Skills.
The Current research was limited in the Second intermediate grade students in The intermediate Schools in AL- Qadisiyah General Directorate of Education for The academic year (2017-2018).
The researcher used the experimental design for community research component of the Second -graders Intermediate Grade , the secondary School (Al- Hassan) was chosen randomly to represent the sample of the research, the research sample was (62) students divided into two divisions, group (B) was chosen randomly to represent the experimental and the number of students was (32) students, and group (A) to represent the control group and the number of students (30) students.
The two groups were equal as far as variations of age, intelligence , the marks of the Mid-year exams.
The researcher specified the scientific subject in the six chapters from the book of science for Second Intermediate Class, Then behavioral aims were designed for these chapters, The number of the behavioral aim were (84), The researcher also set (22) teaching plans for the experimental group and (22) teaching plans for the control group, As far as the tool of the research, the researcher constructed The measurement of the Metacognitive Skills which consist of (36) items, then the validity of the measurement were done.
The final results which come out of the using of the statistical bag of the social sciences (SPSS-22) and the program of ( Microsoft Excel) are the following:
There are statistical differences at level (0.05) between the superiority marks average of the experimental group students, who studied according to (Wilen & Phillips) strategy, and the marks average of the control group students, who studied according to the traditional approach in Metacognitive Skills.
In the light of results of the thesis, the researcher recommended the necessity of using (Wilen & Phillips) strategy in teaching science and do periodical Training for Teachers to show the quality of fulfillment The (Wilen & Phillips) strategy in class behaviors.
The researcher has suggested to make a similar surveys on students samples from other classes, in addition to that there be other variables usage such as: critical thinking, solving problem skills and the ability to make a decision.

The study aimed to suggest criteria for selecting educational supervisors according to contemporary international standards in the Ministry of Education from the point of view of secondary school principals and principals.
The researcher used the descriptive analytical method to fit the study variables, and the study community consisted of secondary school principals and principals in government schools in the Directorate of Education in Dhi Qar. The researcher used the study tool, which is the questionnaire, and it was distributed to the study sample members, which consisted of (66) male and female principals, and he retrieved all the questionnaires.
After conducting the statistical analysis, the study concluded the following:
• The level of secondary school principals' responses to a degree that I strongly (greatly) agree with towards the proposed global standards for selecting educational supervisors.
• There are no statistically significant differences at the level of statistical significance (α = 0.05) between the average responses of secondary school principals and principals towards the proposed international standards for selecting educational supervisors due to the variable (gender, educational qualification, and teaching experience).

The aim of the research was to find out the effectiveness of teaching with the 5WS & 1H strategy in the achievement of the science and thinking of secondary students in the second grade. To achieve the research objective, the following two hypotheses were formulated:
1. There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average grade of the students of the experimental group studied according to 5WS & 1H strategy and the average score of the control group students who studied the traditional method in the achievement test in science.
2. There was no statistically significant difference at the mean level (0.05) among the average scores of the experimental group studied in accordance with the 5WS & 1H strategy and the average scores of the control group students studied in the traditional way in the ascending thinking scale.
The researcher used the experimental design with partial adjustment for two equal groups. According to this design, the researcher chose (Hamorabi medium for boys) to be the research society, one of the governmental day schools affiliated to the Directorate General of Qadisiya Education for the academic year 2018-2019. In variables: temporal age, intelligence, previous biological information, and the measure of thinking. The teaching material was determined in the last three units of the science book for the second intermediate grade. The behavioral objectives of these chapters were formulated with the teaching plans by (24) teaching plans for each group.
The researcher prepared two tools: the first tool (the achievement test), which is the final form of (40) thematic paragraphs of the type (multiple choice) with the four alternatives, and the second tool (the measure of reflection), which is the final version of (36) The three are divided into three components, after extracting their kilometric properties. The experiment was applied at the end of the first semester. The results showed:
1. The experimental group studied in accordance with the 5WS & 1H strategy is superior to the control group studied in the traditional way of collecting science.
2. The experimental group studied in accordance with the 5WS & 1H strategy is superior to the control group studied in the traditional way in the ascending thinking scale.
In the light of the results of the research, the researcher recommended using this strategy in teaching science. He suggested conducting other studies of different stages and subjects to identify the effectiveness of 5WS & 1H strategy in other dependent variables such as (creative problem solving skills, scientific trends, understanding the nature of science and its processes).

Due to the possibility of closing the marriage with the inevitability of life in terms of problems and circumstances that the spouses could reach to the division, divorce was released to be the legal solution to what took place in the law of marriage that did not have steadfastness despite the legal and legal means of preservation and protection surrounding it.
The launch sparked controversy in the corridors of Islamic jurisprudence, but it settled on texts in which the Iraqi Personal Status Lawmaker decided his choices in this regard, and this was what was included in his law (Personal Status Law No. 188 of 1959 amended). To deal with that divinity with clear-sighted texts, but they did not escape from the defect or deficiency we discussed. We seek to remedy this with a set of solutions that we see avoiding what has been mentioned in our personal status law.

The study investigates the accuracy and techniques of translating euphemistic sex-related expressions in the Holy Quran by two culturally and linguistically (in terms of native language) distant translators; Yusuf Ali and John Arberry. Using the qualitative method and in light of al-Mizan exegesis, a purposive sampling of euphemized verses are analyzed to assess the translation of euphemisms. Though, with less equivalence and rhetoric, it is indicated that the euphemistic features of the source text were preserved more in Ali's translations than Arberry’s. This could be attributed to Ali’s Quran-oriented culture and knowledge of Arabic exegeses.