Journal of Al-Farahidis Arts

This research deals with the study of what was abstained from grammatical structures according to Abu al-Fida Imad al-Din, famous for the companion of Hama (d. 732 AH), in his book Al-Kanash fi Fanni Grammar and Morphology, and explaining the reasons that led to the abstention of these structures. I divided the research into three sections, which are: grammatical structures. The abstained in verbs, and the abstained grammatical structures in nouns. As for the third section, I devoted it to various issues regarding functions, letters, and tools.

This research reveals the dimensions of the human psyche of the poets of virginal love in the Umayyad era and sheds light on their imagination of meeting the beloved because it is considered a major requirement in the law of human emotion, and the imagined meeting between loved ones has a more honorable status than any other requirement, especially if there is something that prevents that meeting from occurring, and poetry The virgins are full of emotional images colored with the deepest verses of sadness. The virgins were not to be exhausted by the resolve of their grandfathers with despair and despair, and they did not surrender to the winds of abandonment the sails of their longing, so they resorted most of the time to imagining their meeting with the women they loved when meeting the truth was not possible for either party, and they presented to us wonderful pieces of poetry that were depicted for us. The meeting is like a “poetic” imaginary, as they moved with that poetic figure between time and place at other times, to express that the environmental containers embrace them more than those of their kind. Perhaps this poetic current emerged among the Virginists more than others due to the intensity of their attachment to their beloved ones and their adoption of ways of uniting in the emotional experience that they live and cling to. The limit of madness.

This research aims to identify the linguistic and terminological meaning of intertextuality, and to study the poem of the Jordanian poet Habib Al-Zeyoudi, “This is My Country,” through the types of intertextualities present in it. The researcher found that the poet has high ability and culture; He was able to employ religious, historical, and literary legacies in his poem, making it more cohesive, strong, and beautiful, which is consistent with the general idea of intertextuality. By making the literary text like a mosaic painting, which becomes more beautiful through its use of various types of heritage.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our Master Muhammad Al-Amin and upon his family and companions and those who follow him in righteousness until the Day of Judgment and after:
(What) and its types are among the topics that have concerned students of the Arabic language in general, and students of pre-Islamic poetry in particular. The most famous of its nine types (What) are the interrogative, the connected, the conditional, the infinitive, the accusative, the negative, the superfluous (ma), the kafa, and the ambiguous (What). In the first section, the letter (ma) if it is a noun, then it is (interrogative, conditional, described indefinite article, and non-described indefinite article), but if it is a letter, then it is (negative, infinitive, superfluous, kafa, superfluous, insufficient, and relative) and we derived its material from grammar books in general, He wrote tools in particular, and in the second section we studied the types of (what) in the Mu’allaqah Muro’ al-Qays and their meanings, then I concluded all of that with the most important results.

Time is one of the novelistic elements that critics have paid great attention to, and that interest stems from what the Russian Formalists contributed. Who contributed to the introduction of the element of time into narratives, and then came after them many studies, perhaps the most prominent of which is the study (Benefit), and time is one of the important elements in shaping the novel. The writer used it intermittently between the past and the present because his novel falls between two stories, the first is the Jewish sect and the second is a story. Noura, so the title of my research was (The Temporal Paradoxes of the Novel Atlas of Ezran Al-Baghdadi by the Iraqi novelist Khudair Falih Al-Zaidi). I dealt with the concept of time and the opinions of researchers on it. I also touched on retrieval and anticipation in terms of the concept, citing some examples from the novel (Atlas of Ezran). We also talked about the pause. And the scene.

The collection of Majnun Laila contains chaste flirtation from the beginning to the end, as we rarely find collections by an Arab poet before or after Islam, like our poet (Majnun Laila), who devoted his collection to describing his beloved and flirting with her, and this description can only be of the body, and the subject of the body constitutes a thorny topic in it. There is a lot of complexity and complexity, and the subject of the body has tempted many researchers in their quest for freedom in one of its forms, which is freedom of the body.
Studies have shown that the body is an ancient concept whose treatment goes back to myths in terms of the difference between the body and the body, the body and the body, and others. In Greek thought and medieval thought, man was divided into two components, soul and body, with the first being immortality and the second being fleeting. So interest was in the soul, especially with the Sufis, and the talk about the value of the body was weaker. Because the idea of the body was linked to taboo things such as women and sex, and with the development of thought, modern sciences were able to raise the value of working with the body and knowing its laws, so the concept of the body became the central concept and received great attention in art, literature, poetry, and philosophy.
Our poet was interested in the body and sanctified it outwardly and inwardly. In our research, we talked about the word “body” with its multiple and conflicting meanings, and we mentioned the closest one according to Ibn Manzur’s view in Lisan al-Arab: “The body is the human body alone among all other animals.” Then we talked about culture from its general perspective and what relates to the culture of the body and its overview. A very brief summary of the poet’s life, and after that we worked on two topics: the first: the external dimension of the body, through which we discussed the details of the body and the functions of the body, sensually and descriptively, in relation to the parts of the body outwardly. As for the second topic: the internal dimension of the body, through which we studied the physical sensation, that is, the physical desire, spiritually and mentally, and we cited the two studies contain highly precise poetic evidence, clear meaning and precise expression. Conclusion: The most important results we reached through this research.

The Sulis are one of the literary families that gained great fame in the world of literature, especially prose, in the Abbasid era, due to the fact that its sons were known for their mastery of literature, the art of writing, the quality of writing, and their extensive knowledge of prose writing arts, such as the art of the questioner in its two types: Diwaniyah and Ikhwaniyah, in addition to the art of signatures. Literary literature, the art of saying or literary sayings. Among the most prominent writers of this family are Abu Bakr al-Suli, Ibrahim ibn al-Abbas al-Suli, and Omar ibn Masada. They were called the Sulis after their grandfather (Saul), and these individuals worked as writers for the caliphs and ministers, which gave this family a political and historical status. In addition to the literary status in the first place, we try in this effort to know the literary status of this ancient family and its literary, political and social history, and to know their artistic prose. We also shed light on the lives of its most prominent men who practiced the craft of writing and were among the most famous writers in the Abbasid era, and we look at their literary productions, we try to reveal the most prominent writing arts for which they are famous.

The beginning represents the first nucleus that contributes to furnishing the text, as its narrative elements branch out through fragmented relationships through the interrelation of the subsequent text with a previous text, united by the focus of the narrative body, in addition to the theme of the story that is woven according to the author’s vision to attract the reader and grab his attention, especially the beginning as a narrative technique. The storyteller, Mai Muzaffar, tried to collect her narrative material and weave it into various beginnings that open to the other, to announce herself in the setting of events, and to turn into a visible theme in her stories.
The research was divided into an introduction, four sections, and a conclusion. The introduction included three axes in which the search terms were defined. The first topic dealt with: (initiating with male nouns) and the second topic was labeled: with (initiating with the first-person pronoun “I”), while the third topic dealt with: (initiating with the pronoun “I”). The addressee is “you.” The fourth section deals with: (beginning with the dual pronoun “we”). The conclusion included the most important findings of the research.

Arabic poetry is one of the most prominent cultural manifestations that has flourished throughout the ages, as imagination occupied a prominent place among the faculties of poetic creativity. It is a unique human force that enables us to discover unlimited worlds within our minds. It has the ability to create images, ideas, and perceptions that go beyond the limits of realism. It represents the diversity of... Creativity and the human ability to imagine reality and achieve what does not exist in reality. Through imagination, we are able to monitor the cultural, technological and artistic development of man, meaning that man can be creative and create ideas and images ranging from simplicity to complexity, and from frank realism to wild imagination.

This research included the topic of emphasis in the famous hadith parsing books, such as the book on parsing the Prophet’s Hadith by Al-Ukbari, and evidence of clarification and correction of the problems of Al-Jami’ Al-Sahih by Ibn Malik, and the contracts of the aquamarine on the Musnad of Imam Ahmad by Al-Suyuti. I presented the noble Prophet’s hadith, then selected the evidence in it, and then came up with a conclusion. Or a weighted opinion. This research came to provide a service to the noble Prophet’s hadith.

The study is based on an intellectual and philosophical approach that states that fundamentalism in the Islamic world produces a state of religious reform and Arab-Islamic renaissance at various levels, and that it is a true approach to renaissance and progress, and a path to development. Accordingly, religious fundamentalism in the Arab and Islamic world differs from Western religious fundamentalism or that which takes place in the contexts of Western Christian thought and Jewish thought, and based on these differences, Islamic religious fundamentalism is a product of religious reform and renaissance, or at least that is what the study led from the contexts of scientific research.

In this research, we present the jurisprudence of sales and market transactions through the book Sahih Muslim by Imam Muslim in Al-Sahih University, which researchers and students were interested in, as it contains the most important hadiths that were mentioned in this regard and analyzed according to Islamic law.

The subject of severity and firmness among Caliph Othman bin Affan is one of the important topics that must be studied and its historical merits known. Therefore, Caliph Othman bin Affan is considered one of the Rightly Guided Caliphs who left a great impact on the message of Islam, as he was the third Rightly Guided Caliphs who worked to follow the orders of God and His Messenger after the death of our master Muhammad. He was also the one who helped compile the Holy Qur’an into one Qur’an, and therefore he expresses that Islamic personality as one of the most famous Islamic personalities that requires study. The research dealt with the biography of his name, lineage, nickname, title, and birth, and then talked about assuming the caliphate. Through the Shura Council, and then his death, as well as knowledge of his administration of the city, by clarifying the most important administrative works and divisions in the Arab Islamic state, and explaining the military economic aspect, and the results were reached that Caliph Othman had extensive knowledge of social conditions and a deep understanding of The legal policy of Caliph Abu Bakr and Caliph Omar as an advisor in their caliphate so that he was able to organize the state’s financial resources, sources and knowledge, which led to the development of the economy and a high level of well-being.

Technological developments are an indispensable feature of the current era under any circumstances and an important lifeline on which societies depend in most of their fields. The Internet is one of the most prominent modern technological developments that has given human society a set of benefits that no one can deny, but at the same time there are many negative effects that can be expressed by the term (technology tax). The most prominent of these effects is addiction to the Internet and electronic applications. And the psychological, social, economic and health effects associated with it and resulting from it.
With the spread of the use of the Internet, studies appeared that dealt with the phenomenon of Internet addiction, especially after this network entered many countries and spread in homes and cafes, and the number of its users began to double year after year, so it was necessary for us to look at the matter objectively to examine its negative and positive effects.
The research problem focused on the main question (Are young people addicted to using the Internet and the electronic applications of Al-Sharqiyah Satellite Channel), and several sub-questions branch out from this question:
1. Are young males or females more addicted to the Internet?
2. Are students in scientific or literary majors more addicted?
3. What electronic applications are they addicted to following?
4. What is the goal behind pursuing the Internet and electronic applications?
The importance of the research is summarized in the influence of the Internet, which has begun to outweigh the influence of other media. The importance of the research also came from the importance of the group that is addicted to the Internet and electronic applications, namely young people (university students in particular), as well as the attempt to find a solution to this new type of addiction that has begun to spread and dominate the minds of people. and behaviors (youth).
The research objectives focused on the following:
1. The research aims to identify students’ addiction to the Internet and electronic applications of Al-Sharqiyah Satellite Channel.
2. Which is more addictive, males or females, scientific or literary specialization?
3. Which topics are more addictive, and which electronic applications are most followed by students.
The researcher used the survey method to achieve the research objectives to collect data and information from the sample during a limited period of time.
The most important results reached by the researcher are:
1. The results of the current research showed that most young people (university students), male and female, are addicts because they use it for 10-12 hours a day, which is a long time.
2. The interest of young people (university students) in the Internet and the electronic applications of Al-Sharqiya Satellite Channel varies from the scientific specialization to the literary specialization, as Instagram received the highest viewing rate in the scientific specialization, while in the literary specialization, the Tik Tok application obtained the highest viewing rate.
3. Most young people (university students) are exposed to the Internet and electronic applications in order to spend free time, escape from reality, communicate with classmates, and get away from the pressure of daily life.

The main goal of this research is to uncover the issues of violence against women that were addressed in the talk show (Baksir Ta’) on Al Jazeera satellite channel.
This research is descriptive in terms of type, in which we used the survey approach, adopting a content analysis form prepared for this purpose, and the research community was represented by the program “Biksir Ta’” shown by Al-Jazeera satellite channel, and a sample of its episodes was selected, which were broadcast over a period of time of five months, amounting to a number of (20) episodes presented from 5/26/2021 until 10/6/2021, at a rate of 23 to 25 minutes per week, at 7:30 pm every Wednesday, Baghdad time.

After the great development of social networking networks and their use by large segments of society, especially by young people, and one of the advantages of using these networks is their use in education, this study addressed (the role of Internet applications in providing information services to middle school students). The study was conducted on Ain Zala middle school students. For girls and Al-Nahrain Secondary School for Boys, affiliated with the Al-Shirqat Education Department, using the questionnaire tool to survey information on the entire research population, which numbered (276) male and female students. The most important results of the study were:
1. The percentage of students who use the Internet to obtain information related to their studies from the research community (93.7%) is compared to a percentage (6.35) who do not use it, which is a small percentage compared to those who use it.
2. YouTube leads the rest of the networks in use by middle school students, with a rate of (97.66%).
3. The option (participation in scientific groups) ranked first among the rest of the options that show the nature of students’ use of the Internet, with a percentage of (93.85). The percentage of students who participate in scientific groups was (93.77%).

With the great development witnessed in our current era of the explosion in information and the communication revolution, which has doubled the importance of the media and its roles have increased due to the great improvement and development that has occurred in its means that have enabled it to perform many tasks, and after the technical development in the field of information and communication and the emergence of Internet networks and the subsequent emergence of tools The concept of fake news began to spread and circulate faster and more widely than before, thanks to modern features and technologies in transmitting and sharing information, which made the individual play the role of a journalist in conveying events and what is happening around him and publishing and sharing them on social networking sites, which increased the spread of fake news. And the fabricated ones, and with the emergence of global crises, especially the Corona pandemic crisis, which created a fertile environment for fake news to spread, as social networking sites began to address the topic of the pandemic on all their electronic pages, conveying information about it in an immediate and rapid manner, and individuals’ increased use of these sites to find out information related to it. With this pandemic in terms of prevention or treatment, which made many pages circulate unreal and false information that led to misleading the public in obtaining real information, which called on some of those interested in the issue of fake news to create electronic pages that reveal the fake news spread on social networking sites by referring To the main sources and use modern technologies to detect multimedia fabrication and purify content from them, so that social media sites become free of counterfeiting and fabricated information.
Here, we sought to identify the role played by specialized electronic pages in exposing fake news during crises - the Fatbainwa page is a model, through the main question that was raised in the research problem: What is the role of specialized electronic pages in exposing fake news? The Fatbainwa page is a model. This study is considered one of the descriptive survey studies. In which the content analysis tool was used to analyze the fake news that was presented on the study page, which amounted to (222) news within the period specified by the researcher from (3/21/2020 to 3/21/2021) according to the comprehensive inventory method and using the intentional sample.

The family in general, and the Iraqi family in particular, were exposed to structural changes through the adoption of new values, and with the increased opportunities for friction facilitated and provided by means of communication and social networking, which turned the world into something more like a small village. This change can be observed in its construction and thus was reflected in its functions, as well as the change in internal and external family relations. Given the importance of the family and its role in society, which is considered a basic building block of the formation of society, and is the intermediate link between the individual and society, through which the customs and traditions of society are transmitted to individuals, through a process Socialization In addition, it is necessary to understand the changes to which the family has been exposed and to determine their positive and negative effects, through what has been addressed by theoretical trends in the field of sociology, represented by the ideas and opinions put forward by the thinkers and supporters of each of these trends. Therefore, our research is nothing but a sociological attempt to study the family and what it has led to in our present time and what is the reason for these changes, according to postmodern thought represented by the ideas of the scientist Sigmund Bauman, author of the Fluid Collection. Therefore, we tried to explain and understand the family in light of the concept of fluidity proposed by Bauman, which indicates that the family was living in a solid, cohesive, interconnected state governed by customs. Traditions and their intimate relationships are devoid of interests, but as a result of various factors, including the means of communication and social networking, they have transformed from solidity into a liquid state in which the customs, traditions, cohesion and interconnectedness that used to bind its members have dissolved, and its relationships have turned into superficial interests, and the family’s fluidity has continued until it has penetrated its privacy, which in the past was solid and difficult to penetrate.

The searcher has counseled his search study (two cosmic phenomena moon and sun eclipse and their effect in audience) the researcher has adopted these two cosmic phenomena in order to impact nice effect of the audience in order to penance and replacement Allah (Glory Be to Him).

This research is concerned with the verbal similarities in Surat Al-Zumar, and talking about them in terms of: defining the verbal similarities, its importance, and benefits, and an introductory overview of Surat Al-Zumar that includes: the name of the surah, its Meccan or Medinan date, the order of its revelation, the number of its verses, the reason for its revelation, its virtues, and its purposes and objectives. Studying verbally similar verses in the Surah and directing them.
The research included an applied study of the verbally similar verses in Surat Al-Zumar by identifying the verses under study, reviewing the sayings of the authors of the verbally similar books, and their interpretation and guidance.
The research aims to highlight the efforts of the authors of books of similar pronunciation and interpretation in directing similar verses in the Surah, identifying verses similar in pronunciation, extracting them, and carrying out their study and guidance.
In this study, the researcher used the descriptive approach based on induction, analysis, and deduction.
The results of the research concluded that: Surat Al-Zumar was not devoid of verbal similarities, as it was found in six places, and that the verbal similarities in the Qur’an are: Qur’anic verses that are verbally identical in one topic, or with differences in their arrangement, and that the Qur’anic comma only comes to serve the meaning. As the study reported, there was a wide disagreement among scholars regarding the letter (waw), which appears in the Almighty’s saying (and its doors were opened) on several sayings, so it was said: present, and it was said: for conjunction, and it was said: superfluous, and it was said: the eight waws, and it was most likely that it is present, And there are places of verbal similarities in Surat Al-Zumar that were not mentioned by anyone who wrote about verbal similarities or interpretation, according to my study, such as the Almighty’s saying: (They Cry Out to Their Lord) With the singular pronoun, and his saying in the other verse: (They Cry Out to Us ˹Alone˺) With the plural pronoun, some authors of Qur’anic rhetoric books mentioned it.

The study aimed to identify proposed educational foundations to activate the role of Arabic language teachers in instilling educational values among middle school students in Iraq. By answering the study’s questions, the study population consisted of all Arabic language teachers in the Salah al-Din Education Directorate, who numbered (300) teachers. And a school. A random stratified sample of (75) male and female teachers was selected for the Arabic language subject. A questionnaire was developed based on the theoretical framework and previous studies. The validity of the study tool was verified and appropriate statistical treatment was performed. The study concluded the following: the presence of statistically significant differences (= 0.05) in the fields of study according to gender and the absence of statistically significant differences (= 0.05) in the fields of study according to academic qualification and the absence of statistically significant differences (= 0.05) in the fields of study according to the variable years of experience. The study recommended the need to emphasize to instill educational values in students, to be a feature of their personality and part of their makeup, through curricula, activities, and various teaching and evaluation methods.

It is indeed hard to render the anomalous texts which imply an ellipted negator from Arabic into English. The main task of the text recipient, i.e. especially the translator, here, is to set all his/her energy to detect such negator to work out the communicative (pragmatic) meaning. Then, s/he will be able to render the text pragmatically. Actually, the pragmatic anomaly usually takes place due to the violation of one or more of the Gricean maxims. The present paper hypothesizes that the maxim of relation is the one which is very often violated. When the negator is deleted, the text becomes anomalous since cohesion cannot be attained. The paper aims at finding effective solutions for such anomalies in Arabic texts to distinguish between what may or may not be anomalous in the same text. The present paper also verifies that the violation of any maxim could result in pragmatic anomaly. Thus, these slippery areas of anomalies should be grasped properly to produce appropriate renderings. So, the ellipsis of any lexical item in the text can distort the intended message considerably and it becomes even more complicated if the ellipted word is the negator (لا).

To read John Dryden\\'s Mac Flecknoe one may get the impression that the poem has been written spontaneously or quickly. This impression comes from the fact that the poem is very clear in its language and consequently easy to understand. This easiness is misleading. What seems easy and simple at the service hides very hard work and a complex web of relationships at the bottom. The allusions represent an obstacle in front of one\\'s full understanding of the poem. Therefore, the poem requires a literate reader to understand the poem since some historical, religious, and mythological allusions cannot be understood unless one has been acquainted with their meaning. Thus, the seeming easiness and simplicity hide a lot of difficulties and skillful work. Dryden had worked hard to conceal art with art. He used all his artistic skillfulness to hide the hard work and the great effort he had exerted in writing the poem. He used his mastery of the art of poetry to make the poem seem simple and easy in terms of tight construction and sound language, elegant diction, and the great ability which made him accurate and precise in his expressions. Here, the power of the poet\\'s tools and the extent of his superiority appear.
This study aims at showing Dryden\\'s great effort in writing the poem despite the apparent simplicity, this can be seen through the poet\\'s use of various stylistic aspects and his adherence to neoclassical elements.

The main problem that the translators face is the cultural difference between the two languages. this study is clarified the significance of stylistics, as a well-known literary phenomenon, and its effect of the cultural differences.
The study aims to investigate translation difficulties that encounter literary translators due to cultural and stylistic features when translating literary texts. The findings of the study revealed that literary translators encounter serious problems when translating literary texts because of differences between cultures and beliefs. In the light of the findings of the study, the researcher recommends that literary translators should have a good grasp of literary genres in both languages and they should consider both cultural and linguistic elements.

This research focuses on how the portrayal of a gender crisis, whether actual or imagined, necessitates and necessitates a revision of gender identity. Specifically, it examines "Reason to be Pretty" and "Reason to be Happy" by Neil LaBute. This paper will concentrate on a particular theoretical formulation of gender present in each play. The drama depicts an instantiated gender that does not allow for the renegotiation or reestablishing of traditional masculinity and femininity. The second chapter addresses the characters' attempts to renegotiate their sexist male identity in Reasons to Be Pretty and Reason to Be Happy. Greg's desire for reform and ability to retool his subjectivity creates the possibility of either genuine improvement or a more subtle manipulation and oppression of the feminine gender. The author explores the same characters in two plays at different dates and locations. Through this study, LaBute demonstrates how the American culture is preoccupied with outward appearances, be they beauty or external happiness.