Journal of Al-Farahidis Arts

This research talks about the reasons for naming in Al-Farabi's Diwan Al-Adab dictionary. I followed the descriptive inductive method, so I collected the words. Then I studied these names by mentioning them, then the lexical statement of the reasons for naming each word, then the linguistic rooting of the word lexically, then the Quranic rooting of the word if it exists. The research also relied on the alphabetical order in presenting the words.

In this research, we have collected and investigated the poetry of a poet who is obscure under the rubble of the pages of the past, and even mentioned the details of his life from scarce sources, and only a small amount of it was mentioned; therefore, we sought to collect and investigate his poetry; so that it would see the light after the darkness and long abandonment; in addition to that, our poet grew up in an era rich in knowledge, scholars and writers, and among those literary productions was his poetry recorded in the book “Khuraidat al-Qasr” and "Jaridat al-Asr" by Imad al-Din al-Isfahani, which we aimed to collect and investigate; to convey a glowing image of the Mamluk era, which received little attention and care, and to be a study project for researchers and scholars.

The title is one of the artistic techniques employed by the poet Ayham Al-Abbad in drawing his poetic images, and this is due to the effective impact of this technique in enlightening the poetic text.
Thus, I found (the title) to be one of the important modernizing steps taken by the modern Arabic poem; it has witnessed remarkable prevalence in modern poetic experiments; hence, the title has taken on a dominant construction and a clear presence in the modern poem.
This study reveals the main and secondary titles that suggest the content values of the poetry collection.
The value of this research lies in accessing the locations of the title thresholds and textual keys with an in-depth analytical reading that explores the depths of Ayham Al-Abbad's creative experience.

Honor is an important aspect of beauty in the Arabic language and an important phenomenon of Arabic grammar that our research has studied. It is a prominent topic in the grammatical study, its locations are multiple in the Arabic grammatical works, and its manifestations are repeated in more than one grammatical topic, as will come during the research.
The importance of the research comes from the fact that it studies a phenomenon that unveils prominent topics in the grammatical study that were distinguished and were the origins from which the rulings branched out, and the starting points on which the rules were founded, and their texts were built, and their materials were rulings, and grammatical reasons and evidence The research methodology required that it begin with an introduction in which I explained the importance of the topic and the method of dividing it. Then I paved the way for its material by clarifying the concept of honor, its meanings in the language, and its technical definition as an introduction to the basic material of the research, in which I dealt with: (expressions indicating honor), (reasons for honor in the grammatical lesson), and (manifestations of the phenomenon’s presence in the grammatical lesson), followed by a conclusion that included the most important results of the research, and a list of the research sources and references.

This study aims to examine the structural patterns of events in autobiographical texts, as a modern literary genre that has its literary status among narrative arts; as it is based in essence on awakening broad horizons of systematic thinking by linking personal past experiences with literature, as this art is based on the overlap in its narrative structure on a group of intertwined relationships between multiple types of literary arts and their representations at the same time. The study of the patterns of constructing events in contemporary Iraqi texts by Iraqi writers who recorded their lives, memories and personal experiences as (autobiography) comes due to its importance and its need for examination, treatment and an attempt to shed more light on this narrative genre; as it has rarely been subjected to research, discovery and critical examination, in order to identify the mechanism of the flow of events in it and to reveal the types of patterns on which Iraqi literature built its biography.
For this reason, this mechanism that reveals these structures was chosen due to its revealing power about the aesthetic vision and creative characteristic that the text enjoys.
The research came in axes represented by the types of subjective systems of the event from which the Iraqi autobiography was formed and the ability of Iraqi literature to diversify in presenting events. The research revealed those systems, which are (the sequence system, the overlap system, the inclusion system, the alternation system, and the circular system). It was preceded by an introduction that reveals the basic foundations in constructing the event and its importance in the autobiographical text.

The religious cultural reference is one of the most important cultural references because it is closely related to the human being in general and the writer in particular. The religious cultural reference is also one of the most important sources from which Arab writers have drawn; as it represents the intellectual aspect of the Arab-Islamic civilization. The study of the religious cultural reference is through showing the religious culture spread within the literary work, through a group of quotations, suggestions and references, especially with regard to the verses of the Qur’an and the hadiths of the Prophet or what is related to the places and religious figures rooted in the culture of the society.
This research will be limited to studying intertextuality with the Holy Qur’an and intertextuality with Sufism in the poetry of Najman Yassin because of the clear indications and suggestions spread in many of his poetry collections that he wrote over more than four decades.
The research dealt with studying the reference and culture in language and terminology, and their concept in general, and intertextuality, which is one of the most important terms related to this religious cultural reference, and then determining its manifestations in the poetic texts, and clarifying its formation and importance in the texts through analyzing various poetic models, and in multiple poetry collections issued by the poet.
At the end of the research, we reached many conclusions, the most important of which is that the intertextuality with the dictionary of the words of the Qur’an is clear, especially the mention of the beautiful names of God, in addition to the availability of the Sufi dictionary in his poetic texts, and in many cases their overlap through the poet’s influence by the Sufi experience. In addition to that, the phenomenon of rejection was observed in his poetry.

This research aims to identify the nature of electronic advertising on social media sites and the extent of the audience's interaction with it on the one hand, and the services this type of advertising provides to the consumer and the support it provides for electronic marketing on the other hand.
The research targeted a random sample of the audience exposed to electronic advertising on social media sites, where an electronic form was distributed to (250) individuals as a sample for the research by publishing and distributing it electronically on three electronic commercial sites that broadcast their advertisements via social media sites, with (100) forms on the (Amazon Iraq) page and (75) forms on each of the (Fallujah Open Market and Erbil Open Market) pages.
The research included three main topics, the first of which represents the methodological framework of the research, while the second topic discussed the nature of digital advertising and its types, and the third topic reviewed the most important results reached by the research by presenting, analyzing and interpreting the results.
The research problem was represented by the following main question (What is the nature of electronic advertising on social networking sites and what is its role in the marketing process?), and the research objectives were determined by a number of points, the most important of which were (knowing the motives and goals achieved by electronic advertising on social networking sites and knowing the extent to which electronic advertising contributes to changing consumer purchasing convictions).

The problem was formulated in a major question, which is: What are the news frameworks that the Iraqi newspaper Al -Sabah adopted in dealing with the issue of the Green Zone protests 2022, and the associated events?
The research sought to achieve several goals; Including: Explaining the extent of the interest of Al -Sabah newspaper in dealing with the issue of protests in the Green Zone 2022, and its related events, and to identify the position of Al -Sabah newspaper on the issue, as well as introducing the news frameworks that the newspaper had employed in highlighting the issue of the Green Zone protests 2022.
This research is one of the descriptive research projects that adopted the survey approach for an intentional sample of (24) number, for a period of 1/8-30/8/2022, and resulted in the analysis of (46) news materials, according to the content analysis form, as a systematic tool.
The research reached several results and conclusions, the most important of which are:
1. Al -Sabah Al -Sabia newspaper achieved - to some extent - in dealing with the issue of the Green Zone protests 2022, and its related events; She paid attention to the issue, and expanding the coverage of the related events that extend - sometimes - to more than one page, including various opinions within specific axes, involved in multiple views, and due to various intellectual references at the two levels (local and international) in the manner that achieves Balance in the case display, and the associated events.
2. The predominance of the political and legal nature on the foundations adopted by the Al -Sabah newspaper in conducting the causal evaluation and interpretations in dealing with the issue of the Green Zone protests 2022, and the related events, due to the association of protests with the political demands related to the formation of the government that needed legal support; Due to its implications for issues assigned to the law and the constitution, including the dissolution of Parliament, the holding of early elections, and the amendment of the Parties Law.
3. Al -Sabah newspaper sought to calm down in addressing the issue of protests and the events related to it, as it highlighted the issue in multiple news frameworks, foremost of which was the framework of the dialogue that included calm and calling for dialogue by inviting the division to sit at the same table, and bringing views, and reaching treatments that end the protests and form the government, while the conflict framework came second.

The scales changed with the emergence of the media, as the Israeli occupation government adopted a new form of propaganda based on soft power in reversing and framing facts, in order to influence Palestinian public opinion, by simulating their emotions and needs.
One of the prominent experiences in this regard is Israel's exploitation of the media to complete its propaganda operation in the world in general and in the Middle East and Palestine in particular; In order to establish itself as a state with its origins in the region, and in order to enable its occupation of Palestine. Before the emergence of the media, field clashes were the main way that brought the Palestinian together with his Israeli enemy directly, but after the emergence of the media, there became another medium that brought together the Palestinian people with the Israelis, whether they were individuals, leaders, commands or institutions, and this in turn created a new arena for this conflict that was based primarily on soft power.
The Israeli occupation has practiced various forms of violence and oppression against the Palestinian people in order to control the Palestinian land, exclude the Palestinians from their land, and steal their property. In addition to beating with iron and fire, Israel has used propaganda directed towards the Palestinians in particular since the occupation of Palestine and even before that, which in turn was based on intimidation and inciting fear and terror.
This research mainly discusses the propaganda contents towards the Al-Aqsa Flood operation that the Times of Israel website adopted to the world and the incitement of public opinion towards this operation and the Palestinian people in particular, and the sources and goals behind these contents, as well as the transformations that the media made in these contents, and its future and results on the ground:
1. The results of the research showed that the Israeli occupation used various propaganda methods to serve its goals through the (Times of Israel) website, so it worked to attract the recipient by focusing on social needs and desires by (46%), so we see that in light of the Palestinian citizen’s suffocation from the Israeli authority, and the low standard of living, it focused on his need for a safe and good job opportunity, and his need for freedom and easy movement, and that what the operation produced The Al-Aqsa Flood is a purely terrorist act, according to their claim, knowing that the real reason for this operation is primarily and fundamentally the Israeli occupation, and that the state of closure is primarily due to this occupation and its actions against Palestinian citizens.
2. The research results showed that other categories of propaganda were ranked in order, including political, economic, and religious to a lesser extent.
3. The research results showed that the analysis showed that the propaganda discourse that was directed through the "Times of Israel" website took a positive direction in most of the analysis samples, where its percentage reached (75%).
4. The results of the study showed that the promotional publications of Israeli propaganda were linked to goals that reached (42%) in order to influence the largest possible number of the public to achieve what they want.

The research aims to reveal the impact of the role of social media sites in its three dimensions, the needs dimension, the motives dimension, and the field dimension, on promoting substandard content - reel clips as an example. The study followed the descriptive approach, as the research population was users of social media, especially those who follow reel clips, and the sample included the study included 252 people, and the research used a questionnaire tool, which was divided into three axes, the first related to demographic variables, the second to the dimensions of the role of social networking sites, and the third to promote substandard content - reel clips. The results showed that the overall variable of the role of social networking sites in general had a positive, significant impact on Significance level (0.05) in the variable of promoting substandard content - reel clips. As for the dimensions separately, the results showed that the role of social networking sites has an impact responsible for promoting substandard content at a rate of 54.1% for the motives dimension, 6.9% for the domains dimension, and 0.8 % due to the dimension of needs, and this research recommended the necessity of working to confront degrading content at the individual level by spreading awareness, and at the state level by enacting appropriate laws while preserving freedom of expression.

The importance of this research lies in providing scientific facts about the role of electronic news websites in enhancing women's political participation and clarifying the challenges that affect this participation. It also contributes to guiding officials to develop policies and programs that enhance women's empowerment.
This research aims to identify the role of electronic news websites in empowering Iraqi women to participate politically in light of the rapid digital transformations and political developments in Iraq.
This research is classified as descriptive research, and the survey method was used based on the questionnaire tool, as it was designed according to the research questions and objectives, and contained four axes.
The research community was represented by Iraqi women who use electronic news websites, and the (intentional) sample was used to reach the research results, and the sample size reached (100) individuals, and the researchers relied on the theory of (reliance on the media) as it is the most appropriate theory for conducting the research.
Among the most prominent results that were reached:
1. The results revealed that (50) of the sample members, at a percentage of (50%), (always) rely on electronic news websites to obtain political information.
2. The results indicated that (59) of the sample members, with a percentage of (26.45%), search for (news) when using news websites.
3. The results showed that (18) of the sample members, with a percentage of (18%), depend on (Alsumaria News website) to obtain political information.
4. The results related to the available means to enhance the role of news websites in empowering Iraqi women to participate politically showed that all paragraphs had arithmetic averages for the research sample estimates with high agreement, which is evidence of the impact of news websites on Iraqi women and their political empowerment.

The research revolves around identifying the role of television programs in analyzing issues of social dissolution and combating crime. Through an applied study, the study tool was a questionnaire distributed to a random sample of 485 Iraqi citizens. The study concluded that there is a statistically significant correlation between television programs and combating crime. The study recommended paying attention to increasing the quantity and quality of television programs that address societal issues, while working to raise the level of citizens’ awareness to confront issues that may affect society, while working to activate laws that enable combating crime and eliminating everything related to social dissolution.

This study examines the reflection of Iraqi newspapers' treatment of women's rights violations on social values. The research problem revolves around answering the following main question:
What are the reflections of journalistic treatment of Iraqi women's rights violations on the readers of Iraqi newspapers for the researched lecturers in Iraqi government universities? Thus, the research aims to: Identify the reflections of journalistic treatment of Iraqi women's rights violations on the readers of Iraqi newspapers for the researched lecturers in Iraqi government universities. This study is classified as a descriptive study in terms of type, and the survey method was adopted. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which are the following:
1. The interest of the researched lecturers working in Iraqi universities in the subject of the research constituted a degree of importance in their reading of Iraqi newspapers amounting to (70%) and at a (good) level, with a weighted average of (2.1) out of three ranges that determined the level of their reading of Iraqi newspapers. The (sometimes) category topped the range classification with a percentage of (80%).
2. The results of the study revealed that the Iraqi (official) newspapers were the most followed newspapers by the respondents from the teaching staff working in Iraqi universities, followed by the (independent) newspapers and then the (partisan) newspapers according to their relative representation in the sample, as the official newspapers that deal with the topics of violations of the rights of Iraqi women constituted the highest percentage, amounting to 58%.

The research dealt with the frameworks and mechanisms of journalistic treatment of political issues in electronic news newspapers and their reflection on the Iraqi audience in the Iraqi Al-Sabah newspaper and the Saudi Al-Sharq Al-Awsat newspaper, and the manner in which this topic was addressed in the two research newspapers. In light of the importance of this topic, the researcher defined her research problem with the following main question: \"What are the frameworks of journalistic treatment of political issues in electronic news newspapers and their reflection on the Iraqi audience\".
This research is considered one of the descriptive research projects that adopted the survey method, which allowed the use of questionnaire and scale tools to analyze and know the reflection of political issues of electronic newspapers on the Iraqi audience, through the use of a questionnaire distributed over (400) simple random samples that included the audience of \"Baghdad City\" to obtain the largest possible limitation of the study community. The research reached the most important results, the degree of following the Iraqi audience of the study sample for (Al-Sabah Iraqi Newspaper) electronic came in first place and was generally high with an arithmetic average of (2.3400). While the degree of follow-up of the study sample of the (Saudi Asharq Al-Awsat) electronic newspaper came in second place and was generally average with an arithmetic mean of (2.1375), the research revealed that \"electronic news newspapers\" topped the list of sources through which the study sample obtained news with a percentage of (90.25%), in addition to (the Iraqi Al-Sabah newspaper) achieving first place among the study newspapers in terms of its degree of credibility, as the general trend of the Iraqi public\'s approval of it was high with an arithmetic mean of 2.6775, while (the Saudi Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper) came in second place among the study newspapers in terms of its degree of credibility, as the general trend of the Iraqi public\'s approval of it was generally high with an arithmetic mean of 2.4700.

There is no doubt that there are many crises and problems that threaten many countries, especially Third World countries, with cracking and collapse. One of the most controversial and dangerous crises is national identity, as it is considered responsible for the common feeling among the members of one society that they are distinct from other societies. Iraq is among the main countries that have suffered from this crisis since the establishment of the modern Iraqi state in 1921 until the present time, and to varying degrees from one era to another. The secret of the existence of the rulers who succeeded to rule Iraq became linked to playing on the chord of this problem. The matter got worse after the British and American occupations, during which those occupying countries did not hesitate to stir up problems among the basic components of Iraqi society, which are basically suffering from latent symptoms and psychological, social and political accumulations that were detonated under several names that made the country ready to lose most of the ties and bonds that were sealing its cohesion and solidarity, and the fragmentation of its social fabric. Statements and developments have multiplied regarding the division or unity of Iraq, and it seems that they are based on an inaccurate distinction between the state and society. The unity of Iraqis is embodied in the fabric of their social relations, in the culture of tolerance derived from religion, shared experience, respect for neighborliness, and feelings of belonging to the land and history. As for the state, to the extent that it has succeeded in building national institutions, it has also largely failed in creating a comprehensive national culture that establishes a solid foundation for a national identity, and therefore it has always been subject to criticism.