Journal of Al-Farahidis Arts

This research seeks to study the phenomenon of repetition and its patterns in the poetry collection \\\\"The Salt of Iraq is a Trust in My Provisions\\\\" by the poet \\\\"Ghazai Dira\\\\' Al-Ta\\\\'i\\\\", a phenomenon that gives the poetic text a semantic and aesthetic value that clearly contributes to establishing the structure of the text, especially since it reflects through its connotations the poet\\\\'s emotional and psychological state within the folds of the poetic text. In this research, we followed the descriptive and analytical approach through which we show the expressive connotations and artistic stimuli behind this phenomenon. The research was divided into an introduction, a preface, and six chapters. In the introduction, I explained the reason for choosing the text and the research plan. The preface included \\\\"the semantic stimulus of the title\\\\". In the first chapter, I studied \\\\"the repetition of letters\\\\". The second chapter dealt with \\\\"graphic repetition\\\\". The third chapter addressed \\\\"the repetition of the beginning or introductory\\\\", the fourth chapter employed \\\\"the repetition of the conclusion or ending\\\\", the fifth chapter presented \\\\"the repetition of proximity\\\\", and the sixth chapter carried \\\\"the repetition of derivation\\\\". The research ended with a conclusion and a list of sources and references.

The vocative is a person that the poet evokes in the text to embody and express turbulent feelings, feelings that range between sadness, joy, pain and complaint. His presence in the text contains artistic and aesthetic motives that carry cognitive and pictorial values. The research was based on an artistic textual study of the forms of the vocative’s presence in the text of Al-Muhalhil bin Rabi’ah, which varied between an imaginary vocative and a real one. The poet used them to create a social psychological context rich in intense feelings. He produced his text within the framework of an interactive social and cultural structure to achieve a form of effective communication that has the ability to influence the audience, especially since the vocative is a form of communication and understanding. The formation of the vocative scene is subject to the authority of his social status, whether imaginary or real, and with the linguistic and intellectual means necessary for persuasion.

Praise be to God, and prayers and peace be upon the Messenger of God, his family, his companions, and those who follow him. After that:
This research studies the grammatical conditions of Al-Ra’ini in his explanation of Ibn Mu’ti’s Alfiyyah, which the reader may use to clarify what is difficult for him in parsing the words of the Arabic language in the dual and the sound masculine plural. As for dividing the research, I divided it into two sections: The first included: the general conditions in the dual, and the second: the general conditions in the sound masculine plural, then I concluded it with the results.

The Arab poet uses the technique of seduction as a rhetorical technique that contributes to improving and perfecting the poetic statement in order to broadcast it and intend to spread it, and thus this technique is widely known in Arabic literature. It is useful to say: Arabic poetry is lyrical or narrative poetry, and therefore this technique is very useful for the lyrical and narrative structures. Seduction is considered one of the rhetorical techniques; as the poet gradually progresses in the event, he narrates to reach a point where he achieves surprise, astonishment and amazement for the reader.
Seduction in the poetic poem is concerned with the development and growth of the event, and it occurs especially in those poems that are characterized by multiple purposes in one poem, as they bear the features of seduction, and the question worth asking is: Did the poet Katheer Azza rely on the technique of seduction in his poetry?

This study aims to shed light on the efforts of modernists, specifically the efforts made in developing the language that produced for us a number of different terms in modern linguistic studies; and because the ambiguity in it still constitutes a barrier between it and the general concepts and rules established by scholars, this study came to standardize the meanings of these terms, and to define them to remove the ambiguity and know their purposes; because all fields of science need the science of terminology, through which the purposes and rulings, and the doctrines of scholars, are known, and theories are translated, and from here it becomes clear that the study of terminology is one of the most important studies.

The research initially enters the circle of criticism of criticism when it deals with a group of critical studies on the novel “Black Music” by Najman Yassin, which is an autobiographical novel in which the self-narrator recounts his experience with the American occupation of Iraq, where he spent a period of time detained in the prisons of this occupation. The novel depicts the process of detention and the cruel, inhuman torture of the character (the narrator, the hero, the main character). The novel was subjected to a group of readings, approaches, and articles that he collected in a book that he prepared and presented entitled “Anthem in Hell,” which was collected and presented by “Dr. Muhammad Najman Yassin.”
Our research dealt with these readings, approaches, and articles with criticism and methodological treatment in light of the general and specific narrative paths of the novel. We tried to place what belongs to the category of the celebratory critical article, which is the most common, in a special part of the research, and to place only two studies in another part dedicated to critical discourse, due to the importance of such books that require a critical review of the critical opinions they contain within specific methodological and critical controls. We tried to subject each article or reading to a careful examination of what it presented and what it reached in terms of results on the level of the concept of novel criticism.

The importance of the research lies in that it sheds light on the beauty of the image in Ibn al-Abbar's poetry, which is a rich material in similes, metaphors and metonymies. The search was conducted for the places of beauty, strength of expression and clarity of meaning. The importance of this research is evident in that it is a study prepared according to rhetorical considerations, as this appears in shedding light on the beauty of the image in the rhetorical lesson and identifying the features that made a creative text rich with dynamic connotations and aesthetic features that take it out of the static language at its rhetorical level to expressive horizons that give it the quality of uniqueness and creativity, and highlighting the aesthetic values through analysis and description of images in Ibn al-Abbar's poetry, who was creative in his use of simile in his poetry and he used it well in his various poetic purposes, including praise, love, pride and other purposes. If the scholars had dealt with simile alone, simile would have been sufficient for the study. As for metaphor, it had a large share in Ibn al-Abbar's poetry, as he has images that are established and built upon in his poetry, as they are the most important tools of depiction. The self has received great attention in formulating the image and reshaping the linguistic pictorial structure. Partial images cannot show the lines of the image, as each image completes its sister, like a brick in a building.

The study aims to reveal the issues and content that Al Jazeera and BBC podcasts aim to show, as global and Arab satellite channels have been interested in refining podcasts and employing them in the field of news coverage of global events, including political, social, cultural, and historical events, by shedding light on topics and issues, researching them, and analyzing their aspects, which helps the listener build a clear picture of all the events and issues that interest him, as it arranges the audience’s priorities according to the events and provides him with information and data that give him a picture to understand the events. In this research, we focused on the news coverage in Al Jazeera and BBC podcasts of the Zionist aggression on the Gaza Strip; It was found that podcasts in both institutions have a role in news coverage by hosting political and security figures specialized in events, especially since podcasts are an important interactive news platform that played a major role in covering events in Gaza, which provided the public with a wider space to understand the issues and daily events that Gaza is exposed to as a result of the Zionist aggression, especially since the nature of news podcasts can target various age groups and may be specific from listeners according to the nature of the news content presented, which makes it a powerful media outlet and an effective tool in conveying information and news, especially since the media has taken podcasts as a platform or space to publish issues that concern the public, and it has become more interested and interactive with the public through the advantages it enjoys, especially since it has become a tool for documenting stories that happen to people, in addition to being a means of reaching decision-makers, encouraging listeners and contributing to strengthening public opinion on public issues.

This research aims to study how e-marketing techniques can be used to enhance public relations strategies, in light of the digital revolution that has changed the concepts of commerce and marketing. The research seeks to bridge the knowledge gap resulting from the scarcity of studies linking e-marketing and public relations strategies, with a focus on the application of these strategies at Amazon. The central question of the study is: What is the most important e-marketing techniques that can be used to enhance public relations strategies? The research followed the descriptive analytical approach, as data was collected from 300 Amazon employees using the research tool, which was an electronic questionnaire, and the data was analyzed using SPSS. The statistical analysis tools also included Cronbach\'s alpha coefficient, Pearson\'s correlation coefficient, ratios and frequencies, arithmetic mean and standard deviation, and simple linear regression equation. The results showed that e-marketing techniques such as social networking sites, website services, and email services have a significant impact on the effectiveness of public relations strategies at Amazon. It was found that these technologies help improve communication with the target audience, and enhance the company\'s image and reputation in the market. In the end, several recommendations were presented to companies to improve public relations strategies using e-marketing techniques. The recommendations included working on developing integrated e-marketing strategies, in addition to using digital analytics to evaluate the effectiveness of marketing campaigns, and adapting to ongoing technological changes to improve communication with the public and enhance brand loyalty.

The study aims to know the news coverage of the European Nations League Euro 2024 matches that Kooora website focused on, and to identify the news coverage that Kooora website focused on regarding coaches, players and sports teams.
The researcher used the survey method, and used the comprehensive inventory method, by inventorying all news related to the European Nations League Euro 2024 that was published in the period from (6/14/2024) to (7/14/2024).
The study reached a number of results, the most prominent of which are:
1. The results of the study showed that Kooora website gave attention in its news coverage to the category of tournament matches, as it came in first place, and the repetitions of this category reached (152) repetitions.
2. The results of the study showed that Kooora website gave second place to sports teams, with repetitions reaching (134) repetitions, and the players category came in third place with repetitions reaching (93) repetitions, and the coaches category came in fourth place with repetitions reaching (88) repetitions.
3. The results of the study showed that Kooora website focused to a great extent on presenting facts within the category of processing methods and obtained first place and the highest repetitions.

The Russian-Ukrainian war is considered one of the most prominent international events in the first decade of the twenty-first century. This war has formed a major axis of international journalistic discourse. The study aims to reveal the trends of journalistic discourse of the New York Times website towards international crises that are addressed in news coverage. Identify the sources that the New York Times relied on in its coverage of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Identify the evidence paths that it used to produce journalistic discourse of the New York Times website in its coverage of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Identify the reference frameworks for the discourse of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the New York Times website. Interpret the trends of journalistic discourse presented on the New York Times website. The study relied on the media survey method and relied on the media discourse analysis tool. The study reached the following results: It relied primarily on newspaper columns in describing opinion articles. The types of speeches that addressed the Russian-Ukrainian war on the New York Times website relied on predictive speech, followed by critical and offensive speech. It adopted speech strategies towards the Russian-Ukrainian war, which is diagnosing the current situation, then analyzing events and presenting reasons. The writers’ orientation towards the issue is negative. The reasons for the journalistic discourse towards the issue of the Russian-Ukrainian war were presented. The newspaper relied on political frameworks in discussing the issue of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The newspaper relied on paths of proof in journalistic discourse, including logical paths, which were experiences and evidence from reality and linking the issue to each other in the first place. As for the illogical ones, the conclusions occupied the first place.

In light of the technological development that began to accelerate in the world, which led to the spread of fake or false news due to the ease of its circulation in the midst of this technological revolution that included social media in general from Facebook to Instagram to TikTok and others, some centers began to appear that took it upon themselves to limit the phenomenon of the spread of this fake news and try to verify it and reduce its spread. On this basis, a number of institutions took it upon themselves to refute this news and try to broadcast it to the public after clarifying its truth. Given the great importance of Arab sports media in this aspect and the interest of Arab society in sports, the (Technology for Peace) Foundation had a prominent role in this field and was one of the institutions that confronted fake news. On this basis, it allocated (sports) as an aspect of its classifications in verifying fake sports news that is easy to circulate among the sports audience who are passionately interested in sports and all its aspects without paying attention to the truth of the news, as there are certain parties that have a purpose in spreading such news and for multiple goals and purposes. Therefore, the following question came regarding this study, which is (What are the mechanisms of the Technology for Peace Foundation to verify fake sports news?)
The researcher used the survey method, where he used the content analysis form through which he analyzed the research sample that included (8) news, then the research community consisting of (77) news, then the questions came, who is the Technology for Peace Foundation and how does it work to verify the news? Then what did it rely on and what are the tools that it used in verification? And how does the organization work and what does it rely on?
Through research in this aspect, I reached a number of results, which are:
1. Technology for Peace is an Iraqi institution that verifies fake news, as it paid attention to sports news because of its great importance among the Arab sports community in general, and this verification comes through relying on international institutions and republishing the news obtained from them, as well as relying on a large team in this aspect.
2. Technology for Peace relies primarily on its website and the tools it uses to verify the news, in addition to relying on news agencies to verify the accuracy of the news.
3. There is a large number of volunteers for the Technology for Peace Foundation inside and outside Iraq, consisting of 265 members geographically distributed inside and outside Iraq, who contribute significantly and directly to carrying out tasks that would verify news from its sources.

The world has recently witnessed a huge boom in progress in information and communication technology, which has brought about a radical change in all fields. Therefore, the research aimed to shed light on the impact of modern means of communication in shaping the social thought of university youth in Iraq. In order to achieve this goal, the research relied on the descriptive analytical approach that is based on analyzing the research phenomenon and identifying the impact of modern means of communication on shaping the social relations of university youth. Then, the Statistical Package for Statistics (SPSS) program was relied upon to prove or reject the hypotheses related to the research. The study reached many results, including the existence of a high level of reliance by university youth in Iraq on modern means of communication from the point of view of the study sample members, as the arithmetic mean value reached 4.073 with a standard deviation of 0.785, which answers the first question of the study. Then, the applied study reached a high level of social thought among university youth in Iraq from the point of view of the study sample members, as the arithmetic mean value reached 4.076 with a standard deviation of 0.721, which answers the second question of the study. Therefore, the study recommends the necessity of working to increase the level of awareness of youth to achieve benefit from modern means of communication.

The study aimed to identify the negative repercussions of electronic games on the daily lives of children from the point of view of their mothers in Iraqi society in general and the city of Mosul in particular. This study falls within the analytical descriptive studies due to the use of the social survey approach through interviews with a group of mothers of children, and collecting the necessary information for the purposes of the study, in addition to the questions posed in the form of questionnaires distributed to a random sample of mothers of approximately (50) individuals. The study reached a number of results, including:
1. Electronic games have contributed to weakening children’s relationships with their families, due to their preoccupation with electronic games, in addition to the emergence of hostile behaviors towards family members and failure to obey the orders of mothers and fathers, in addition to the isolation, introversion, and complex psychology that the child began to live away from his friends because of these games.
2. Electronic games have contributed to the decline in the child’s academic level through the child being preoccupied with playing various electronic games and neglecting the school duties required of him, in addition to dropping out of school, quarreling with school teachers, and causing problems at school with students due to the effect of some hostile games on the child.
3. The child gradually moved away from watching useful programs on television and even animated films, because he began to be interested only in playing electronic games and being influenced by them.
4. Electronic games contributed to the child’s religious scruples, as he began to play for long hours on video games without taking time to read the Holy Quran and pray.
5. Electronic games have had a negative impact on the child’s health, as they have caused him to suffer from poor eyesight, lack of concentration, and distorted memory. Likewise, such games have made him mentally and physically exhausted by affecting the joints of the neck, body, and back, lack of sleep, staying up for long hours, loss of appetite, and lack of exercise. the mission.

Food, especially traditional food, is one of the most important practices that indicate belonging. Certain types of food are not cooked just to satisfy hunger, but rather it is a cultural heritage charged with civilizational heritage, as this food defines our religious affiliation and what is associated with it of what is permissible or forbidden. Therefore, we find that food anthropology has directed its attention to studying cooking and food, because food practices do not only allow us to know the culture of their owners, but also put us in front of a great possibility to know religious rituals and occasions and to know a group of foods that are cooked at specific times, and this gives them religious or cultural sanctity.

This research aims to study all verbs augmented with one, two, and three letters, and their meanings mentioned in the verses of the root (Barak) in the Holy Quran, and to identify the meanings for which the structures of the augmented verbs were derived, by identifying the dictionary meanings for which these words were derived and the transfer of their meaning to other meanings through the augmentation and the Quranic context, as each augmentation in the structure corresponds to an increase in meaning.
Therefore, the research was divided into two sections: The first section dealt with the augmented verb with one letter, and the second section dealt with the augmented verbs with two and three letters, and a conclusion that included the most important results that were reached. In this research, we adopted the descriptive analytical approach by investigating the meanings of the structures of the augmented verbs.