Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences

The mitotic index (MI) and the chromosomal aberration in cells have been studied in white bulb mice subjected to radiated and non-radiated protosolices of E. granulosis. In this experimental infestation, gamma ray of 81.58416 × 103 wave length have been used. The protoscolices were subjected to a high degree of 25 Gy and low degree of 5 Gy. The results revealed no significant variation in both MI and chromosomal aberration were found in bone marrow cells of infested mice in comparison to control.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of GnRH administration on the superovulatory response of ewes treated with eCG in breeding season and non-breeding season at the college of veterinary medicine, university of Mosul farm. Twelve nonpregnant and cycling Awassi ewes of 3-4 years of age were randomly allocated in equal number (n= 6) to two groups. Each ewe was treated with a progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge for 12 days. The following superovulation treatment was used; Ewes of group 1 received 1200 IU of eCG once as an intramuscular injection 48 h prior to sponge withdrawal. Ewes of group 2 were also received 1200 IU of eCG once as an intramuscular injection 48 h prior to sponge withdrawal and after 24 h of sponge removal ewes were injected with 80 µg of GnRH. Ewes standing to be mounted were recorded as in estrus and mated at least two times with Awassi rams of proven fertility. Ovarian response was assessed by determining number of corpora lutea by laparoscopy on day 6 after mating. Embryo recovery was performed by semi-laparoscopic and by flushing both uterine horns. Results of the present study showed when ewes treated in breeding season the number of corpora lutea was significantly higher (P<0.05) in ewes treated with eCG plus GnRH than eCG alone as 7.33±0.54 and 4.33±0.39, respectively. There was no significant difference in the number of corpora lutea in non-breeding season when ewes treated with eCG and eCG plus GnRH. High number (P<0.05) of unovulated follicles was observed in ewes treated with eCG in breeding season and non-breeding season as 2.45±0.25 and 1.16±0.3, respectively. Number of recovered embryos from ewes treated with eCG plus GnRH and eCG differ significantly (P<0.05) as 4.32±0.56 and 2.66±0.66, respectively in the breeding season. While no significant difference was observed when these hormones used for superovulation in the non-breeding season. It could be concluded that administration of GnRH 24 h after sponge removal increased ovulation rate of Awassi ewes treated with eCG for superovulation in the breeding season

In this study the protein fractions were prepared indifferent setting method. This prepared gossypol poor cotton seed protein isolates had good whipping capacities allowed their use in topping chiffon mixes and confectionery products especially at neutral pH. In emulsion capacity two fraction (A and D) were equal to albumin while the other isolates (fraction B) was even superior to albumin. Thus all are good potential food emulsifiers. As to their viscosity results of all isolates did not differ much from albumin. Thus these gossypol poor cotton seed isolates can be use as thickeners as well as in pharmaceutical preparation.

A series of sixty Iraqi buffaloes (Bubalus bubalus) suffering from dyspnea and suffocation due to acute hemorrhagic septicemia were treated by a combined of surgery (treachestomy) and medicine (antibiotic therapy) to save their lives became alert and completely healed with granulation tissue at the site of the operation, that forty six buffaloes lives (76.66%) due to the treatment, while 14 buffaloes died

The present study aimed to know the efficacy of a ntisera of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium in protect burn mice against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.
Twenty mice have been used (6-8 weeks age) and exposed to burn wound by hot water (1.5x1.5cm2, 900C). After 24hrs, the animals were divided randomly into four groups equally. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups were inoculated with 0.3ml of bacterial suspension contain 1x109 cfu/ml, under the burn area. Immediately, the 1st and 2nd groups were inoculated 1/V with 0.1ml of antisera of S.typhimurium and P.aeruginosa respectively. The 4th group was inoculated with 0.3ml of sterile normal saline under the burn area as hegative control group.
The results showed that all infected-non-passive immunizaed animals died during 24-96hrs post-burn wound infection with heavy bacterial isolation from examined internal organs and sever pathological lesions characterized by neutrophils infiltration in the stroma of the tissues. Congestion of blood vessels with neutrophils in their lumen was seen, in addition to degenerative and necrotic changes as well as thrombus in the blood vessels in some organs while infected-passive immunized animals were survived with good healthy as well as no bacterial isolation and no or mild pathological lesions in their internal organs.

The study includes twenty four mice divided into two equal groups each group contain (12) animals, the first group represent the treated group which daily intraperitoealy injected with Traimecinolone at dose rate (0.5% mg/kg B.w) for 45 day, this group was subdivided according to days of killing of animals for histopathological study into three sub group (25 day group), (35 day group) and (45 day group) each group includes four animals. The second group represent control group which also subdivided to subgroups as in first group and daily injected with 0.5% normal saline. The blood was collected from the two groups for estimation of {Serum Creatinine (SC), Serum Aspartate transaminase (SAST) and Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (SALP)} after (25, 35 and 45 day) from the beginning of the study, then immediately after blood collecting four animals were killed at each periods for histopathological examination of muscle specimens. The conclusion were presence of significant differences between the concentration of SC of Traimecinolone group and control group after 35 and 45 day from the beginning of the study at (P<0.05), while the significant differences between the concentrations of SAST and SALP of Traimecinolone group and control group occur after 45 day from beginning of the study at (P<0.05), also the study revealed that the fibers of the muscle were swollen and have lost their striations and their nuclei and the muscle fibers are rounded and vary considerably in size, most relatively large(hypertrophic ) and several much smaller (atrophic), and PAS(Periodic Acid Schiff) showed deposition of glycogen and glycogen storage myopathy with multiple subsarcolemmal vacuoles.

In order to know the efficacy of whole sonicated antigen with or without celery extract on the challenge with viable virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa , thirty-five healthy white mice, both sex, aged between 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into five groups and treated as following: The 1st group (n= 10) immunized with WSSAgs (0.5ml/lmg protein) S/C as primary dose followed by second dose after two weeks. 2-The 2nd group(n=10) administrated daily dose of 0.5ml of alcoholic celery extract (Concentration of protein 600 mg/kg BW) orally for 30 days and at the same time treated as 1st group. 3- The 3rd group (n=5) administrated orally with alcoholic celery extract only with same dose and time of the 2nd group. The 4th and 5th group (5 animals each) treated as control positive and negative respectively.
Cell mediated and humoral responses were checked at day 27 and day 30 post-immunization, at day 3o post immunization, the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th group were challenged with 0.5 ml of bacterial suspension content 1X10 CFU of viable virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa S/C and the 5th group inoculated S/C with 0.5 ml of sterile normal saline and served as control negative group.
All animals were sacrificed at day 20 post-challenge ,post-mortem examined and bacterial and pathological examination of their internal organs were done.
The results explained that WSSAgs induced cellular and humoral immune response in immunized animal and these values was high in animal pretreated with alcoholic celery extract and immunized with WSSAgs. All non immunized and pretreated alone infected animals died during 24-48hrs post-inoculation with severe bacterial isolation from internal organs as compared with immunized and pretreated immunized infected animals which showed good healthy during the course of experiment and no bacterial isolation from internal organs.
Multiple granulomatous lesion were seen in the internal organs of immunized infected animals while the pretreated immunized infected animals showed lymphocytic aggregation around blood vessels and in the parenchyma of most examined organs ,in contrast, the non-immunized and pretreated infected animals showed acute suppurative reaction with thrombus formation in most examined organs.

This experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with sesame oil and seeds on productive and reproductive efficiency of Japanese quail. Totally 120 female and 40 male Japanese quails, 10 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 treatments containing 24 females and 8 males each. Each treatment group contained 4 replicates, of 6 females and 2 males. Birds were fed for 12 weeks commercial diet containing 0% sesame oil or seeds (control group; C); 0.5% sesame oil (T1); 1% sesame oil (T2), 1% sesame seeds (T3); and 2% sesame seeds (T4). Parameters included in this experiment were body weight, feed consumption, egg weight, hen – day egg production, cumulative egg number, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, fertility, hatchability of eggs set, hatchability of fertile egg, and embryonic mortality. The data revealed that, birds fed diets containing sesame oil or seeds (T1; T2; T3; and T4) recorded the best results as concerns total means of egg weight, hen – day egg production, cumulative egg number, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, fertility, hatchability of total eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs, and embryonic livability when compared with control group (C). Whereas, there were no significant differences between treatment groups (C; T1; T2; T3; and T4) in relation to body weight and feed consumption. From this experiment it is concluded that dietary substitution of sesame oil and seeds resulted in significant improvement in productive and reproductive traits of Japanese quail. Thus, sesame oil or seeds can be used in laying quail diets at the levels mentioned above as an important tool for enhancing productive and reproductive performance of Japanese quail.

During a period extended in between 1998 into 2009 years sixth unusual clinical cases, were register. These cases were brought to private clinic and clinic of Veterinary Medicine College, which includes the followings: large subcutaneous cyst located at the neck of a buffalo aged eight year were presented. The cyst developed as a small swelling and gradual increase in size in a period of 5-6 months. The cyst was treated surgically by complete evacuation, and packed with drain. The second cases, four year female buffalo, having a tissue mass above the carpal joint. This mass was a gradual increase in size, after parturition. The content was aspirated; the physical examination revealed that, this content is milk and the case as an ectopic mammary tissue. While the third cases, nine year old cross breed cow with history of having pregnant of seven month, showing decrease appetite, abnormal harsh cough and enlargement of larynx. After complete examination and investigation, there was sharp metallic needle inside the larynx..Laryngotomy was performed to remove of the foreign body. After fourteen days of operation, the animal returns to normal condition.. The four case, eight-year old cow with a history of having seven month pregnant was delivered dead large fetus with two heads and two necks. The post mortems revealed that the two necks connected at the first thoracic vertebrae and there was anasarca and ascitis. The last two cases represented by ameloblastoma with a history of mass close to the mandible of old local breed sheep was diagnostic. Ameloblastoma is present as a swelling and appear radiographically as radiolucences lesion and histopathologically composed of unilocular or multilocular cyst and cords of epithelium. It treated by complete lesion excision. And, the last one a case of osteoblastoma arising in the frontal bone of local breed sheep 5 year in aged was diagnostic. It present as swelling and appear radiographically as radio-opaque lesion, the histopathological is of a highly vascularized stroma with immature bone. This lesion is treated by complete excision

A total of 565 serum samples from cattle (260) sheep (171) and goats (134) were screened for the presence of Leptospiral antibodies by macroscopic plate agglutination test and microscopic agglutination test. The prevalence was found to be 57.3% in cattle, 24.6% in sheep and 22.4% in goats. L. hardjo. L. mini, and L. hebdomadis were found to be more common by using microscopic agglutination test.

The study was carried out on the 12 local rabbits, divided into four groups, the first one was injected by a stock solution of attenuated Pseudomonas aeroginosa (0.1ml 26× , the second and third group injected by1/2 and 1/4 dilution respectively, while the last fourth group injected by normal saline and considered as control group. Our results showed significant variations in hypersensitivity test of of immunized group in comparison with the control group. The results of hepatomegaly and spleenomegaly showed valid decrease in first dilution immunized group. Significant enlargement of lung and kidney were found in control group while minimum weight recorded second dilution immunized group. There was significant increase of IgG level of immunized group in compared with control group. The level of complement (C3 &C4) showed significant increase in C4 of immunized group in comparison with the control group.

The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of topical application of black seed oil on the wound healing in rabbits. Twenty adult healthy local breed rabbits of both sexes weighing between 1250-1600 gr were used. Animals were divided into two equal groups, under surgical aseptic technique, two surgical skin incisions at length of 3 cm. in the back region were done one each sides of the vertebrae, then they were closed with simple interrupted pattern by silk (2\0). Control group didn’t receive any treatment, while in treated group, the wounds were covered with black seed oil twice daily for 14 days. The clinical and histopathological evaluation revealed that black seed oil promote the wound healing by early formation of cellular fibrous connective tissue and granulation tissue and early maturation of fibrous connective tissue, which characterized by regular and less cellular covered by complete layer of epidermis, when compared with control group. In conclusion of this study indicated that the black seed oil was enhanced wound healing, and that may be due to its therapeutic and nutritional activities.

Fifty seven Awassi ewes, aged 2 – 3 years, were used in a completely randomized design and allocated to three different diets, ten weeks before mating. Synchronization was commenced mating, using progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge. Diets 1 was concentrate feed only. Diets 2 included 60% concentrate plus 40% alkali treated rice hulls (50 NaOH in 1L water/kg DM) and diets 3 was composed of 30% concentrate plus 30% ground date stone plus 40% treated rice hulls. The experimental diets were fed four weeks before and four weeks after mating and also six weeks before lambing, at a level of 150% of the maintenance requirements. Between flushing and steaming up, ewes were fed alfalfa and green barley crop at a maintenance level. After lambing ewes were fed green alfalfa ad. Lib. And 500 g/day per ewe concentrate mixture for two weeks, followed by green alfalfa only. For six weeks daily feed intake and weekly live body weights were recorded. A balance trial was carried out using three Awassi rams in a 3x3 Latin square design.
The type of the diets did not have a significant effect on ewes lambing percentage nor on lambs birth weight or growth rate, until eight weeks after lambing. However, date stone may have affected oestrus activity. The results suggest that using treated rice hulls and ground date stone up to 70% of concentrate diet was adequate to meet Awassi ewes requirement during mating and late pregnancy.

The antifungal profiles of green tea (Camellia sinensis) were examined against clinical isolates of Dermatophytes (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T.verrucosum and T.rubrum) and some pathogenic yeasts (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans). Maceration method was used for the extraction of active substances from the green tea with cold and hot ethanolic and water extraction solvents. Agar dilution method was used in the antifungal susceptibility studies. This study revealed that the cold ethanolic extract was the most effective one, followed by the hot ethanolic extract while the aqueous extract was the least effective against all the tested fungi. All the extracts exhibited greater antifungal activity against Dermatophytes than the yeasts. The highest inhibitory effect of cold ethanolic extract reached to 96.92% at 20 mg/ml concentrations for T.mentagrophytes and T.rubrum, and 92.30% for T.verrucosum. In yeasts, the rate of inhibitory effect showed that with 200 mg/ml of cold ethanolic extract, the inhibitory rate of C.albicans and C.neoformans were 83% and 84% respectively.
This study, therefore, suggest that the green tea could have strong biocidal substance against Dermatophytes and some pathogenic yeasts, and therefore, may have the potential effective role in the treatment of human and animal dermatophytosis when used as ointment preparation.

The incidence of sex chromatin and it's various shapes in polymorph nuclear leucocytes (PMNL) was investigated in Iraqi cows (Sharabi). A total of 72 animals were included in the study (15 heifers and 57 adult cows, both fertile and those suffering from reproductive problems). Results indicated, that sex chromatin incidence in Sharabi heifers (6 month old) was 6.9% distributed in 4 shapes (Drumstick 2.64%, Small club 0.28%, Tear drop 1.42, Sessile nodule 2.57%). In the fertile adult cows (4-6 years old) the incidence was 8.7% which was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in heifers, distributed in 4 shapes: Drumstick 4.1%, small club 0.5, Tear drop 0.9, Sessile nodule 3.2%. The % of Drumstick and sessile nodule was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in heifers. Concerning infertile animals the incidence of sex chromatin decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in animals suffering from abortion, still birth & repeat breeder than the fertile animals. The distribution of various shapes of sex chromatin also decreased significantly in all these animals as compared to fertile animals. Key Words: Sex chromatin, Polymorph nuclear leucocyte, reproductive problems, cows.

The study was conducted to show the effects of aflatoxine on histopathological picture of the liver of broiler chicks. Twenty five rose broiler chicks had been claimed 42 days of age reared in broiler form in Heat/ Al- Anbar province. The criteria of diagnosis of aflatoxicosis depends upon, clinical signs, mortality rate and postmortem exam, of the cases. The liver of all birds were inspected grossly, after cervical dislocation and necropsied.
Liver fragments were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Tissue section 5 Mm thick were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and used for histopathological evaluation. Gross inspection of the liver showed enlargement congestion with pale patches. The histopathological changes in liver tissues include hyper plasia, congestion, necrosis, cirrhosis accumulation of RBC and inflammatory cells around the central vein.