Journal of Business Economics for Applied Research

The research aims to determine the extent of the influence of the smart customer and its role in promoting creativity in the banking service, as the smart customer is an “essential” partner in the process of joint creation of the service, and one of the most important elements of the marketing process towards which all marketing activities are directed and no marketing process can be completed without it. In this research, two variables were addressed, the independent variable, the smart customer, with its dimensions (opinion leadership, innovation, self-disclosure, dissatisfaction, acceptance of technological development, marketing knowledge) and the approved variable includes creativity in banking service, and accordingly many questions were asked about The research problem, of which (Is there a significant impact of the smart customer on creativity in banking service), and the statistical program was used to analyze the swept field data (SPSS v26). (100) forms were distributed to a sample of clients dealing with private banks in Nineveh Governorate, and in light of the results of the statistical analysis, it was found that there is a significant correlation and influence between the smart client and promotion. From creativity in banking service. The research presented a number of recommendations that contribute to serving the research field. The most important of which is that the interest in the smart customer in its various dimensions by the management of the banks surveyed is of great importance in promoting creativity in the services they provide.

The research aims to identify the role of interactive marketing in enhancing marketing opportunities, To achieve the objectives of the research, hypotheses were imposed that explain the relationship between the research variables, which is interactive marketing as an independent variable, and marketing opportunities as a dependent variable, A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of employees of the Vana Furniture Company, with a total of (60) forms, and (52) valid forms were retrieved for analysis and testing a number of hypotheses with the correlation and influence relations between the research variables using many statistical methods based on the SPSS program. The research reached conclusions from them there a correlation and impact relationship between interactive marketing and marketing opportunities, and it was suggested that the company build a strong relationship based on trust and commitment between the company and the customer, by meeting the needs and desires of the customer, as it is the basis that leads to the continuity and success of the relationship between the two parties.

The current research aims to identify the role of cleaner production in promoting sustainable consumption in the Northern Cement Auxiliary and its affiliated factories, and to identify the percentage of interest and commitment to cleaner production and sustainable consumption processes in the researched organization. Sustainable consumption? Is there a correlation between cleaner production and sustainable consumption? As the two researchers used the descriptive analytical approach in writing the theoretical and field sides as it helps the researchers in collecting data and information with finding different means to interpret it, in addition to using the questionnaire as a main tool for the research and by 80 forms distributed over the surveyed field and then analyzed using the statistical program (spss- v24), as the research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of two correlations and an impact between cleaner production and sustainable consumption, and in the light of those results, a set of proposals was formulated, the most important of which is to increase interest in cleaner production techniques as they are the mainstay of the researched company and because of their impact on Improving the quality of the product and enhancing its value within the organization, as well as the necessity of holding seminars on cleaner production and sustainable consumption to clarify and know their philosophy and methodology for all employees of the research organization and the society that deals with it. Keywords: cleaner production, sustainable consumption

The researchers sought in their research to include a set of steps, represented by the first step towards identifying the concept of proactive marketing and clarifying its importance and then its objectives, and then defining the investigated dimensions of proactive marketing, by reviewing the opinions of writers and researchers regarding the details referred to above. In the second step, the researchers presented their procedural concept of marketing Proactive as the organization anticipating the needs and desires of the future and acting on them with the intention of gaining a foothold in the market enables the organization to stand out in the eyes of its customers and achieve its desired goals, as well as showing its importance through the organizations’ use of a marketing mix commensurate with the market in which they operate, from providing the product, promoting it, pricing and distributing it through the use of the best means and methods for that.
As for the fourth step, it was represented towards identifying the reality of the role that proactive marketing can play in enhancing the market share (104) a surveyed individual, by means of a special questionnaire form prepared for the purposes of this research, and the fifth step was the statistical treatment of these data within the framework of a set of statistical tests that correspond to the data obtained in the light of the questionnaire, and the researchers reached a positive and moral relationship between the two variables, and in light of that, the researchers presented A number of proposals, the most important of which are 2. The need for the researched organizations to undertake the process of introducing new distribution channels in order to fill (bridging) the market gaps that surround their products and to work on choosing the best distribution channels that suit the conditions surrounding their work and the needs and desires of their customers.

The study aims to determine the economic impact of the Coronavirus (Covid-19) on financial stability in the Arab countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has spread across the globe at a time when the Arab region is under severe stress of various kinds.
The reactions of Arab countries to the threat posed by the emerging Corona virus are likely to complicate some of the existing problems in the region, especially in a difficult international context, The results of the research showed that there are repercussions of the repercussions of the Corona pandemic (Covid-19) on the financial stability of some Arab countries. Which is why the monetary authorities represented by the central banks of Arab countries have adopted. Precautionary financial measures to maintain, financial stability. The research reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which is that banks should have a financial stability committee. Policymakers must strike a balance between protecting financial stability and supporting economic activity.

The research aims to analyze the impact of population growth on some indicators of human development in the Iraqi economy represented by (average per capita income, spending on education, spending on health) a standard study for the period from (2005-2020).
This research relied on the descriptive analytical approach and the econometric approach based on econometrics and an attempt to apply the modern standard methods adopted to the methodology of the autoregressive model for distributed slowdown periods(Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model) To estimate the relationship in the short and long term, as it is an appropriate empirical tool to understand the nature of the impact of population growth on some indicators of human development through the use of a statistical program(Eviews 10). The results of the standard side have been indicated by using the autoregressive model of distributed slowing(ARDL) That there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the dependent variables and the independent variables i.e. (the presence of co-integration between them) As the value of the statistic (F) was greater than the values for its upper and lower bounds, as the results of estimating the model showed that the results of the standard analysis proved that the rate of demographic changes explained the change in the average per capita income by (93%), As the demographic changes showed that the change in the rate of spending on health by (99%), as well as the demographic changes explained the change in the rate of spending on education by (99%).The research concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the adoption of a clear and long-term national strategy that encourages the control of population growth rates in Iraq, by taking measures that work on family planning, because Iraq is one of the countries characterized by high population growth rates, and raises the educational level of members of society. All, by activating compulsory education laws in order to reduce student dropout, especially in the initial stages, because education is one of the most important factors affecting the demographic changes of the population, because raising the educational level in society contributes to raising awareness in rationalizing childbearing, which has a positive role to achieve human development.

The topic of the research stems from financial sustainability and its paramount importance in relation to the deficit in the general budget, and the research aims to measure the impact of financial sustainability on the problem of the budget deficit in the Iraqi economy for the period (2005-2020), and to achieve the goal of the research, the modern measurement methodology was used based on the slow self-regression model. Distributor (ARDL) and the research reached number of conclusions, the most important of which are: The variables of financial sustainability explained the change in the general budget deficit by (95%) in the Iraqi economy during the research period, and the results also indicate the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between the variables of financial sustainability. And the budget deficit, and the research concluded with a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: The government should reduce dependence on external debt to finance the general budget deficit, because it is in foreign currency, which makes the Iraqi economy vulnerable to external crises, in addition to accumulating its burdens, and moving towards developing the internal public debt market in Iraq as a tributary Chief to provide the necessary funding for the public budget deficit and reduce the burden of foreign debt.

The main objective of the research is to know the relationship and impact between the quality of career life in its dimensions (safe work environment, compensation, balance between work and personal life, job stability) and the requirements of psychological empowerment in its dimensions represented by (independence, work importance, functional ability, influence) at the University of Tikrit, The research relied on the descriptive analytical method in presenting and discussing the data, as the method works on coupling the description of the case with its analysis and drawing conclusions related to it, For the purpose of collecting the required data to solve the research problem, a questionnaire was used, which was distributed to a sample of (422) teaching staff members in the faculties of Tikrit University, and by using the statistical analysis program (SPSS V.25) the data of the practical side was analyzed, which included the analysis of the answers of members of the staff of the University of Tikrit. Teaching and their opinions, and when testing the hypotheses, a set of conclusions was reached, the most important of which are: There is a positive and moral (direct) correlation between the job quality variable in all its seven dimensions and the psychological empowerment variable. An increase in the levels of psychological empowerment among the research sample individuals.

Perhaps one of the important things that determine the extent to which organizations in the health sector are able to survive in the business world, and maintain their position in the market in light of the challenges of the times, is the extent of their ability to maintain the positive impressions and perceptions of stakeholders towards their products or services, and perhaps that depends on There is leadership that adopts ethical behaviors, which is reflected in enhancing emotional intelligence skills among doctors, so the research aimed mainly to determine the nature of the relationship to the effect of the independent variable (ethical leadership) on the dependent variable (emotional intelligence) among doctors in the hospital in question.
The study mainly aimed to identify the role of ethical leadership in enhancing emotional intelligence among doctors in the hospital in question. The research adopted the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection, as the number of distributed questionnaires that are suitable for analysis reached a total of (75) questionnaires. A set of proposals that guide the researched hospital, perhaps in the forefront: The necessity of the management of the hospital in question to pay attention to ethical leadership practices, in order to stimulate the emotional intelligence skills of doctors, which is reflected in their performance in general.

The aim of this research is to inquire about the importance of using information technology in the sustainability of organizations through total quality management, and the importance of the research comes by highlighting the importance of the paper mill, which restored its work again after a long period of hiatus, and included recycling of paper waste through the use of high-tech machines, The hypothesis of the study is to find the relationship between information technology and the sustainability of organizations through total quality management, and to prove the hypothesis, the questionnaire was used as a tool for that, as well as statistical methods such as descriptive statistics and to prove the validity of the hypotheses in parameter statistics. Valid for counting and (7) corrupted and excluded. And it reached the results by clarifying the existence of clear investments by purchasing modern technical equipment to fully restart the plant, with a high production capacity that suffices the market need. The study also recommends the need to increase the percentage of cooperation between the factory and the citizen and institutions to provide him with raw materials for recycling, educate the citizen and direct his view of sustainability by recycling to protect the environment and preserve it from pollution in order to live with the quality of the environment through sustainable organizations, paying attention to the quality of the product within the internationally accepted standards so that the product is competitive with the foreign importer It is accepted by the consumer. Cooperation between the factory and the largest consumer institutions, including Basra Education, or local universities in Basra Governorate, to market the product and encourage the factory to increase its production, encourage national industries and environmental sustainability.

The current study seeks to achieve the goal of providing health care by identifying the provision of medical services. The first image of the graph in the output graph is represented, the method, the method, the method, the function, the function, the label, the method, the label, the label and the behavioral intent. The data of the study, the study, the study, the study, the study, the study, the study, the study, the pharmacists, the samples, the samples, the factors, the volume was (341), and the modeling was used by equations, the hypotheses of the study hypotheses. The study has reached a number of results, the most important of which is that Result Demonstrability does not have a significant impact on the perceived benefit of using Internet of Things technology in the medical field. The medical field. It was also found that the behavioral intention greatly affected the attitude of physicians to the use of the Internet of Things technology. Moreover, the perceived ease of use of clinicians does not significantly influence attitude to use.

The research aims to measure the dimensions of organizational power among workers in organizations, where the research problem was represented in the following main question: (Are there dimensions of organizational power in the research organization?), and to achieve this, the descriptive analytical approach was used for the purpose of collecting and analyzing generalized data through the questionnaire that It is the main tool for the research, and the Directorate of Electricity Distribution of Nineveh / the Center was chosen as the research community, while the random sample of the research was represented by (365) respondents from the employees of the research organization, and the questionnaire was distributed to them, and (350) valid questionnaires were retrieved for analysis with a response rate of (85%). A number of statistical methods were used to deal with the data and to analyze the paragraphs of the questionnaire and to test the research hypotheses according to the data that were processed through the statistical program (SPSS-V26), and for the purpose of identifying the opinions of the respondents, and the main hypothesis was as follows: (The dimensions of organizational power are available The research reached a set of results, including the availability of dimensions of organizational power in varying proportions in the research organization, and these results were identical with the research hypotheses.

The aim of the research is to identify the level of job immersion among individuals working in the first Hawija primary health care sector / affiliated with the Kirkuk Health Department, as the descriptive approach was used based on the questionnaire form, and (181) questionnaires were distributed using the statistical bag (SPSS, v.26) for a group Statistics that fit the required results. The researchers concluded that the process of preparing for the research scale is of great importance in revealing the extent of job immersion for working individuals and their management of their work with dedication and sincerity and improving the level of organizational performance that the organization aims at. The researchers concluded that there is a high level of job immersion among individuals working in the Hawija sector. The first is for primary health care, and the researchers recommended the need to adopt the application of strategies that can enhance the level of job immersion.

The research aims to identify the role of viral marketing in the value of the customer, and to achieve the objectives of the research was imposed hypotheses that illustrate the relationship between the variables of research, which is viral marketing as an independent variable and the the customer value being a certified variable and a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of Asiacell Telecom Company employees actually (42) forms for analysis and testing a number of hypotheses relationships link and influence between research variables using many statistical tests based on spss.25 the research has reached the result that There is a correlation and effect between viral marketing and customer value and it has been suggested that the company take care of all dimensions of viral marketing and focus on them, because focusing on each other leads to the lack of value of the customer.

The research aims to clarify the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on Iraqi imports during the period (2004-2020), and for the purpose of reaching the goal of the research, a number of conclusions were reached, the most important of which are: The exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against the dollar in the parallel market was the most effective during the period (2004-2020), and the analytical side showed that decreasing or raising the foreign exchange rate does not affect the volume of oil exports because their prices and quantities are determined globally according to the forces of supply and demand. While raising the foreign exchange rate affects the reduction of unnecessary imports, while the results of the standard analysis proved that the data of the independent variable and the dependent variables achieved the characteristic of silence at the first difference for both variables according to the unit root tests of (P.P) to ensure that the time series are still and that there are no integrated variables Grade I(2), which necessitated the use of the ARDL model in estimating the relationship between variables in the short and long terms. The results of the long-term response showed a significant effect between the exchange rate and imports in Iraq.

This study that aimed to analyze some of the factors that affecting on the performance of financial sector institutions for some of financial institutions listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange. These factors were classified into external factors, which included (Gross Domestic Product, exchange rate, inflation, interest rate, foreign investment, as well as the price of oil), and internal factors that included (tangibility of assets, size of the financial institution, working capital, net working capital, financial structure, as well as capital structure). Some of financial ratios were used as dependent variables which included (Return on assets, Return on equity, Earnings per share, Market value added, Market value, as well as Current ratio). The study was based on some of hypotheses, the most important that "there is a statistically significant effect some of factors that affecting on the performance of financial sector institutions for some financial institutions that listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange". The Iraqi financial sector institutions were relied upon as a community for the study, while the study sample was represented by some of financial sector institutions listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange there are 28 financial institutions, for the period from 2009 to 2020. For the purpose of estimating standard models, testing hypotheses and extracting study results, some of standard models were built and analyzed based on panel data, and used statistical analysis program (Eviews10). The study reached some conclusions, the most important of which was that the GDP variable is the most frequent variable of influence, as its effect came on all dependent variables, followed by the oil price variable and the tangibility of assets. Finally, this study presents originality by collecting bank financial institutions and non-bank financial institutions in an Iraqi financial system for a period of 12 years. As a result, 12 selected internal and external factors affecting the performance of these institutions were measured and analyzed.

The research aims to shed light on role of banking control tools in improving performance commercial banks on continuous basis, as well as in diagnosing problem of study in determining the performance of banks work and raising level of efficiency and effectiveness. Among actions that do not add value to them, and strengthening role of banks and increasing their competitiveness through banking supervision as one of important tools to achieve financial stability and create strong and sound banking sector that preserves rights of depositors and investors,by identifying mechanisms and procedures necessary for its success,Diagnosis and interpretation of nature of relationship of link and influence between banking control tools and their dimensions and the performance of work of banks and their dimensions,and through use of statistical programs (SPSS V.25;Excel V.16) in the processing and analysis of data through use of the most appropriate statistical methods, and this research was tested in the sector Iraqi private banker، and the research was applied to sample of (120) managers and employees distributed in the different administrative levels. Most important findings of researcher are existenc of correlation among dimensions of private censorship and performance of work commercial banks through examination and evaluation of their activities. One of the most important recommendations is that the investigated bank should work with procedures to document sufficient information about customers, whether a natural or legal person, and that the bank is committed to the central instructions for implementing the principle of “know your customer” clearly.

Each research has specific cognitive objectives aimed at achieving them and identifying their intellectual and field implications. The current study came to focus research and analysis on the pillars of creative ingenuity, which is considered an advanced case of desirable and distinguished performance in various organizations, in addition to clarifying the pillars of organizational excellence, which are expressive of the extent to which organizational and functional structures are formulated that embody the function of creative ingenuity. It is worth noting that the concept of competition is not limited to financial aspects or market share, but also includes mastery in the organizational field in general, whether in terms of leadership styles, staff efficiency, or the appropriateness of organizational structures to the environment and its requirements, and this necessarily requires efficient use of available resources. Therefore, it was necessary to identify the goal of the research is to know the influence relationship between two variables included in organizational and behavioral thought, namely, creative ingenuity and organizational excellence, through testing the opinions of a sample of administrative leaders at the University of Anbar, which represents a suitable environment for the aforementioned variables, which is one of the important organizations to achieve the goals set. to her. The importance of the research is the need of today’s organizations to employ creative ingenuity in their operations and activities in response to the surrounding environment and its absorption. The descriptive approach was used, and the questionnaire was relied on as a main tool for collecting data and information. In those colleges and retrieved (90) of them are valid for statistical analysis, as that form included (40) paragraphs that were selected based on a number of foreign standards, and the data was also processed using a set of statistical methods appropriate to the nature of the research such as (the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, Variation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, simple and multiple linear regression), and the results of the research concluded that there is a correlation and impact relationship for creative ingenuity in organizational excellence and the university’s ability to adopt creative ingenuity that contributes to improving the organizational structure and achieving a continuous competitive advantage, and one of the most important recommendations is to invite the university to register The research aims to adopt creative and innovative ideas resulting from organizational excellence, by focusing on its dimensions, which are represented by the excellence of leadership. This distinguishes knowledge, distinguishes strategy, distinguishes subordinates.

Financial investment plays an important role in economic activity in light of the ongoing changes in the nature of the global economic system. Its means and methods have varied according to the investor's vision and his position on the risks associated with any investment. The research aims to identify one of the latest methods used to build the optimal investment portfolio, which is the value at risk (VaR), during the period (2015-2021) according to the criteria (return, risk). The research sample included shares for (15) companies by preparing a base Data based on monthly stock returns and using some necessary statistical analyzes that were adopted to build the optimal portfolio. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that an optimal investment portfolio can be built using the (VaR) model in the Iraq Stock Exchange, and that it achieves the best performance compared to the performance of a portfolio market.

The research aims to find out the availability pillars of smart manufacturing Automobile and Equipment Industry - Babel Battery Factory Industries, and the extent of its operations touching according to the philosophy of this system, and based on the research problem that was formulated to express the researched field’s lack of smart manufacturing foundations, according to which the researchers relied on the approach Case study In diagnosing the current reality of the company in question, a checklist was prepared and distributed to the company's employees. The study reached a set of conclusions, including that the company in question possesses the qualifications of the smart manufacturing system and in varying proportions to its foundations.
Key words: smart manufacturing, manufacturing techniques and processes, materials, data, predictive engineering, sustainability.

The continuous change in the industrial and production environment requires companies to have the ability to adapt quickly and effectively to respond to these changes and obtain a competitive advantage in the scientific market. Within this framework, efficient manufacturing is one of the tedious ways to respond quickly to changing market demands. Effective manufacturing can be implemented successfully by identifying the requirements for establishing an effective manufacturing system and working to meet those requirements. The main contribution of the research was to present a simplified model that classifies the theoretical framework for efficient manufacturing through three dimensions: technology update, resource sustainability, and continuous improvement. The theoretical model was designed by the efficient manufacturing literature. . In this model and the classification that is presented for the requirements for establishing an effective manufacturing system, it is possible to clarify the influence relationships between these requirements on the one hand and effective manufacturing on the other hand, and all of this helps in organizing efforts, programs and plans aimed at determining the requirements for establishing an effective manufacturing system, whether at the level of organizations Business or at the state level. This model can be used by company decision makers to know the level of the company within the framework of effective manufacturing.

The objective of the compliance observer’s job is to ensure the bank’s compliance with the laws and instructions, and that the compliance observer is one of the banking supervisory authorities that is responsible for the extent to which banks comply with the laws and instructions, and forms a link between banks and the Central Bank by preparing reports and information that the Central Bank requests from banks. Research to indicate the importance of banking compliance and the extent to which departments contribute to the success of the compliance observer job and to avoid the risks of non-compliance in the Iraqi banking sector and to clarify the responsibilities of the compliance department and the responsibilities of the Board of Directors for the job of compliance observer. The importance of the research is the responsibilities undertaken by the departments to make the job of the compliance observer a success by setting policies, and what the board of directors does to supervise the compliance observer in the bank. The bank, and the most important recommendations: Provide the compliance department with adequate human resources to enable It prevents him from carrying out his responsibilities efficiently and effectively, as there is a huge amount of daily transactions that need inspection and follow-up.