The Arab Gulf

Abstract:
During the past period, Iraqi-Kuwaiti relations faced many problems that affected the stability of political and economic relations between the two countries. The roots of these problems go back to the circumstances of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, and to the period of the American occupation of Iraq in 2003 and the resulting security and political repercussions that have affected In the stability of Iraq’s relations with neighboring countries, including Kuwait, as well as the survival of many outstanding contentious issues between the two countries, they remained unresolved and were often renewed between the two parties, most notably the issue of borders and navigation, which had a negative impact on the development of Iraqi-Kuwaiti relations.
Despite the qualitative improvement in relations between Iraq and Kuwait after the US withdrawal from Iraq in 2011, past concerns, suspicion and mistrust have always pushed the two countries to exchange accusations. In addition, the US-Iranian rivalry and their influence in Iraq and Kuwait posed another challenge to the stability and future of relations between the two countries. Both Iraq and Kuwait have sought to distance themselves from entering into regional conflicts and to form joint ministerial committees that study all possibilities of solutions in the event of an emergency dispute that threatens the future of relations between them.

Abstract:
The movement of history and the process of its codification is one of the most important issues that constitute a real motive to know what was going on in the past and to benefit from it in understanding reality, and therefore the historian Dr.The document, analyzing and dismantling its contents and examining it realistically, as he had the opportunity to be sent to India and directly see the documents and records of the East India Company. Many, with the testimony of professors from various Iraqi and Arab universities.

The research aims to show that the Arabs did not issue their language on the basis of innate inheritance and unconscious reception, but rather it resulted from a mind that is aware of what the tongue speaks at all levels of language, as well as the eloquence of speech and eloquence of the tongue. As the language of communication or the language of communication for them closely approached the language of public speaking, because the language of public speaking contains syntactic control, brevity, creativity and intentionality, and this was what the research aimed at through Sibawayh’s blog in which we found some texts that clearly indicate that the Arabs spoke their language with a perceptive mind. Conscious, not based on simple human instinct and language.

Abstract:
This research paper focuses on clarifying the changing identity, and the influences that may push the individual to change his identity, refusing, leaving or forced to abandon the ideas, beliefs and affiliations that he embraced before the change in his identity, through the narrative output of the Iraqi writer (Duna Ghali) represented by According to the following narrations: (The furthest point, when the smell awakens, the homes of the beast, its shelter stomach). The research takes its course towards defining identity in a brief manner, and how it is closely related to the individual, as it is a guide to self-awareness, as well as an indication of the changing identity and the factors that push it towards change, especially since the identity is of an unstable gel form, so the research moves after that to the applied aspect of reading and analyzing texts Narrative selected from the novels.

Abstract:
This study discussed the significance of the morphological structure of the meanings of exaggerated formulas in the holy Quran. In the Holy Quran, it aims to clarify what is meant by exaggeration formulas, determine their forms and weights , and determine the difference between exaggeration and non-exaggeration in the names of the actors , The most important findings of the research are that the exaggeration formula is a formula that expressly expresses the convince of abundance and exaggeration in the meaning of from a triple verb often , and the exaggeration formula is subject to this action and has several weights , and it is formulated provisions of the actors name in denoting the verb , and the holy Quran expresses exaggeration in many places , And this is for the occasion of the context , or to justify the severe judgment , or to draw attention to the importance and greatness of a thing , and the exaggeration sometimes comes to cenote the abstract meaning : devoid of the meaning of exaggeration , just as the names and attributes of god Almighty that are in the form of exaggeration are metaphorical : Because exaggeration is in the attributes that accept increase and decrease, and the attributes of God Almighty are free from that, This is what this research will try to reveal in the study of the morphological structure of the meanings of the exaggerated formulas of Dr.Fakher Al-yasiri.

Abstract:
This research includes a study of the dualities of Arabic poetry, which is the disease and the medicine. The research showed how the ancient Arab poet dealt with these dichotomies and whether they are real diseases, or did poets describe them as a disease metaphorically, for love is one of the main topics that most of the poets immersed in it, but some of them described it as a disease, The question here is how to turn love into a disease? And what is the medicine for this deadly love? And on the topic of gray hair, we find some poets dealing with it in a special way, as some of them described it as an accidental disease for which there is no cure. Time does not repeat twice, but rather it is one pension time. The poet himself is faced with a great dilemma represented by the power of time. As for the other topic and the other part of the research, it is represented by medicine Some poets described a special kind of medicine for the disease of love, including the connection of the beloved and drawing close to him, and another section of poets went to dive into mythological beliefs, including the use of the blood of kings from various diseases, including rabies, madness and dementia, while the other section of poets found a haven in the winery. Safe from various mental illnesses and ailments.

Abstract:
The Involution mechanism is one of the lexical and verbal means that plays a prominent role in the cohesion of texts and achieving their consistency. In the continuity of meanings in it through what the incoming words provide from a moral atmosphere charged with that message based in the depth of the text, so this mechanism and its impact on analyzing texts and showing the extent of their textual and cohesion.

Abstract:
Grammar has been closely linked to the Holy Qur’an since its inception, and the grammarians made it the first principle in building the foundation rules. Knowing and studying the readings and understanding their phases became extremely important. Studies of the importance of readings were presented in the linguistic and grammatical lesson. From the pronoun, which is part of the pronoun, which is part of the pronoun, which is shown on the picture, and this pronoun is part of the pronoun. to one thing; Because this is what eloquence requires.
The book is considered one of the valuable books for researchers in the field of Qur’anic sciences and interpretation in particular, and the sciences of the Arabic language and controlling its rules in general. From the syntax to the meanings to explain the seven aspects of reading and shows its reasons and arguments, and this is what we will touch through the research, and the nature of the research required that it be an introduction and a preface, and then a study of the readings whose guidance relied on the conscience and then the conclusion that included the results reached by the researcher.

Abstract:
This research attempt to review term of nomenclature reason in the books of linguistic differences until the end of the fourth century AH. The researcher has tried to consider the explanation of the nomenclature for both of those who have linguistic differences stated or which referred to them with some of their requisites. As well as what effect does that naming have in the derivative noun directive. Reviewing the term naming and the motives of the multiple names of the same origin. Also, indicating the way the owners of differences are treated for the term of naming in their discussing for the derivatives

Abctract:
Nazik Al-Malaika’s collection of poems (Prayer and Revolution) revealed conscious and great pains in the self, and through its texts, it coalesced with the manifestations of the universe represented by water and its manifestations. Which has a great value in itself
The collection’s poems describe reality and expose its flaws, to reach a pure atmosphere that is integrated through prayer and its association with the rebellion that you know in its introduction to the group as the beginning of a transcendent transformation in the spirit to enter a more innocent and peaceful world. Great corruption and the call to change it to rise to the heights of endless good
It be found that the vocabulary of water and its manifestations distributed in concentration in the texts of the group and parallel to the call for rebellion against the dark reality, by revealing it first, and by envisioning a reality that transcends its time towards dimensions.

Abstract:
The research is concerned with confronting traffic accidents that occurred because of the driver, as they amounted to 80.5% of the total number of traffic accidents in the governorates of Iraq, which amounted to 10,753 accidents for the year 2019 and resulted in 8,653 accidents for the driver for the same year.
The descriptive analysis was extracted using the spss program for the number of accidents caused by the driver, so the arithmetic mean for this variable was (576.87) and the standard deviation of the same variable was (359.829). The arithmetic mean of the number of deaths was (175.73), while the standard deviation for the same variable amounted to (83,573). And for the number of wounded, the arithmetic mean was (776.73) and the standard deviation was (484.445) for a group of 15 governorates of Iraq for the year 2019. While the Pearson correlation rate between the number of accidents and the number of deaths was 0.883 and between the number of accidents and the number of wounded, it reached 0.937 in terms of 000, which is a direct correlation for both.
The research problem is determined: traffic accidents cause great human and financial waste to society as a whole, and the focus will be on the driver and his role in traffic accidents in Iraq, and what is the size of deaths and injuries resulting from him in the governorates of Iraq for the year 2019 ?
The research aims to preserve the human being, whether he is a driver, a passenger, or a pedestrian. Accordingly, traffic awareness comes as a preventive method to avoid falling into traffic accidents, by focusing on different segments of society from adults, youth and children, and absorbing traffic culture in all its dimensions, and this is done through various visual, audio and print media, and through appropriate traffic awareness programs in schools, as well as universities. and colleges, as well as within the family itself. This requires the concerted efforts of all society institutions in order to establish traffic awareness in order to ensure the safety of all, by reducing the rate of traffic accidents and the resulting negative effects .

Abstract:
Al-Mansour neighborhood, it is one of the high-end neighborhoods and is characterized by the high prices of land and real estate in it, as it is one of the old neighborhoods in the city of Baghdad. Al-Mansour, Al-Muthanna and Al-Qadisiyah neighborhoods are among the oldest neighborhoods, so they occupy the highest prices, being the most developed commercial areas in services, roads and modern multi-storey data. The price of land in these neighborhoods reached (35) million Iraqi dinars. In addition to other neighborhoods that are characterized by high prices of land and real estate as well, such as the housing neighborhood, Andalus, Al-Wash, Al-Yarmouk,Al-Jamaa neighborhood, Al-Adl neighborhood, Al-Khadra, Hittin, Al-Ameriya.
Land prices range between (1-20) million. ods are among the oldest neighborhoods, so they occupy the highest prices, being the most developed commercial areas in services, roads and modern multi-storey data. The price of land in these neighborhoods reached (35) million Iraqi dinars. In addition to other neighborhoods that are characterized by high prices of land and real estate as well, such as the housing neighborhood, Andalus, Al-Wash, Al-Yarmouk, Al-Jamaa neighborhood, Al-Adl neighborhood, Al-Khadra, Hittin, Al-Ameriya. Land prices range between (1-20) million.
There are several factors that affected the prices of land and real estate in Al-Mansour district, and the most important of these factors is the historical factor and the change in the morphology of the city through the stages of growth, emergence and development of the district ) as the commercial feature continued to prevail in most districts of the district, which is the main reason for the rise in prices as commercial activity represents the highest land prices Its ability to compete with the rest of the uses because it has a great economic return that is able to compensate for real estate prices and rent allowances through vertical investment for construction, so we see the
multi-storey high data in most of the stores of Al-Mansour, Al-Muthanna, Al-Qadisiyah and Andalusia. The location of the real estate also affects the variation in the price of the land, as well as determining the type of use, so we see the concentration of high commercial data along the main transport lines, and this makes competition sharp for the investment of land and real estate in the front facades of the main streets or secondary or secondary streets, and the security aspect affects the The price level In the year (2006-2009) some districts of the district became expelling the population due to the unstable security situation, terrorist operations and sectarian strife, so the price level decreased due to lack of desire, fear and forced displacement and became undesirable for housing, as is the case in Al-Adl, Al-Jamaa and Al-Ghazaliya neighborhoods, and this also affected the Commercial activity in the district.

Abstract:
Divorce is asocial problem that studies social geography by analyzing its spatial distribution, and social geography seeks to study and explain this problem by focusing on the spatial environment in which it occurred .the study aims to prepare asset of maps designed and produced according to the cartographic rules and foundations of the study area in proportion to the represented phenomenon and to choose the appropriate projection method for it in proportion to the purpose of its preparation and the scale used in drawing it .in addition to determining the size of the projection .the phenomenon of divorce in Basra district and administrative units and the diagnosis of its causes and effects. the study concluded that the age groups of 15- 21 were the highest category in which divorce occurred for the year 2019 ,while the lowest category represented 51- 55 among the divorce cases, while the educational level of the divorced had an impact on the highest percentage it appeared for males and females for primary certificate holders, while the lowest divorce rate appeared for both genders for doctoral degree holders, and marital in fidelity ranked first represented only by social reasons for divorce cases in 2019.

Abstract:
The most important predominant climate and geomorphological process in Al-Akrawi basin valley, whether have direct or indicate connection with the environment were investigated in this study. The effect of these process such as weathering and all type of erosions are presented with more details using photos and maps. In this study, image from the American satellite (Landsat 8) in 2020, in addition to digital elevation model (DEM) and number of distinctive maps of different scales, were used. Using some geographic information system programs such as ERDAS IMAGINE8.8 and ARC GIS V 10.3 and 10.6.1 for various analyses. The outcome indicated that the mechanical erosion is the prevalent in contrast to chemical and biological erosions due to the dry climate of the study area which lacks the required humidity to activate a chemical erosion even during winter.

Abstract:
It was found that the average marketed quantities of the tomato crop in the governorates of Basra and Dhi Qar for the agricultural seasons (2016 - 2017) (2017 - 2018) (2018 - 2019) amounted to (343,255) tons, which represents (99.95 %) of the total quantities produced. (343437) tons, Basra governorate accounted for the bulk of this quantity (98.03%) and the rest of Dhi Qar governorate (1.97 %). It represented (41.74%) of the total marketed quantities of the crop, while the share of the markets of other governorates of the marketed quantities of the tomato crop from the farms of Basra and Dhi Qar (1972) was (58.25%) of the total marketed quantities.

Abstract:
This study dealt with modeling of soil erosion by estimating the size of erosion and drift and determining its quantities and the areas most exposed to the risk of erosion through the use of the global equation for soil drift (RUSLE) for a solid structure in northern Iraq, with the aim of reducing this problem. The digital elevation model (DEM) was used, in addition to using space visualizations and calculating the drift equation using GIS and remote sensing software.
While the study concluded that the area has a very high and high classification, which represented an area estimated at (404.9) km2, out of the total area of the basin, which amounted to (684.1) km2, and this means that the study area is exposed to erosion and dangerous soil drift. It also showed that the most exposed areas for erosion and drift are the most receiving rain and the steepest, as the drift values reached 650 tons / hectare / year, in areas with very high erosion, and technology was of great importance for estimating the size of erosion in the study area; Through the use of remote sensing and geographic information systems to represent the vegetation cover, and then make a layer for each factor of soil erosion and drift.

Abstract:
The Mann-Kendall equation was used to analyze the seasonal time series of solar brightness values at the Basra and Karbala climatic stations for the period (2009 - 2010 / 2019 - 2020). This test is one of the nonlinear tests widely used to verify the existence of a potential significance in the direction of the time series. The results showed a downward trend in both stations for the fall and winter seasons, while the results of an analysis of the change direction of the actual sun’s brightness showed an upward trend in the summer and spring for both stations for the same time period.
Keywords: actual solar brightness, analysis of the trend of change, statistical significance.

Abstract:
The research aims at identifying the spatial organization of government and private health institutions in Basra including hospitals, specialized centers and private clinics concerning preparing institutions and their spatial organization, as well as preparing medical staff, health and nursing workers in each institution, and classifying health centers in Basra towns. According to several criteria such as spatial basis or the basis of the institution’s belongings and other classification , the study arrived at main conclusions which are necessary for planning aspect of services to Basra towns. Further, it was found that health institutions are randomly organized and there is a lack in preparation of institutions to all towns of the province, as it health institutions and their spatial distribution over the cities of the province. Basra, as well as the lack of preparation of institutions to fill the increasing need of the population for health services.

Abstract:
Rail transport is one of the basic pillars of the national economy, as it is the only means among the various means of transport capable of bearing the greatest burden of transport obligations, both for goods and passengers between all regions, at the lowest costs.
The research deals with a study of the status of railways and their role in the development of Basra Governorate for the period (2018-2020) based on the method of objective analysis of official data and converting them into tables and graphic forms.

Abstract:
A group of human factors participate in crystallizing many obstacles that stand in the way of agricultural development in the Shatt al-Arab district, represented by (agricultural policy, agricultural extension, lack of government support, marketing problems), so this study came to clarify the human problems facing the activity Beekeeping and the most important preventive measures for it at the district and sub-district level in Basra Governorate.

Abstract:
The study aims to reveal the importance and characteristics of metallurgical industries in the province of Basra, as well as the spatial analysis of these industries according to the districts and according to their type and classification according to type, size and sector in addition to clarifying the most important problems facing the growth and development of these industries in the province of Basra, first Industrial settlement, as it was concentrated. second The metal industries in the province of Basra were distinguished, which numbered (24) industrial types, with varying sizes for various metal products, which numbered (2110) industrial facilities, including small-sized (1886) facilities Medium-sized (220) facilities, and large-sized (4) facilities , (3) of which belong to the government sector. Third The metal industries also suffer from many problems, including poor financing and the openness of markets to preserve imported goods. In addition to the suspension of large facilities, which affected the development of these industries.

Abstract :
A study of the study of the spatial distribution of secondary education schools and their efficiency. The first study came as a study of the spatial study of secondary education in the study. While the second topic came to study the statistical methods used in measuring the spatial distribution of secondary schools using geographic information systems. The study ended with the third topic dealing with the study of the efficiency of secondary education schools in the Al-Imam Al-Qaim district. The researcher also used several programs in his study, whether in table analysis or in drawing maps and graphs, the most important of which is EXCEL-GIS 8.10. This study showed the poor spatial distribution of these schools, in addition to taking the irregular pattern in their spread and the small number of their buildings, etc.

Abstract:
Sand dunes are one of the manifestations of the Earth's surface in desert environments, as a result of environmental factors causing their origin.
These areas are of weak natural characteristics to the causative factors of desertification in dry environments. The phenomenon of sand dunes is a manifestation of desertification with an aerobic composition, so it is important to study these phenomena in The study area, because of its impact on the lands in which it spreads, and being one of the manifestations of desertification that affected the region in terms of lack of agricultural production and high salinity and other prominent manifestations, which we will address in the research and which take to expand significantly, especially the sand dunes, which are characterized by being fast-moving dunes, and this was observed during the field study in the study area, During this time, the types, shapes and sizes of the dunes scattered in the search area were identified.

Abstract:
Conserving biodiversity is one of the most important events of the twentieth century in the field of environmental sciences and life sciences, and represents a modern perspective on animal and plant life and their environments and the need to protect them from degradation and extinction. Environmental management is an important tool for decision makers as a source of information related to environmental aspects, and it can only be done through the enactment of legislation and laws and the involvement of everyone in the protection of ecosystems and their biodiversity through the dissemination of knowledge of diversity and its importance, and public awareness and education to promote the conservation of diversity through sustainable use.