Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Brucellosisconstitutes a major health problem around the world, especially in developing
countries. The sensitivity pattern of theBrucella isolates encountered in the most countries,
numerous studies were indicated thesensitivity ofBrucella melitensis tosome antibioticsand
resistance to another. The aim of this study to evaluated, in vitro, the effect of single and
combination of some antibiotics on theactivities ofBrucella melitensis.
This study includedcollection of (100) clinical sample of blood from different hospital in
Baghdad. Six isolates ofBrucellamelitensiswere identifiedanddetermine according to their
biotypes. The susceptibility todifferentantibiotics was evaluated by disk diffusion method and
MICs for some antibiotics used for brucellosis treatment were applied. Some antibiotics
combination affect at concentrations of sub MIC on the growth ofBrucella melitensis.
Results showed that isolates of Brucella melitensi were sensitive completely to
gentamycin, kanamycin and naldixic acid while it’s resistant to lincomycin, rifampicin,
ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacinanddoxycyline.
The MIC to doxycyclineandrifampicin were (40and5)μg/ml. respectively. There was
an important effect on bacterial growth when the following antibiotics were mixed as
(doxycyline+ rifampicin).The doxycycline changed the colonies from growth phase (pathogen
phase) to intermediate phase while the rifampicinhad no effect on colonies. The mixed of
doxycycline with rifampicin have effect that change the pathogen phase to non pathogen phase
(no growth phase).
By this study,we can conclude a combination of antibiotics should be used to treat
Brucellosis, tetracyclines, quinolones, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, rifampicin, and
streptomycin are commonly used preparations for this treatment.
Key words:Brucella,MICand Susceptibility.

Chemerin is a novel adipokine, suggested to be involved in insulin resistance in obesity
and type 2diabetes and may be an attractive candidate for assessing risk of atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease.
The aim of this study was to examine the role of chemerin as a new marker innewly
diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus accompanied with obesity and study the effect of age and
gender in chemerinconcentration.
This study included53 (24 male and 29 female) newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic
patientswho visited the National Diabetic Center, University ofAL-Mustansiriyah. Those
cases were referred to the Center during the period from November 2013 until the end of
August 2014. They were subdivided according tobody mass index; their age range was(38
52), and(35)healthy subjectswere selected as a control group; theywere well matched age
with patientsgroup.
There was a significant increase inwaist, waist/hip ratio, body mass index, fasting
blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein
cholesterol,C-peptide, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance2, andchemerin
levelsin newly diagnosed diabetic patients as compared to the control, (P=0.0001).
The results appear there was a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein
cholesterol. A significant difference was found in serumchemerin levels among lean,
overweight, and obese of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, (P=0.01).There was a
significant positive correlation between serum chemerin versusfastingblood sugar, glycated
hemoglobin, lipid profile except high density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-peptide, and
homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance2, while there was a significant negative
correlation betweenhigh density lipoprotein cholesteroland chemerin,(P<0.05).
It can be concluded thathigh levels of serum chemerin found in newly diagnosedtype
2diabeticpatientssuggest thatchemerin mayplay an important role in the pathogenesis of
insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Key Words:Chemerin, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, insulin resistance.

In this study, the new azetidinones were synthesized from Schiff bases 2(a-j) that derived
from amoxicillin (1) on treatment with chloroacetyl chloride in presence of triethylamine gave
azetidinone 3(a-j). The structure of these compounds have been elucidated on the basis of their
physical and spectral. Azetidinone compounds were also screened for their antibacterial activity
against some bacterial species using amoxicillin as standard.
Keyword: Schiff bases, azetidinones, synthesis, antibacterial activity.

Polycystic ovary (PCO) is the most common hormonal disturbance disease that
characteristic by anovulation, oligo-ovulation and increase androgen male hormone and presence
smallulcersin ovary.
This study aims to find the effects of vitamin D and Metformin on FBS, Insulin,
Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TG and VLDL for Patients Receiving them.
Two sets were used, the firstset(G1) includes14 patients aged range between 18 to 30
yearsold, whichdivided into twoclasses, thefirst class before treatment referred as (G1-A) and
the second classafter received vitamin D alone 4001.U the dose was aonce daily for about 3
months referred to as (G1-B).Similarly, the second set(G2)also divided into twoclasses, thefirst
class includes14patients their aged ranged between 19 to 30 years old before treatment referred
to as (G2-A) and the second class after received (500 mg)metformin three time daily) for about 3
months to as (G2-B).
Results showed that there are significant pre and post treatment mean difference for
fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TG,VLDL for patient that
receiving vitamin D alone; so the study shows significant effect of vitamin D on fasting blood
sugar and insulin resistance level. In second group that taken metformin alone, also there are
significant pre and post treatment mean difference for fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance,
cholesterol,HDL, LDL, TG and VLDL.Metformin reduced hyperglycemia primarily as a result
of reducing glucose production by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis) and the metformin
significantly decrease in serum insulin resistance,whereas metformin appear no significant effect
on testosterone level.
Keywords:polycystic ovary,testesteron hormone,vitamin D,metformin.

Maxillary midline diastema is oneof importantnumerical anomaliesof teeth which
characteras anopen spacebetweenthe maxillary central incisorsso that many studies have
been carried out in different countries of the world to findthe prevalence of maxillarymidline
diastema. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalenceof the maxillarymidline
diastema and assess thegenderdifference in a selectivesample of college and instituteIraqi
student age (18-22)yearin Baghdadcity.
A total sampleof(1460) studentsdistributedinto (680) males and(780) females. The
statisticalanalysisshowstheincidenceof maxillary midline diastema is (55)cases in the total
sample with percent (3.8%) which is in males (3.4%) and (4.1%) in female. So it isfoundin
females more thanin males, themaxillaryMidlineDiastema.
Keywords: Diastema,maxillary,Supernumerary teeth, central