Journal of International studies

Turkey has established its first diplomatic relations with African state – south of Sahara – that is ‘Ethiopia’ in 1926. But these relations remained below the ambitions till the coming of Erdogan government in 2002, which has held in 2008 the first Turkish- African conference in Istanbul. After this conference, Turkey decided to increase the number of its embassies from 12 to 27 embassies during one year, and increase its commercial cooperation from 12 billion in 2008 to 30 billion in 2012.
This research deals with the Turkish cultural, strategic, political, social, economic, and intelligence motives in Africa. It concludes that these relations will witness more development and cooperation to serve the interests of both sides.

This research deals with the profound changes that are witnessed by many Arab countries, starting in 2010 and so far. These changes which are in the midst of a continuous cycle have taken different forms, some take the form of peace and the other are mostly through violence.
The research stands at the winds of change that swept over the region due to calcification of their own political tyranny, selfishness, and exclusion. It also addresses the reasons that led to this, and the nature of those regimes that failed in continuity and renewal.

Europe has been associated with Iran in economic interests, yet, despite the sanctions imposed by USA on Iran since the mid-eighties, but Europe has distanced itself fromthose sanctions.
In 2002 Iran's nuclear program is exposed, a matter that led the Europeans to make a delegation included three countries: Britain, Germany and France to persuade Iran to freeze its program, but the negotiations, which lasted until the end of 2006, did not result in anything but just increased the insistence of the Iranian government to continue the program. This led the Security
Council to issue four decisions to pressure on Iran and to respond to the international community. For its part, the Iranian government believed that the nuclear program for peaceful purposes and it has the right to develop it.

Today as a result of the great technological development, most of us have a mobile equipped with a camera, and have, by one way or another, a connection to the Internet. In a moment we can capture what we see and send it to the world via the Web sites. If we have some knowledge about software, then we will be able to manipulate images and videos and then be shown to millions. Also for any event happened, we can watch it at home within moments via satellite, TV stations and networks, and Internet. Such developments contributed in publishing news and scandals, and make the actions and reactions out of our imagination. So, in such a way Abu Ghraib prison scandal spread, the Australian Julian Paul Assange through his Wikileaks website revealed some secrets, and also the popular protest in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria spread to make political and strategic changes. All of these massive developments are built on the development of communication and Information Technology. Information has taken an increasing role in today's world due to the scientific and technological developments on more than one level, and is expected to have an increasing role in the near future, a matter that imposes on specialists to return and take in considerations this serious and dangerous, but new and developed aspect, and find out its impact on foreign policy.

On this basis, the research shows the centralized nature of decision making process in its comprehensive sense, and emphasizes its importance in the life of the individual, society, and state in different patterns and forms. It has indicated the significant difference between foreign policy decision making as a subject of analysis according to methodological pattern which studies various aspects of foreign policy and the elements affecting the forming it.
The research deals with the significant role of information in our life, especially in moments where decisions are made, as indicated by the two scientists Tom Stonier and Alvin Toffler, and as reflected by the facts and daily developments of the growing role of information technology.

This research deals with one of the most important subjects in Iraqi political life that is the competition of Islamic parties in Iraq toward democracy after 2003, in practice and thought.
The research is divided into three chapters, as well as introduction and conclusion.
The first chapter deals with the theoretical analysis of the issue of Islamic authority of modern democracy in Iraq. While chapter two focuses on the relationship between Islamic parties and democracy before 2003. The third chapter deals with the paradoxes of democracy in Iraq, analyzing their negative impacts on political life.
Finally, the research ends with a conclusion which includes the most important results and conclusions of the research.