ADAB AL-BASRAH

The aim of the study is to tackle the structure of nature poetry description of IBN KHAFAJAH AL – ANDALUSI and the analysis of the artistic structure in the type of his poetry . IBN KHAFAJAH can be regarded as the greatest poet in Al- Andalus in describing the nature of his poetry which is considered as a symbol for a attractive magic and beauty of nature and it regards as source of inspiration for his poetry . His poetry has a great influence on his style so he has been given a surname as (guardian of Al-Andalus ) .for this reason we pay him more attention .

No culture has been misrepresented and distorted by Western cultures like the Arab/Islamic one. Translation plays a considerable role between different cultures it encounters and their respective languages. The paper will try to concentrate on how the Western world looks at the Arab culture through translation; it has an enormous negative effect on the way Arabs are viewed abroad. The fast development in communications has decreased the element that causes difficulty in translating elements from the insider point of view of the Arab/Islamic cultures. The key to cultural translation which can lead to a globally understood culture is to ensure rationality in the target culture, especially if the openness of the target text and beliefs allow multiple interpretations.

The paper is concerned with the metatheatrical aspect of Thomas Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy. It argues that the confusion generated by the play is due to its unique ontological structure with its characteristically proliferating fictional worlds. The paper addresses these issues using modern theories of fictionality, like possible worlds and make-believe theories, as metatheatre incarnates the multiplicity of worlds and as its effect is generated by the success of the make-believe games. Through this analysis the play is shown to decentralize the concept of the ‘actual’, redefines the concept of mimesis itself, and emphasizes the peculiarity and indispensability of dramatic representation in general.

Political poetry is considered to be one of the most important subjects that the traditional poets wrote about it in Kuwait. The poets have been influenced by patriotic movement of the poetry in Egypt, Iraq and Syria. The poets of this time were Khalid Al-faraje, Sakar Al-shibeeb, Abid Al-Muhsen Al-Rejhaid and Muhammed Al-Utaibi. The political poetry dominated their works and in particular the works of Khalid Faraje, Sakar Al-shibeeb and Abid Alla Hassain. Their personal manner is affected by the political situation. It's considered as a psychological revolution against the bad state of the Palestinian people and for all the Arab Nation.

Shaimaa Othman MuhamadPersuasion is a prerequisite of literary discourse, which includes points of view and thoughts that work to persuade and influence the addressee. Aristotle was the first to talk about persuasion and put principles to be achieved. So in our research we built on his model in his Rhetoric, translated by Abdal Rahman Badawy.
In this research, we study the style of the question to achieve effective linguistic persuasion , and recognize the way in which the articles represent by the Saudi writer (Gazi al qusaipy) and how he achieves his persuasive ends.

This research studies the establishment of tables in various social events that were held in Andalusia, and the preparation of different kinds of food and meals to suit those events. The research also studies the establishment of tables to help the poor and people in need, and to provide food in times of crisis that was striking in Andalusia, which has very bad impact on people in general and the poor in particular. Those tables presented by well-off people and the government to help them improve their living.

Since the end of world war, the nuclear weapons started internationally, There were more than fifty nuclear weapons explosions between June 16th 1949 and January 31th, 1953. All this motivated the Indian government to develop its nuclear program which was initially launched to serve only peaceful aims. But the tension between India and china after 1962 war between the two countries in addition to the fact that China carried out its first nuclear explosion in 1964, pushed the Indian government to pay more attention to its nuclear program, especially when the political parties and the parliament put pressure on the government. All this came together to sign a treaty of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons.. USSR and the United States wanted to show their good intentions about nuclear disarmament, without taking in consideration the countries that already declared their possession to a nuclear weapon. Neither USSR nor the United States gave any guarantees in case of possible attack. In this regard, we will try to unearth the facts behind developing the Indian nuclear program since the independence till the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and the soviet policy towards it.

This research deals with activity of Sheikh Saadoun al-Saadoun; Sheikh of Muntafiq clans and his relationship with the Ottoman government in the era of Unionists since 1908 A.D. The most important element which this research focuses on is the position of Saadoun Pasha from the coup of Committee of Union and Progress and his relation with Ottoman authorities in Iraq which granted him the authority for collecting taxes in Muntafiq Brigade Under the title of Mosleh Al Gharraf, and how Saadoun Pasha has used such powers and its impacts on the clans in the brigada.
Afterwards, the research moves to talk about the relationship of Saadoun Pasha with Wally of Baghdad Nazim Pasha 1910-1911 A.D. who has dealt with al saadoun in general and saadoun pasha , in particular, where he has received him in Baghdad and entrusted him with the mission of subjugating Muntafiq clans and Disarming it, the matter which led to increasing his powers. Moreover, Saadoun Pasha has followed harsh policy against the clans, which eventually led to the revolution of such clans, which raised turmoil in Muntafiq Brigade and forced the Ottoman Empire to arrest and exile him outside Iraq, He died in 1911

The AH calendar has great importance to the Muslim world due to its connection to the total worships imposed by allah on the muslims., and the absence of AH calendar made a lot of criticisms, this is why I worked on meridian passing through Makkah and the central pairing of the moon and the time of the noon prayer as a base to make AH calender. It has been studied the correspondence of this theory with the crescent to the three known standards ( Yalop, South Africa, Odea).

This study highlights the unemployment problem in Basrah governorate through diagnosing the negative role of unemployment in the society and its negative impacts on peoples’ life .as it is manifested in different ways. It is an economical phenomenon showing the unbalance between economical activity and the active powers; and it is also a social phenomenon that foregrounds the negative impacts on the people in general.. In addition, unemployment is a geographical phenomenon showing the geographical variation in the general level of the districts and in the administrative units and also with regards to urban and rural environments .
The study includes several dimensions: the first one is about unemployment, its concepts, types, and measuring. The second includes the percentage of contribution of manpower, its situation, and percentage of manpower to the total number of population; the third point focuses on the position of Basrah Governorate in regards to the average of unemployment. The fourth dimension is about the geographical distribution of the unemployment phenomenon. The fifth dimension is about the population characteristics of the unemployment in regards to the gender, age and academic degree. The sixth dimension is concerned with the causes of unemployment. Consequently the study includes the methods of solving the problem of unemployment in Basrah.

This study aims to evaluate the library collection in the central library , university of Basrah , to determine its suitability to the users need to know their opinions and to what degree they benefit from the sources of the library. It also aims to identify the positive points to develop them and the negative ones to find the right solution.
The Descriptive Approach (Case study) is used to collect the data. Clapp – Jordan formula is also used to evaluate the numeral approximately. Furthermore, direct interviews with the general secretary of the central library and the researcher for both the observation and the checking.

In this study we attempt to show the general features of the Philosophical critique as were reflected in their Philosophical views in pre-sophists period .
The Philosophical school which rose before the rise of sophists movement was familiar with philosophical critique, but it was not aimed to be a direct attack to the philosophical views but only concerned to marshal evidence to prove its position.
Proofs this could be noticed in the criticism of one philosopher to another or one school to another like the criticism of the School of Elea and the Pythagoreans and the Multiplicity school.