Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal

Companies compete greatly with each other today, so they need to focus on innovation to develop their products and make them competitive. Lean product development is the ideal way to develop product, foster innovation, maximize value, and reduce time. Set-Based Concurrent Engineering (SBCE) is an approved lean product improvement mechanism that builds on the creation of number of alternative designs at the subsystem level. These designs are simultaneously improved and tested. The weaker choices are removed gradually until the optimum solution is finally reached. SBCE implementations have been extensively performed in the automotive industry and there are a few cases studies in the aerospace industry. This research describes the use of trade-off curve as a lean tool to support SBCE process model in Configuration Optimization of Next Generation Aircraft project (CONGA), using NASA simulation software version 1.7c and CONGA demonstration program (DEMO program). This method will help designers and engineers to extract the design solution according to the customer requirement to achieve low noise engine at an aerospace company, and also extract the infeasible region where the designers cannot make any prototype in this region before manufacturing process begin, that will lead to reducing rework, time and cost.

Due to the development that occurs in the technologies in information systems, many techniques were introduced and played an important role in the connection between machines and people through the internet, it is also used to control and monitor machines. These technologies are called cloud computing and the Internet of Things. With the replacement of computing resources with manufacturing resources cloud computing named converted into cloud manufacturing.The problem is that there are some materials that are not safe to keep workers in touch with it, or the manufacturing process needs the place to be kept clean, such as IC manufacturing, and these processes must be remote controlled and manufactured. In this research, cloud computing was used in the field of manufacturing to automate the process of selecting the G-code that the computer numerical control machine works with, this process was applied by using this machine with the radio frequency identification and some AWS Cloud services and some of the python libraries such as PAHO (the library that was used with the MQTT protocol) to establish the connection between devices.A present sensor value (A sensor called DHT sensor) was used in this research to measure temperature and humidity in clouds to help the operator make decisions. This technology was used to eliminate paperwork, provide a real time monitoring of the machines, and allows the upper level of management to make their decisions about the products and its status to begin the shipping to the costumer.Technology called “ethernet” over internet protocol has been used to control and monitor machines through a remote by using a Mikrotik router device, and a virtual private network (VPN) was used to make a unique IP address for each machine.This research will solve the availability of worker mobility and the monitoring of the machines of a difficult machining material that is dangerous to workers life during the process. Keywords: Internet of Things, Cloud Manufacturing, CNC machine, RFID sensor.

The response of the combustor’s liner to the air-flow that passes through it is the key reason for the combustion chamber’s noise, hence, the instabilities of the chambers that decrease the mechanical efficiency of such sections by increasing its mechanical vibrations, which increases the failure rate that is created during the origination of the cracks that spread by the shakes that are produced by a series of high-level frequencies. Accordingly, any work debating the impact of the context of the liners in the combustion chamber can provide grasping for the combustion noise generated by the undesirable vibrations, and benefits the industrial firms to design an ideal production procedure which increases the lifespan of the combustor. The goal of this work is to examine the influence of the acoustic treatment using a double layers cylindrical perforated liner on the acoustic transmission loss of gas turbines. The liners layout influences on this acoustic parameter were examined using experimental data gained by the insertion of full scale single and double patterns of perforated liners into the unique large scale acoustic wind tunnel at the acoustic research center at Hull University. The experimental tests, using the designed acoustic signals, were established firstly without existing air cross-flow velocity (i.e., 0m/s), then by employing air with velocities interval 5m/s ranging between 10m/s to 25m/s. MATLAB script was used to simulate, analyze, and figure out the data collected by the insertion of single and double layer patterns of the perforated liner. The experiments demonstrated that, if the perforation acoustic treatments are applied, the acoustic transmission loss will decrease particularly obviously at higher level frequencies. Furthermore, the results exposed that the air tunnel with the insertion of the liner with double layers reveals an improved perforation acoustic treatment with a percentage of about 19 % in most cases.

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is the refractive technique that began with a physical scraping of the epithelial layer of cornea subsequent by laser treatment. Post this procedure to about 48 hours the removed epithelial layer regenerated to protect the eye again. The regeneration process (called re-epithelization) started from the limbus of the cornea toward the central part of it. The re-epithelization mechanism consists of a change in cell density (mitosis) and cell concentration (migration) with a velocity in two directions: radial and tangential. In the present study, an estimation for both radial (responsible for the overlapped layers toward the outward direction of the cornea) and tangential components (contour shape wave from limbus to the center) has been done for the first time, not like the previous studies that always estimate the velocity values of the re-epithelization only. Results showed that the trend shape of both components agrees with the kinematic behaviour of the mitosis and migration, where the maximum cell density fluctuated toward the central part in exponential decay shape. For a healing diameter of 2mm, the maximum redial velocity was 16.85 µm/h, while the maximum tangential velocity was 55.48 µm/h. These two components give a speed of re-epithelization of 58 µm/h which agrees with the biological and practical healing speed measured of 60 µm/h. Estimating these two components will open the way to understand the relationship between the total epithelial layer required and the total healing time to control the medication period for the patient post-surgery.

Today many people suffering from health problems like dysfunction in lungs and cardiac. These problems often require surveillance and follow up to save patient\'s health, besides control diseases before progression. For that, this work has been proposed to design and develop a remote patient surveillance system, which deals with four vital signs (temperature, SPO_2, heart rate, and electrocardiogram ECG). An adaptive filter has been used to remove any noise from the signal; also, a simple and fast search algorithm has been designed to find the features of ECG signal such as Q, R, S, and T waves. The system performs analysis for medical signs that are used to detected abnormal values. The acquire data from different sensor are sent to the Base-station if it have some medical issues, otherwise new data window are taken for analysis. In addition, it generates an alarm to the physicians via ringing up mobile and SMS to overcome the internet disconnected. The system has been designed to achieve precision, small size, and low energy consumption. Three types of sensors have been used in this work, ECG, SPO_2, and temperature sensors. Also, a sim800L GSM module has been used for communications, the main controller in this work is ESP32 unit.