Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

One of the most important basics is to make the learning people aware of the competition importance to develop the level of skilful performance and its development as well as convincing them that the participation in the competition does not depend only on the individual aspects but also it is connected to social aspect . Thus, the learning person participation in the competition is generally identified through personal motives and inclination which touch the individual in a direct way. Here it is possible to identify the research problem and formulating it through the following question : Is the collective competition has a positive effect on learning stages of long jump by students ?

Feedback of motor sense is considered to be the basis for the correct performance in throwing mallet , and this leads the bowler to control the movements which might occur and let him to review other motor sides so that the feedback information can be compatible with the motor performance, and this will make the bowler make a better performance in competitions .Thus, the researchers aimed to find solutions for this problem through visual observation for the bowler performance and its review by the player and coach to identify the exact defect in the performance and avoid it through the repeated practices accompanied with this kind of feedback . The research may require measuring some of mechanical variables to state the efficiency of using the feedback through repeated and immediate visual observation for its correction. The research sample was applied by Iraqi bowlers of mallet for three times a week and for (7) weeks . One of the research result was the development of the momentary push at the moment of throwing and accelerating the development of the summation (vertical and tangential) at the moment of throwing the mallet, And decreasing the amount of movement differences between the situation of throwing the final throw and develop a final achievement.

Boxing is considered to be one of the popular games , which is played on the individual
l level to attain the high achievement ,and the high achievement is largely connected to the mental operations such as a reaction to the nature of boxer performance in the round that features with fast pace and abruptness . Furthermore , most opinions indicate that the boxers possesses this variable which make him in the best position of achievement , and the test based on a similar real round as well as there are scientific criteria for the test ,thus, it is regarded one of the basic fundamental for sport training of boxing for the sake of reaching objective results which serve those interested in boxing .
Biomechanics study in physical education ,especially in boxing, which is represented in studying reasons of movement occurring during punching through presenting the most suitable motoring solutions by using motor analysis ,which form the basic and scientific principles to guide the sport coach in the various of offensive punches . Throughout the analysis ,we can identify the most important variables because boxing is concerned with the nervous and muscular system initially ,consequently , it is possible to identify strengths and weaknesses . There is no doubt that the straight punches require interest in these aspects . Based on what it is mentioned , the research is important to cover important aspects in boxing , which is represented in building and rationing a test for a reaction of straight punches . Throughout the research , weaknesses and strengths of the boxer can be identified , consequently , identifying biomechanical variables .This study also works on providing the boxers and coaches with data about boxing in a scientific and precise way .
The research aims to :
1.Building and rationing a test of a reaction for the straight punch.
2.Identifying the relationship between a reaction with some biomechanical variables of straight punches in boxing .

The two researchers ,through watching a five year football lesson, in the college of physical education and sport sciences , observed that most female students have no desire or weakness in resisting of receiving this activity ,which led to the hesitation of the most of female students to practice such an activity with motivation of receiving skills of this lesson .Consequently , it caused a difficulty to deliver the idea to enjoy this lesson due to the skills that the female student can acquire rigidity and strength . Also, one of the corners that keep the individual strong in the difficult conditions is having the psychological rigidity .
The research aims to :
1.Identifying the psychological rigidity and psychological hesitation of third stage female students in the college of physical education and sport sciences in football
(lounges)
2.Identifying the relationship between psychological rigidity and psychological hesitation of third stage female students in the college of physical education and sport sciences in football (lounges)

The research problem is that there are many coaches who do not prefer the variety in the exercises to develop the physical abilities and depend mostly on weight lifting without the other training devices .In every research ,there a problem which face the researchers according to the specialization. The problem here which motivates the researchers to conduct this research is a training problem in the field of the explosive capacity . The two researchers believed in the scientific research as a scientific means for accessing the facts. Therefore, the two researchers aimed to study the priority of using weight lifting exercises or biometrics to develop the explosive capacity of the legs muscles of young boxers at the age of 18-20 .
The research aims to prepare exercises of weight lifting and biometrics for young boxers ,joining the Alshurtaa sport club at the age of 18 -20 years ,totaling 20 players. .The research sample is divided into three groups .The first group uses weight lifting exercises . The second group uses biometrics exercises. The third group . The third uses the regular exercises of the coach .
After series of procedures , the two researchers concluded the following :
1.It is possible to depend on exercises (weight lifting , biometrics ) as effective methods to develop the explosive capacity for legs , research sample for boxers at the age of 18-20 years .
2. Exercises ( biometrics) have a big priority to develop the explosive capacity for legs muscles , for research sample of boxers at the age of 18-20 years

The studies ,which is interested in physical preparation for different games, are considered to be one of the studies that take into consideration measuring the psychological features related to each game for providing the coach with information regarding these features and stating their importance as well as their roles in particularity of this game and its relationship with playing way as well as applying the special basic skills .
Football is one of the most important games due to its popularity globally . The sensory-motor process is considered to be one of the most important factors on which training is grounded ,especially the young goalkeepers in football. There is no doubt that the senses have a big and important role ,thus, if a goalkeeper has a big capacity of sense , it will assist to raise his level of performance .
This study aims to identify The effect of sensory-motor exercises in some aspects of attention among young goalkeepers in Football . The researcher chose the national center for sport talent guardianship . The researcher aimed to use the statistical means to display data .

The study aimed to identify which chores and jobs that lead to cause cervical pain as well as identifying the method of work and the devices used and their relationship with the pain. In addition , identifying the most aged group people in which the pain appears and the relationship of mass and height of the body with pain . Furthermore, the study aimed to identify the types of treatments used by the research sample and its effectiveness for the pain . The research sample included (75) women aged between (27-54) years. The researcher used the questionnaire as a tool for data collection including 39 questions ,distributed on (6) axes for accessing the study objectives .After collecting data out of study sample and processed statistically , the study concluded that most of the sample individuals ,whose age (41-50) years, suffer from suffer chronic cervical pain . In addition , the results showed that housewives are the most ratio of other sample individual who suffer from the pain . Thus, the results proved that house-keeping chores are the main caused for cervical pain among the study sample . Moreover, the effectiveness of the other occupational tasks in causing pain . Whereas , the results didn’t prove that the mass and height of the body has a relationship with causing the pain among the study sample.

Youth institutions and movements (Scout education) are considered to be one of irregular the learning institutions ,which include programs and many educational activities that contribute to educate young people and prepare them to develop the society . The importance of the current study deals with a basic and important issue ,which is the issue of development due to its importance in the developed and developing countries alike .The study aims to identify the role that Philosophy and history of Scout Education has in the overall development in the society as well identifying the scope of what scout educational philosophy and its history which is connected to good youth might do and the scope of making a moral regular revolution which serve the society

Planning for the learning and training process in the field of gymnastics must include all physical , skilful and psychological plans which are regarded as basic factors for accessing the required integration to achieve the high levels. Gymnastic skills are regarded of great importance ,which require big numbers to raise the level of the technical performance of the players . The research significance has been demonstrated in setting special exercises for stretching the muscles ,working on learning some of gymnastic skills in the hands of coaches ,teachers as and those working on training gymnastics as well as central and sub- federations to raise level of technical performance for individuals, female students or junior players.

Footballer behavior must not be isolated and depend only on his individual abilities ,but there must be an interaction with the other team players in line with the general performance of the sport team or club . Thus, players should be selected according to their high degree of interaction . We normally observe that the player is selected in the team according to his individual excellence regardless of the situation in which he can interact with other team players. The research significance is demonstrated through identifying social and interactive communication among the team members ( players) and its effect on the individual organization ,all of which are reflected in the sport team performance inside the green rectangle ( stadium) through maintenance and protection of the team as well as maintaining the harmony of the performance.

The research aimed to prepare special ,physical and skilful exercises to develop motor response technical performance of some standing handles among advanced free wrestlers as well as identifying the effect of special exercises on the used research variables . The researcher used the experimental approach for its suitability to the research problem . The design of the two equal groups of pre- and post test has been randomly selected. The research sample of Diyalaa province advanced wrestlers whose weight (57-61 kg) by (8) wrestlers . Furthermore , the researcher used the suitable means and tools . An exploratory experiment has been conducted as well as pre-test and applying special exercises , then , post-tests haven conducted . Finally, the data has been discharged and processed statistically ,then, displayed, analyzed and discussed .

The study aims to :
-Identifying the values of biomechanical variables (research subject) and achievement level among methods of tests of vertical Jump of stability through different methods of volleyball players .
- Investigating the differences in the values of biomechanical variables
(research subject) and achievement level among methods of tests of vertical Jump of stability through different methods of volleyball players.
The study has been conducted on a sample consisting of (9) players in Qarakosh volleyball team for the year 2013-2014 . The researchers used the technical scientific observation (video photography) as a means for data collection .
The trials have been analyzed by using (Max TRAQ) program , then , data have been statistically processed through using Mean, Standard deviation , T-test for the correlative samples . The researchers concluded the following :
-The performance by weighted arms leads to achieve the best possible achievement
- The angle of tilt trunk in the moments of pushing and dropping had a big effect on accelerating the body, then, achieving the highest height .
(the utmost achievement)

The research identified the most important incidental results for learning arising from learning motor skills as well as identifying every motor and physical resultant and the reasons for its development through type of activities and hours which first stage students study in the college of physical education and sport sciences .
The researchers selected (20) male and female students , divided equally into (10) male students and (10) female students after selecting them by deliberate method of research sample out of the original community ,totaling (80). The sample underwent for a pre-test at the beginning of the academic year 2014-2015 and underwent post-test at the end of the academic year.
The tests have been conducted on a group of physical and motor resultants . That group has been selected through questionnaire form, prepared by the researchers and checked by experts , stating the results which may develop due to practical lessons among first stage lessons and hours number .
The tests have been conducted in the form of a test for every physical and motor resultant grounded on scientific bases . The data have been statistically processed through extracting means, standard deviations and T calculated Value. The results proved that there is improvement between the post-tests for male and female students and Pre-test due to the practical lectures that the students practiced during the study year . The improvement was different between them since the explosive capacity for the lower limbs of male students was better than the female students as well as the prominent force in speed of upper and lower limbs . The improvement in the flexibility and agility of female students was better than male students .
The researchers concluded that the practical lectures achieve development as well as its main objective to gain the correct technique for each skill and identifying each activity and what its requirements of physical and motor features

The emotional stress is considered to be one of the negative factors which affect the individual performance .It is widely know that the practical tests are outcomes of students efforts during lessons , therefore, the interest in practical lessons has become a priority for students, which adds big physical and psychological burdens on them
The research problem is that the researcher tried to find a tool for measuring the level of performance of the emotional tension associated with the practical lessons of the first stage students .
The research objectives were building and rationing of emotional tension among first stage students , finding criteria and levels for measuring emotional tension and the use of descriptive approach by survey method.
The two researchers limited the research community and the research included steps of conducting the research such as procedures of building and rationing the measure of emotional tension and psychometric characteristics for the measure which includes measure reliability and stability as well as deriving the criteria for measuring the emotional tension and standard levels for measuring emotional tension as well as applying the measure after completing its ultimate image .
The research included presenting , analyzing and discussing the results as well as Statistical estimates for the measure and presenting ,analyzing and discussing the level of emotional tension . In addition, the two researchers concluded the current measure is a tool for investigating the emotional tension . The research sample is distributed for five of level for measuring the emotional tension . The research sample achieved intermediate level for the measure of emotional tension . The two researchers recommended that it is necessary to depend the current measure which the researchers designed for investigating the level of emotional tension as well as conducting similar studies to identify the relationship between the emotional tension and the level of students achievement in the practical and theoretical lessons.

The research problem evolved through observing that there are some skills such as opening and annexing jump skills on a jump table in gymnastic devices for men and their performance has a relationship with the athlete ( a student or a player) tension during process of learning or training , or even in sport competitions as well as any situations or events that may have direct and clear effects on the athletes behavior on the level of his abilities and skills and his relations with others.
The two researchers aimed to study the clear anxiety and identifying its relationship with skill of opening and annexing jump on a jump table .
The research aims to :
1.Identifiy the clear anxiety of third stage students in the college of physical education and sports sciences in the university of Babylon .
2. Identifying the performance of opening and annexing jump skills on a jump table in gymnastic devices of third stage students in the college of physical education in the university of Babylon.
3. Identifying the relationship between Clear anxiety and its relationship with the performance of opening and annexing jump skills on a jump table in gymnastic devices of third stage students in the college of physical education in the university of Babylon.
The two researchers used the descriptive approach by survey method and the correlative relations because it is the best and easiest approaches for accessing to achieve the objectives set . The research sample selected randomly was limited to the third stage students in the college of physical education and sport sciences in the university of Babylon for the academic year 2014-2015 ,totaling 40 students out of 130 students representing the research community. Also, the researchers used a measure of clear anxiety ,designed by Janet Tylor ,and Mohmmad Hasan Alawee prepared its Arabic image , and it included 50 items. The researcher also used his test of skills of opening and annexing jump on a jump table by gymnastic device . Finally, the data were statistically processed .