Osol Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Calcitonin is a hypocalcemic factor secreted by the parafollicular cells of the mammalian thyroid and it plays a role in the calcification of the dental matrix.


Aim of the study: To evaluate the role of Calcitonin in the dental tissue


Material and Method: Sixty albino wister female rats (2-3 months of age, 200-250 gm of weight), were used in the present experiment. The rats were divided into:



The control group consists of 20 rats that received distilled water (I.M.).

Experimental group: consists of 40 rats, 20 rats received Calcitonin in 0.1 IU and remain 20 rats received 0.5 IU of Calcitonin (I.M).


From all pregnant rats, prenatal embryos (16 days I.U.L and 18 days I.U.L and postnatal embryos (1 day and 10 days old were studied radiographically using Promax X-ray and histologically (by Hematoxylin and eosin stain), biochemical analysis for alkaline phosphatase was done to blood sample obtained from prenatal group and delivery rats.


Results: The present study showed that embryos with Calcitonin 0.1 IU illustrate histologically:



Tooth germ in cap stage of 16 days of I.U.L.

Tooth germ in bell stage with cervical loop development at 18 days of I.U.L.

Tooth germ showed deposition of hard tissue enamel and dentin at one day old rat.

Tooth germ showed maturation of hard tissue enamel and dentin at 10 days old rat.








Histologically: Embryos with 0.5 IU illustrate retardation in tooth development and impairment in calcification and maturation of enamel and dentin, with a wide zone of predentin formation. Radiographically: Cephalic and lateral views of embryos treated with 0.1 and 0.5 IU showed low density of skeletal bone and head. Biochemically: The mean concentration of alkaline phosphatase enzyme was recorded to be less in experimental groups (0.1 and 0.5 IU of calcitonin) in comparison to the control group and they are less in the 0.5 IU group in comparison to 0.1 IU group.


Conclusion: Calcitonin hormone of 0.1 IU dose showed to be the initiator and illustrates premature tooth development. Whereas 0.5 IU dose showed to be retarder for tooth germ development and effects on mineralization and maturation of bone and dental hard tissue.

Diabetes mellitus is a class of metabolic problems where an individual has raised glucose, either because there is not sufficient insulin delivered by the pancreas, or because cells do not respond to the insulin generated. This study aims to evaluate some biochemical variables in humans with type 2 diabetes and their relationship to exacerbating the disease condition. Seventy patients suffering from diabetes mellitus and fifty healthy people were incorporated as should be expected controls for this review. Blood examination was done for every one of them which incorporate serum glucose, lipid profile, urea, creatinine and liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT) levels. This study included the verification of some biochemical variables by measuring their levels in diabetics and healthy people.


As the levels of all the variables under study increased in diabetics except for high-density lipoproteins, its level decreased compared to the results obtained for the same variables in healthy people.

Objective; objective of the present research is the evaluation of the roles of IL-10 and IL-33 indicators in pathophysiology of sinusitis patients


Methods; The conducted investigation occurred inside the capital Bagdad during time period from March to July 2022, thirty-six blood samples had from patients suffering from sinusitis that attending outpatients clinics after screening them by specialist physician. Additionally, thirty-two blood samples were collected from individuals without disease and considered them as control group. Study ages were ranged from 17 - 60 years All markers were quantified in all participants by utilizing enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with kits provided from Bio-Sources International (Camarillo,USA) Results of current investigation were calculated by SPSS v. 21.0 and Prism v.6 statistical software programs.


Results Findings of our investigation showed the age groups 30-50 years appeared highest percentages in patients (43.75%) and controls (50.00%). Our research showed the most patients were it found the most patients were females (62.5%) compared to males (37.50%)and controls (36.11% and 63.89%) Our results showed a highly significant increase (P ≤ 0.01) in IL-10 level in patients compared to controls and a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in IL-33 level was observed in patients compared to controls .It has been noted increased levels of IL-10 and IL-33 in patients ≤30 years and decrease levels in patients 30-50 and >50 years with significant differences (p<0.05).As for gender show increased levels of IL-10 and IL-33 in males higher than in females ( 127.61 ±4.01 , 16.22 ±1.68) and ( 124.29 ±1.56 , 15.97 ±2.08) respectively. don’t showed significant differences (p>0.05) with gender patients.


Conclusion According to the study's findings, males had a higher incidence of sinusitis than females. Sinusitis patients had higher levels of IL-33 and IL-10 than controls, but as they grew older, their levels declined due to decreased protein synthesis, inflammation, organ dysfunction, and chronic illness. All of these traits play a part. IL-10 and IL-33 levels are decreasing with increasing age.

This cross–sectional study included 200 individuals, 15 males of one year, 25 females of one to 5 years old, 100 males of 10-73 years, and 60 females of 15-73 years, presented to official and private laboratories in Baqubah - City, during the 2023 year. Blood samples were collected upon which some biochemical constituents related to hepatic disturbances were determined, including transferase enzymes, serum bilirubin, serum alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, serum total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, and creatinine. The results showed that mean values of alanine aminotransferase were high in young males, and adult males, and females, the highest was in adult males. There is significant variance between young and adults and between males and females. The mean of aspartate aminotransferase was high in young females, and adult males and females. Means of alkaline phosphatase was high in the adult males and females. The mean of total bilirubin was high in all groups, direct bilirubin was higher than normal in adult males and females. Means of indirect bilirubin were within normal, cholesterol values were within normal. total protein low in young females, globin level high in adult males albumin level was high in young males. In conclusion, ALT was high in young males, while AST was high in young females. ALT, AST ALP, and direct bilirubin were high in adult males, and females. Total bilirubin levels were high in all groups. indirect bilirubin, cholesterol was within normal. total protein low in young females, globin level high in adult males albumin level was high in young males.