ADAB AL-BASRAH

Modern prosody is getting away from the prosodic circle due the clears that new generation seek simple and easy ways of dealing with teaching materials .this research emphasize that the effort exerted by al-Khalil in stipulating these prosodic circles has not been intellectual luxury though which he wanted to prove his genius .Reading such scientific achievement show a number of issues :
1. Unveiling the methodology against which linguistics is based.
2. Uncovering the mater relationships between linguistics and mathematics .
3. Activating the reception process via reason and thought .
Here , this papers research shads on different aspect of al-Khalil`s prosody circles via on oral tic reading that introduce on effort that cannot be overlooked .The research comprise on introduction the methodology adopted by al-Khalil is setting the circles are set : rhyme a sound and quantity .
The research also accounts odes for the opinions of scholars and attempts and argument with two modern views : (Mustafa Jamal elDeen`S and Kamal Abo Deeb`S ) . The research is concluded with on analytic reading of one of the prosody circle (al-Mukhtalif circle ) to be an example for understanding other circles .

The emergence of ‘the Islamic state of Iraq and Syria’ (ISIS) was surprising not only because of its rapid expansion geographically across Syria and Iraq, but also because of its global influence. That is represented in its ability to attract large numbers of volunteers, from almost all around the world.Since June 2014 when Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi, leader of ISIS, ceremoniously declared the formation of the Caliphate and himself as the self-proclaimed Caliph, the international media has reported on this group that become the talk of media, especially American media. This interest has motivated and drawn the attention of the researcher to study and analyze the image of ISIS in the New York Times (NYT) to show how it represents this organization linguistically by uncovering possible underlying ideologies.This study looks into 20 articles and analyzes these news articles will be done using van Leeuwen’s (2008) Social Actor Approach. The analysis shows that the NYThas represented ISIS as an active dynamic social actor. Additionally, ISIS is portrayed as powerful social actor, and therefore, as the negative-other representation.

The present study aims to investigate critically Tony Blair’s speech about the Iraq War 2003 with special attention to argumentation (practical reasoning). He addressed this speech to the nation as he gave the order to the British forces into action in Iraq on Thursday 20 March 2003.The study also aims to establish a unified analysis of political discourse through taking goals to be imagined as states of affairs represented in circumstantial premises striped by a value premise. The goals of such a study are twofold: first, to gain a better understanding of political discourse, Blair’s discourse as an example here from an argumentative point of view; second, to demonstrate, as held by modality of his speech, that he intends to persuade the British society, UN and all those who stand against invading Iraq. It is the first time a political discourse studied from the perspective of both CDA and practical reasoning

The Arabic grammatical system includes a number of the tools that are used for different purposes and by different styles, hence there are different analysis and different significances.
This paper attempts to study these nouns and tools that are commonly used as interrogative tools while they have more than one significance within the linguistic context. These significance had been collected in this independent research under the title( Kaifa wa Akhawatuha), where they are exhibited and shown orderly and in detail because they were scattered within different books. By this way, their uses, purposes and analysis became known, depending on what the ancient and modern grammarians had said , with grammatical examples of the Arab speech with the Qur\'anic use of these tools. So, those who are interested on studying the Arabic language can realize them and recognizing their connection so that they would be able to understand and comprehend them.

Description is considered one of the major elements in creating the narrative world. This research looks at the description of places and how they are portrayed in Alia Momdouh’s novels. It is categorized into three different types; physical description, psychological description and fictional description.

This search is study stylish phenomenon in Al-Jawahiry poet. AlJawahiry was from the typical poet , read the poet from the ancient age start the age before Islam to end the modern age .
Also read the language books with its sound ,grammar and its language and this clearly appear in his poet. for this reason his poet is springboard to this study , so, Al-Jawahiry tried to flow the great poet ,so, he followed them in onomatopoeia, declension and grammar problems.
Al-Jawahiry to be influence in Al-Quran al- karim language , not just the word level but also the sounded level, we have found the poet use the Quran method in more things.
In the declension level appear more of the problem that Al Jawahiry broke the language rules in it. That the poet don’t control to the language rules, but the poet –as said- its permeation to the language rules.

After the allied agreement on the liberation of Austria from Nazi control under what has been agreed in the Moscow conference in 1943 and the start of their troops in March 1945 liberation operations of Austria. The Soviet troops advanced faster than the US and British forces, and were able to enter the Austrian capital Vienna in early April of the same year. The Soviets formed an Austrian government without consultation with the United States and Britain, Stalin appointed the Speaker of the last Austrian Parliament before the Nazi invasion, Karl Warner, as president, because he wa not a communist. But he appointed two communist as Education and Home ministers. The formation of Warner’s government sparked a schism between the United States and Britain on the one hand and the Soviet Union on the other hand. Thus, intimations of the cold war appear in Austria as early as the end of World War II.

Russia engaged in the Crimean War in 1853 against the Ottoman Empire, which supported by the French and British. Because of the presence of Russia's interests in the north-west coast of the Pacific, Russia had concerns about its interests from British intervention, especially since the latter has the interests of the coast, which endangers the Russian presence there. So when the Crimean war broke out, Russia took recourse to the United States. so that even if the United States would not and that it did not provide military support for Tsarist Russia, yet it would refuse to enter into the war alongside the French and British. The United State continued good relations with Russia since it was seeking to annex Russian America. The victory of the British in the war would lead to the expansion of their influence in North America which may lead to their control over Russian America, which makes it difficult for the United States to annex, and thus has contributed in support of Russia in the United States for the Russian America after the war

This research tries to shed light on the role of the United States economic aid to Yugoslavia on the political relations between the two countries, as the US administration tried to exploit the economic potential in order to achieve political ends by influencing the Yugoslav foreign policy in line with the American perspective in the affairs and international issues. Despite the fact that US economic aid resulted in the consolidation of the American-Yugoslav relations, it did not affect the Yugoslav foreign policy, which remained independent during that period.

The research sheds light on the policy of amnesty as a most prominent policies adopted by the Assyrian kings towards the rulers of their territories and the inhabitants of those regions during the era of the neo- Assyrian kingdom (911-612 BC). This amnesty were created in various situations depending on the state of conflict or rebellion . The second period of the neo Assyrian kingdom (745-612) was characterized by the expansion of the Assyrian kingdom through the extension of its authority over the new provinces. Thus we have cases of amnesty and forgiveness for the rulers and inhabitants of many regions in different parts of the Ancient Near East..
All amnesty cases issued and documented by the Assyrian kings were studied and analyzed in line with the descriptive historical approach based on the analysis of the cuneiform texts (translated) and adopted in the reading of Assyrian history and the history of Mesopotamia in general .

Basra city contains different random housing groups in unsettled areas as in the some cities in the world .This geographical phenomenon results from a group of variable historical, geographical, social, economical, and political factors in addition to the planning and designing of the city.
This research aims at clarifying the historical dimension of the random housing and the economical overtaking. This has appeared due to political, economical, social, and other causes. These create a kind of distortion in the basic design of the city and have caused too many problems and difficulties against the accomplishment of lots of investing and servicing projects. Moreover, they are creating an emergence of different types of ecological, health, security, political, psychological, economical, and other types of problems.

The Marshes are considered as a natural phenomenon, which have environmental diversity of fauna and flora. In addition, they are considered as a transitional area for the growth of sea fishes, and they have important benefits for the reduction of desertification, and climate temperement. The marshes have been under a big climate change as a result of environmental change that led to the lack of rain and high temperatures. In addition, the impact of projects upper basin which led to reduction of revenue of water and reducting of the total area of the marshes, which led to the deterioration of water and soil quality. The total area of marshes in 1973 was (8350 km2), which are distributed over three provinces of Maysan, Basrah, and Thi-qar. The total area was reduced to (3275 Km2) in 2012, which is 39.2 % of the total area of the Marshes in the seventies. It is really difficult to provide water to recover the total area of the marshes or continue to immerse the current area, because of the lack of water and growth investment, which required actions for the development of water resources to fulfill the requirements of different developments and provide the water for marshes recovery.

Spinstership is one of the social problems prevailing in most societies and in the families that make the core structure of the society. This phenomenon is quickly increasing due to the changing conditions in these societies that highly affects the females ( over 30 years old) and causes them to be spinsters. The study aims at analyzing the demographic, social and economic features of spinsters in AL- Zubair by using the geographical approach which is based on description and analysis . Both the analytic - descriptive and the surveying approaches are employed to investigate this phenomenon. Because of the lack of related official data, a questionnaire was distributed to (600) respondents. Only (527) of the responses were used as samples of the study . (73) responses were neglected because they were either incomplete or were not filled by the respondents.