ADAB AL-BASRAH

Research tries to identify the concept of the plethora which was adopted by the grammarians in devising the rules assets in as Arab as scientific basis, which gives the process of devising the Provisions grammar of Arab talk high value, and tries to distinguish them from the other type of plethora which did not adopt the process of extraction grammar. The principle of symmetry is the principle that distinguished by grammarians between plethora which built by the grammar, the plethora of anomaly is not measured by enemy.

In cognitive poetics, theories have been proposed to account for the construction of fictional worlds and characters' mental spaces. In relation of narrative worlds, it is postulated that in a narrative there is an actual world and a number of possible worlds or sub-worlds that have to do with characters' feelings, plans, wishes, assumptions and knowledge. As to spaces, a number of mental spaces are proposed that work to develop the narrative event and furnish the narrative world. In this research, these theories are blended and applied to Joyce's Araby. Results crop up to affirm the story's heavy reliance on the major character's sub- worlds which are marked by their epistemic, hypothetical and attitudinal nature. Mental spaces are also explored in a way that lends support to the construction and expansion of the possible worlds.

Extension is that the verb in its meaning involves with , or shares the meaning of anther verb , and ,thus ,it becomes subject to the rules of transitivity . Extension , however ,realizes the transference of the word from one lexical use to another .A Phenomenon as such is labeled in the grammatical and linguistic studies as ( meaning – based phenomenon ). Extension in this research relies on two levels : denotation and connotation .Through the texts selected from the Quran , it is found that this feature is one of features that Arabic rhetoric has made full use of .

This paper is a generative study of simplification patterns of RP English coda clustering as performed by adult Omani female learners. The subjects were (18) diploma and bachelor university college students ( 20-24 years old). They were Omani girls studying at the English Department, recently joined a course in phonetics. The tokens deployed were fifteen representing coda CC, CCC, and CCCC clusters. Two sessions were devoted for tape-recording carried out in a language "smart class". The data collected were analyzed in-depth to identify simplification strategies and their relevant contexts. Phonological rules were applied to allocate the phonetic features of the segments that undergo adaptation with due emphasis on the environment of this adaptation. The major findings of this work were: (i) the length of the cluster is directly related to the accuracy rates. The longer the cluster, the higher rate of errors is ( CC (20%), CCC (54.4%), and CCCC (94.4%), (ii) deletion is the most preferable simplification strategy. It is favoured over consonant substitution and insertion. A combination of these patterns comes second,(iii) in terms of generative phonology, the contexts of elision were: a- the plosive obstruents /t/ and /d/ in final position preceded by the plosive obstruent /p/, the affricate obstruents /ʧ/ and /ʤ/, and the fricative obstruents /f/ and /s/. b- the plosive obstruent /p/ as post-final (1) preceded by the pre-final nasal sonorant /m/. c- the fricative obstruents /ɵ/ and /s/ before and after another consonant, /ɵ/ as post-final is deleted after the final fricative obstruent /f/, as post-final (1) after the final fricative obstruent /f/ and before the fricative obstruent /s/ as post-final (2), as post-final (2) before and after the fricative obstruent /s/ as post-final (1) and (3). d- /s/ as post-final (1) after the final plosive obstruent /k/ and before the fricative obsruent /ɵ/ as post-final (2), as post-final (3) after the plosive obstruent /t/ and the fricative obstruent/ɵ/ as post-final (2). e- the fricative obstruent /z/ as post-final after the final nasal sonorant /m/, (iv) the only segments which were subjected to substitution were: the plosive obstruents /p/ and /t/, the affricate obstruents /ʧ/ and /ʤ/, (v) the most disfavoured strategy was insertion, (vi) there is a great correlation between the markedness of the cluster and the deployment of multiple simplification strategies, (vii) a considerable impact was scored for the structure of the cluster ( the way consonants are concatenated ) rather than the phonetic quality of the cluster elements, (viii) the nucleus quality had no considerable effect on the process of simplification, and (ix) the prominent parameters that control coda clustering simplification are: the size and the structure of the cluster, and word structure ( simple vs. complex).

The Poet Salim Bin Ali regarded as one of the ponieer poets who were responsible on the revival of poetry and litertire in united Arab of Emarates , where poetry was Concerned with praise or lamentation or general occussions poems only . poems were interested in writing the Colloquial poems, even including our poet here in ponticular in his initial poems . He kept the Same way of writings used by the movement of Arabic poetry reviral which appeared in 1940 and 1950 , in the 20 th century .
It also can be noticed that the poets intensted in political issues rised in the area at that time , for the represent the best base for showing his poetry . Also , his poetry reflected some religious beliefs related to the poet himself , and this caused his poetry to be in different colours . So it can be said that his poetry was a social and religious poetry , in addition to that he was known by his brotherhood poetry to courtesy people around him Regarding the antistic parts of his poetry , one can see some histrocal utterances and sometimes some colliqual words , in addition to his engagement with other Arabic poets in using the unique poetic purpose . In short , we can say that his poetry was creative but still represevted the usual heritage of the used Arabic poetry.

The aim of the present paper is to investigate the relation between religion and women's perception of impoliteness and whether or not a woman's religion affects her evaluation of what is impolite. A five-scale questionnaire is conducted .The respondents , who are muslim and non- muslim women in Basrah, are asked to read twenty statements and show their opinion by choosing one of the five scales for each item (i. e. strongly agree, agree, undecided, strongly disagree , disagree).The results the researchers have arrived at show that there is no one-to-one relation between a woman's religion and her perception of impoliteness. There are no statistically significant differences between muslim and non-muslim in perceiving impoliteness. Significant differences appear in 15% of the items only ; this is evidently a low percentage. Moreover, differences in opinions appear in each group .In the sense that women of the same religion do not agree on what is to be perceived as impolite.

The erath , the people , the deuity is aholy trinity in the belief system of the Hebrews which represent a holy unity that can not be violated.The land of promise is ahebriac term that refers to the promise of god.That has been deliveried to the prophet.Ibrahim and then to his son isaa jocob and their sons.There for my study of the gospel Joshua ,since it includes details that are closely related to the realization of the divine promiss to possess the promised land , despit the idea that there are reference to the promised land is so many gospels such as genesis , numbere and king.Among the reasons for choosing such a topic is there arises a promisent leader ship and the width of the geographical area of studying region.in addition the real is ation of the aim is considered that it is the first test of the Israelis after the death of moses.

The need for Arabic dictionary stems from the need to understand the language, especially the normal use her goal in utilitarian and literary language as it is the first word of the Arabs who Hapt vocabulary of the language in Almagamat Almjnsh and marked the titles disclose the nature of these vocalizations in terms of eloquence, health, and not homosexuality, and this is what represents the clearly when Azhari in the refinement of language, is essential in the books of Saheeh, which brought together the vocalizations made by the Arabs and the words of the Holy Quran, and the Arab reader need a dictionary reveals the user of the buildings either in language utilitarian (the language of daily trading) and the language of the Koran and Hadith and effect, or literary language and of Arabic poetry and Alvsih literary parallels from other races.
As we say in the curriculum is the search easier ways of presentation of the material language of the Arabic reader and this is what is the school books of Saheeh, and from this standpoint, the importance of this subject, out to be set forth by our dependence book Bahrain Mall and early Alneryan of Sheikh Turaihi which brought together vocalizations of what the reader needs the Arab and walking by his approach, which represents the fundamental approach.

This paper deals with the concept of meaning in language in lexicons and books of rhetoric's … etc , the relation between the word and the meaning and phenomena of semantic development . Then , the researcher tackles change of meaning in the Holy Quran on the level of the synonyms , an tonomies and particles of meaning .
The researcher also highlights context and its effect changing the word meaning because the meanings of the words are associated with the context in which they occur . As contexts increase , we have more word meanings . The many meaning entries in dictionaries of one word are actually contextual meanings .
The researcher chose the Quranic text for application in this paper because this text is safe of plagiarism and errors and employed to serve the rhetoric's in the holy Quran .

The assonance of phenomena expressive figures in prose, which is weighted with the words of a musical tune in the receiver raises alert and listening; expected for its creation of special sections are consistent with what we hear to be more like a series of contract threaded.
The summons assonance in speech-Zahra (AS) all the elements of beauty, power, and the statement, came spontaneously from non-cost nor arbitrariness, vocabulary nice replete with meaning
The used-Zahra (AS) and assonance way to highlight the significance of the recipient does not quite sung, not intended for himself, but for others.

Approach is based AL-Jahaz in the research and studies on a number of rules of the most important use of extrapolation based on observation and experience and the critical spirit and high suspicion of systematic in all that to him to study and research, integrity, objectivity, fairness, these are all things known in the scientific method and the characteristics of scientific thinking modern.

We have pursued AL-Jahaz in the book animal style research to say the least when he approach scientific research controlled and precise starts doubt to introduce cash and pass by extrapolation on the path of the circular and inclusive propensity of a realistic and rational is in the tested and the wind and hear the criticism and doubt, and explained he briefed us in the form of the world in which mind works in search for truth. the AL-Jahaz was the most famous Muslim scholars in the use of experiments and research and seen in during the development of his writings and especially in his animal and nature of mental and clear cooperative subjects in the writings of AL-Jahaz have been governs the mind in looking and is subject things and matters of money and makes doubt a path to certainty as established experimental approach on the basis of sound scientific research from the observation and sensory experience to reach a scientific laws and theories about humans, animals and nature.

The conflict authoritarian in the Umayyad dynasty in Andalusia, the phenomenon of a prominent researcher who study the history of the political system in which during the era Umayyad there is almost devoid of the periods of the rule of princes and the Umayyad caliphs of conspiracy or rebellion comes from the sons or brothers or cousins have gone a victim of this conflict, many of the sons of the house Umayyad in rings of continuous physical liquidation of the conspirators or co-conspirator them or imprisoned or exiled. In this study we try to stand at these events to elucidate some features of that conflict and to shed light on the most important causes and forms, and results to learn about an important aspect of the Umayyad rule in Andalusia.

The river valley landscape, as a geomorphological unit, is considered a product of the river stripping. Therefore, the structural phenomena and the subsequent movements affect the basic forms of the river valley, in addition to the human uses after the erection of the dam.
Al-Utheim River is one of the Tigris tributaries which lies in the dry and semi-dry province. It is the only tributary which flows from the Iraqi territories and pours into Balad District- Tikrit Governorate. The significance of this study is represented in the follow up of the river behavioural changes which led to the formation of the river landscape after the erection of the dam and their consequences on the use of land by the inhabitants of this area. The follow up to the geomorphological changes (before and after the erection of the dam) was carried out with the aid of the space data of the American Satellite (5-7 TM Landsat) ( 1990-2009) , the data of the space satellite Echonose, topographical maps (1/20000 ) and geological maps, the soil and the land use. The study is assisted by a field work to the area using the programme ArcGis9.3 to conduct a spatial compatibility, to draw, classify, and analyze maps. The field work also contributes to find out the behavioural change in the area under study and its impact on the river region to take the proper decisions regarding the significance of such topics in the spatial development.

The study aims at reaching the most important suggestions that leads to development of library collection toward the best, by achieving the subject balance among its collection , Adequacy and modernity .also have been discussed.
To a chive this aim the Study also discuss the Arabic and foreign books and periodicals as well as dissertations and laser discs that tackled library's records statistics was studied and counted besides that the study virtually and directly knew what books was found on the shelves of the library . A random regular sample of a total of 1037 books was taken , in order to know the historical period and subject cover of the collection . Fifty questionnaires were distributed among library virtual beneficiaries .
The study reached to the most important results :
1- The library lacked for subject balance in its collection .
2- Library collection recorded a prominent weak in the nineties , whereas reached the peak before the seventies .
3- Few electronic references do not fit the number of users , so they consulted the traditional references .
4- General Cultural sources were few and do not fit the number of Users besides that they are Out of date.

Abstract
India is famous variety of cultures and religions, which helped confrontation between Islam and another religions . first clash and conflicts between Islam and the different religions in India. second the clash of thoughts between Islam and western civilization, because India scholars communicate with modern development knowledge .
Khan most famous Islamic thought in India, whenever he defiance about contemporary Islamic issue, he believe a really Islam is religion of mind, therefore, we ought to come new theology to aim agreement between religion of Islam and modern science, because the Old Theology has discuses old issues ,and language is not understand by young men .
Khan is knew about his books that it written Islamic thought by scientific language for example:-
1- Islam is challenge .
2- To new theology .
3- The religion in confrontation of science .