Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

Thirty-one A. baumannii isolates were obtained from Shar and Burn hospitals in Sulaimani City, KRG-Iraq. Bacterial identification was confirmed by detecting both 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. The detection of carbapenem resistant isolates was carried out using Kirby- Bauer, RAPDEC Carba NP and combined disc assays. A high rate of drug resistance was observed, as 74.2% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 38.7% were extensively drug-resistant (XDR), while carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) comprised approximately 58% of the isolates. Among CRAB isolates, carbapenemase production was detected by using the RAPDEC Carba NP and the combined disc assays in 88.8% (16/18) and 55.5% (10/18) of the isolates respectively. Phenotypic activity of efflux pump was detected among 22.5% of all isolates and 38.8% of CRAB isolates. PCR successfully identified the adeA, adeB, adeC, adeR, and adeS genes in 83.9%, 90.3%, 58%, 80.6%, and 90.3% of the isolates, respectively.
Eight mutations in adeR and 15 mutations in adeS regulatory genes were recorded. We conclude that carbapenem resistance mechanisms in A. bumanni isolates included mutations in adeRS regulatory genes and production of carbapenemase.

This work involved the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives 4,4'-(((sulfonylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(diazene-2,1-dil))bis(2-(1-(4-R)phenyl]-4),5-Dihydro-1H-tetrazol-5-yl(phenol) (where R = OH or OCH3) through the reaction of the substituted amine in THF as a solvent, with sodium azide. FT-IR 1H-NMR Spectrophotometric methods were used to characterize the prepared compounds, the antibacterial activity against four types of bacteria have been studied where it has been proven that tetrazole compounds are more effective than the compounds from which it was derived, and the anticancer activity measured against MCF-7 strains of human breast cells of the synthesized compounds.

The discovery of multi-lithotypes olistostromes deposits associated with potentially economically viable iron ore mineralizations in the Rayat region of NE Iraq are described in this study. The depositional and differentiation-classification characteristics of multi-lithotypes of olistostromes with distinct depositional and characteristics are reported here through detailed petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical data, that allowed for mineralization mechanisms assessment and associated hydrothermal and alteration processes. Ferruginous conglomerate lithotypes occur below the sandstone olistostromes lithotypes section of the investigated series. Through the ferruginous conglomerate olistostromes (FCO) lithotypes there is a layer of potentially iron ore containing iron oxide (up to %42.55), quartz with some minor spinel content. Below the FCO, there are the horizons of (FOpO and FSO), they are also rich in hematite quartz and calcite with some minor spinel content. A 2m thick transition zone (TZ), separate poorly mineralized ophiocarbonatic olistostrome (OpCO) from the FCO. The multi-lithotypes of olistostrome from bottom to top are (serpentinite olistostrome (SO), Ophiocarbonatic olistostrome (OpCO), ferruginous serpentinite olistostrome (FSO), ferruginous ophiocarbonatic olistostrome (FOpCO), ferruginous conglomerate olistostrome (FCO), and sandstone olistostrome (SstO). In addition to Fe, the other potential economic importance element includes nickel (507 to 5816 mg/kg) and cobalt (47.2 to 328.3 mg/kg). The findings indicate that the Rayat olistostromes such as (SO, FSO, OpCO, FOpCO, FCO, and SstO) and the transition- zone (TZ) originated from a mixture of early hydrothermal alteration of serpentinites. The finding of olistostromes in the Rayat, exposes NE Iraq as a potential mineral-rich sector.

The study deals with the upper contact of Qamchuqa Formation with the overlying Bekhme area of northern Iraq. This surface is characterized by presence of autobreccia bed including angular grains of (0.05_30cm in size) and composed of dolomite with disseminated black dolomite fragments which may indicates their subaerial exposure.
Cementing materials filled the fractures and pores surrounding the breccias mostly are composed of saddle dolomite with dolomite crystal up to 3cm size that were formed late diageneticly by hydrothermal solution

A Detailed Calcareous nannofossil study conducted on the Bekhme Formation that is cropped out at the Southern limb of the Bekhere anticline, eastern ward of the Dohuk city near Bajlur village, northern Iraq. The Bekhme Formation is composed of marly limestone, Organic limestone and fossiliferous limestone. The nannopaleontological classification of these calcareous nannofossils led us to determine thirty-four genus/species belonging to nine families. The nannobiostratigraphic analysis suggested three calcareous nannofossils biozones from oldest to youngest are: (1) Quadrum sissinghii Interval Zone; (2) Quadrum trifidum Interval Zone; (3) Tranolithus phacelosus Interval Zone. These biozones suggest that the studied section from the Bekhme Formation is the Middle to Late Campanian, and it refers to temperature fluctuations which considered as possible warm time period at subtropical areas.

Calculations on shielding are required for the building of a gamma ray radiography exposure room to ensure worker exposure to radiation. A measurement used to evaluate the radiation diffusive and absorption characteristics of a medium is the linear attenuation coefficient (μ). Despite the fact that, as radiation moves through a medium, its absorption is influenced by the wavelength of the radiation as well as the thickness and composition of the medium, the linear absorption coefficient is crucial in the interaction of radiation with matter. This research uses a variety of materials as a shield for a gamma radiation source of 662 keV emitted by Cs-137. The results obtained using a gamma source with a scintillation counter showed that the Half Value Thickness (HVT) of glass and aluminum were 3.57 cm, and 3.39 cm while for standard materials (concrete, iron, and lead) were 2.98 cm, 1.195 cm, and 0.58 cm respectively.

In this study, a copper oxide (CuO) thin film was prepared by the (Continuous-Wave) CW laser assisted-chemical bath deposition (LACBD) technique. The effect of laser wavelength on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of CuO film was investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study shows that the deposited CuO films are crystalline with a monoclinic structure. The optical energy gap increases with the use of a laser during film preparation and it varies from 2.3 to 1.8 eV. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images confirm that the morphology of the film was dependent on the laser wavelength. Increasing the laser wavelength results in decreasing the grain size of the film which enhancing the crystallization. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis confirms the presence of copper and oxygen elements. Hall measurement revealed that the deposited films are p-type and the electrical conductivity and mobility increased with the use of a laser. The current-voltage characteristics of the p-CuO/p-Si heterojunction were studied in the dark and under illumination. The maximum optical current of the prepared photodetector at a laser wavelength of 550 nm was found to be in the order of 1.59 × 1012 cm.Hz1/2.W-1. The spectral responsivity revealed that the photodetectors exhibit two peaks of response at 450 nm and 800 nm. The maximum responsivity reached was 0.48 A/W at 450 nm and 0.53 A/W at 800 nm for a photodetector prepared at the laser wavelength of 550 nm.

Recently, the widespread use of devices in the field of electronics has caused people to worry about safety. Using traditional cryptographic algorithms to build a complete cryptographic environment for embedded applications or the Internet of Things (IoT) will not be possible due to space, power, and speed limitations. The focus is on lightweight encryption to overcome these problems. In this paper, we have developed the (PRESENT) algorithm, which is among the lightweight algorithms that are used in the IOT and that keeps pace with the requirements of communication speed at the present time. We also used a physical part with the developed algorithm (an external unit that is a USB and using it as a fingerprint for the system) to generate the key while ensuring that the system does not work until after the external unit is connected to the calculator to provide more security for the system from breaches. The developed algorithm achieved a high speed of execution faster than the original algorithm and passed standard tests for various files (text, image, audio, video). In addition to increasing the degree of complexity than the original algorithm.

This work aims to discuss the adjacency matrices, Incidence matrix and Degree matrix of some types plane graphs we usually used them, as complete graphs, cycle graph,…,ect. To find the dual of graph and transformation of the graph and their dual for some theorems to prove general cases.

In this paper A study of the fixed and variable capacitances numerical stability in the diffusion and load equation. in two cases , the first when the amplitude is constant the solution is stable , and the second is variable the solution in this case is stable conditionally.

In this paper, constructed a fractional polynomial spline to compute the solution of FDEs; the spline interpolation with fractional polynomial coefficients must be constructed using the Caputo fractional derivative. For the provided spline function, error bounds were studied and a stability analysis was completed. To consider the numerical explanation for the provided method and compared, three examples were studied. The fractional spline function, which interpolates data, appears to be useful and accurate in solving unique problems, according to the research

The current study deals with new three classes of the nk ('' nearly kahler '') manifold of w – projective curvature tensor. The aim of this paper to calculate differential - geometrical and topological properties closest for new classes w ̅_1,w ̅_(2 ), and w ̅_3, through it ,an equivalence relationship was obtained between these classes and one of or more the tensor compounds and the components of curvature tensor and with adjoint G-structure space. Finally, we discover a relationship between w_1,w_2 , w_3 with each other.

In this paper we study the strongly π- regular ring (for short st. π-reg. rg.) and some properties also give some new results of st. π-reg. rg. and its connection with other rings.

In this paper, we derive the hybrid Crank-Nicolson method based on the implicit method and the usual Crank-Nicolson method, where we get more accurate results and faster access to results. We also used Maple to implement the hybrid method and the results were identical

In this paper, we suggest Gompertz Autoregressive model by using the cumulative distribution function of Gompertz distribution and, the aim of this paper is studying and finding the stability conditions of a limit cycle for the Gompertz Autoregressive model with period, q>1 with giving some examples for Gompertz AR (1) to explain the orbital stable or the orbital unstable with plots the trajectories with different initial values.

In this work, we introduce Some common fixed point theorems of p- contraction and (α,β) composition contraction in Generalized Banach space. The provided theorem is a generalization and extension of many well-known theorems.