Journal of Imam Al-Kadhum College

In light of the supervisory vision and facilitating the work of Islamic banks in accordance with the provisions of Islamic law, and by virtue of the supervisory authority of the Central Bank of Iraq, the Central Bank of Iraq has developed a strategic plan that included the preparation of controls for Islamic finance instruments in order to develop and improve the Islamic banking industry in Iraq.
In view of the fact that these controls have been characterized by the condensation and the absence of the evidence of the Sharia law as is the case in the standards of the Accounting and Auditing Authority of Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI), this study has come to indicate this. There is an urgent need to study these controls, to know their jurisprudential document and to show their compatibility with or violate the provisions of the Shariah, so that the transactions of Islamic banks are free of prohibited or suspicious transactions, especially those in which they are usury or semi-usury.

Proyer and peace be upond our prophet Muhammad and the god of the good and . virtuous and the owners good guys

*The subject of dhimma is acompative jurisrudential study as one of the importaut jurisrudential isnes especially in our present tim for reasons either veligous poititical economicor humanitaria n
* The topic I one of the very fe and rare coparative jurisprudence topics ancient and conte porary o the researcher root in and called it acoparativ jurisprudentiol study

*As for the research sections it incuded two sections preceded by an introductory introduction and then the concusion and a list of arrgins sources and then divded the two sections into several demands the first of which was held by dhimma its legitimacy and its evidence
*while the second topic in the ddhimma and the opinions of the jurists in the dhimma and this chapter was in the two deands the first in the opinions of the public jurists in the protection of the human being and the second the opinion of the front jurists in the ddhima of the human being

The topics that we address in our scientific research are numerous. We must shed light on aspects of concern to the individual in order to positively affect society and its basis on the family, and therefore the results appear, and their effects on reality, especially that we refer to a problem to address its treatment, and among the topics addressed a vital and social topic Important and is one of the negative cases prevalent in Muslim countries until it became apparent which is (divorce), and I mentioned the reasons that cause the spouses to dare to think about the wrong decision.

This phenomenon is still alive and practicing its work in secret among these societies. However, the holy Qur’an has shown in its noble verses all the characteristics that characterize this unbelieving group and give muslims in all the centuries and the hurricane are living standards for their knowledge. Although, the hypocrites are characterized by the shaking of their beliefs and their inconsistency, perhaps the reason behind this is the weakening psychological side of these people which is one of the main reasons for the emergence of the seed of hypocrisy in the soul of the human being. As far as, the deviation that afflicts the human soul, his psyche and its internal content is the source of every trend and behavioral pattern that is not righteous. It is one of the important matters in psychology and social sciences branching from it, the perverted, polluted person often deceives himself and his conscience to get rid of remorse, then gradually becomes convinced that his ugliness is not an act of deviation, but rather acts of reform.
This group continues to strive against muslims to inflict sedition among them with its meanings. This is because they are characterized by all the traits of vice and contradictory to the qualities of the truthful, upright and steadfast on the true principle.
The present study showed that their existence is based on concealment, they used to live under a cover. The true disbelief is covered by an apparent faith and enmity is hidden under loyalty, lies and deceit that is hidden under the pretense of truthfulness and always swearing upon it, as this was evident from the context of the Quranic verses as above mentioned.

The one who follow the thinking movement in general can follow its stages before and after the fifties of the last century to see that it passed through three stages as we can name the first stage a (retreats and abatement ) , then followed by the second stage that was distinguisher from the latter by relative awareness and feel of responsibility in defend the values of Islam , its principles and ambitions .We can call it the stage of comparison and raise .That mean compare Islam principles with thoughts and theories that call civilization , development and their examples .We can name this stage ( Raise and Expansion ) .The third stage complete the former one in which a great clerics ,aware scholars and wise speakers to transport Islam with principles values and concepts from other stage of retreat as the Islam opponents called and from compare Islam with other thoughts as the defendants of Islam to the stage of confront , challenge , revolt against all the imported concepts from East or West .We can call this stage (Confront and victory ) Thus a pioneers emerge that represented this stage and clerics such as Mohammed Bqir Alsader ( God Holly His Soul ),Saied Roh Allah Almosawy Alkhumainy (God Holly His Soul) and other clerics .Dr. Al-Waely (Go Has mercy on His Soul ) the most important .I shall attempt in this research to introduce a method that stand and challenge and defeat atheism thinking in Fifties and the years follow it to made its bases for the researches to benefit in general and the speakers of the .Thus Al-Waely method is an example for this aware and responsible method to consistent with objective conditions and compressed elements as this method distinguished of objectivity , reality , medium and unified and others .Thus this research about Al-Waely method is the base in confront atheism and suspicion

Sheikh Zain AL-Din Al-Bayadhee was considered one of the most prominent figures of the Imamate doctrine of the ninth century AH.
His writings indicated to exploration of the various mental and transformational sciences throughout his wide reading on the various opinions of other groups and religions and his criticism against these opinions with strongly arguments and proofs.
His book " The Straight path to those who Deserve Submission" is considered the one of the best writing by Imamate doctrine's authors in affirming the Imamate of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them)

Farahidi, Al-Zubaidi and others, then presented the concept of the environment to the ancient and modern commentators and followed their effects properly and their juristic role in preserving the environment, I concluded from him that the jurisprudence of the environment, which was known from the hadiths of the beloved seal, peace be upon him and the infallible imams of the family of the House, peace be upon them, is a matter of preserving the environment, and the researcher mentioned a number of doctrinal sections that concern the jurisprudence of the environment, including slaughter, burying the dead, caring for animals and the role of Islamic law In codifying these sections and emphasizing their activation in the legal ruling, then the researcher mentioned a number of opinions and interpretations of Muslims in the past and talk about this case. He then concluded that the jurisprudence of the environment that the Holy Qur'an spoke about more than 1400 years ago is one of the concerns of religion in society and its environment until modern science is now unable to understand the secrets of the spacious environment, and the dangers surrounding it resulting from the misuse of materials. As well as on understanding its wonders, the research also showed the interest of Islamic law in general for environment.

This research has reviewed the most important narrations that have been mentioned regarding the prohibition of women from the book, with an explanation of the prominent impact and pioneering role of the Noble Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) in urging people to read and write, and this can be summarized as follows:
The Noble Messenger (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) focused on educating people, and stressed the importance of preserving, and he urged them to restrict and write.
The Noble Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) made an effective contribution to deflecting a large number of false stories and suspicions, exposing a large number of narrators and warning them.

This paper investigates Al-mu’tazila’s stance with respect to the obligation of sending prophets, which has been misunderstood and abused without knowing the intention of the term ‘Almighty Allah’s obligation’ which appeals to the accountable as it achieves his interests. Therefore, this obligation (moral, not legal) offers a number of advantages for it is not always mandatory but only when there is an interest for the accountable people. Thus, this obligation is not one of the rational obligations that must exist, for they are not mandatory in themselves but as Divine kindness to people that achieves their good and interests.

This research shows a recent phenomenon that we are trying to study in the heritage of Arabic prose. Which contains many tales and literary prose, competent in multiculturalism. The result of pluralism was the emergence of models in Arabic prose, Which included translation and tales showing pluralism in Islamic society in the fourth century AH. The research was divided into an introduction and a research in the prose model and a conclusion summarizing the main points of research.

Imami school is fertil area in the domain of composing religious practices, the reason behind this goes back to the belief of this sect in the principle of Ijtihad( the most knowledgeable) and to the principle of following. Thes sect have thier own way of composing religious practices which constitute a disharmony with our modern era,that's because of the diversity of language. The way they compose thier practices contains an aspect of ambiguity, so ,the present study sheds the light on a crucial problem, that's the embodiment of of semantic ambiguity in doctrinal religious texts and how this employment influences those who have no concern in doctrin issues, in contrary to the students of Hawza(shia school) students ,who considered such a text as obvious and assigned to their own field of study.

Abstract This research starts from the assumption of the existence of theoretical and procedural perceptions in Arabic grammar, a task related to the meanings implicit in the grammatical structures, exemplified by the attention of the grammarians with these ambiguities and their handling of it by analyzing and describing in its various patterns, and the research seeks to discover the nature of the inference in grammatical thought in particular, which reflects the nature of the communicative ability of the grammatical thought in particular. Natural language. The research is directed towards issues of contextual meaning, a grammatical book that is considered an encyclopedia of grammatical thought, which is the book (Tideil and Complementation in Explanation of Kitab al-Tasheel) by Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi, who brought together the gaze and perceptions of the grammarians, as well as other contradictions and criticisms of the grammarians. Opinions on the section of exception, which was neglected on two hundred pages of the eighth part, in the light of ancient Islamic thought distributed on linguistic sciences, origins, rhetoric, grammar, and modern deliberative visions, in order to capture the phenomena of tacit meaning and the relationship of meaning to the syntactic structure, and the research was distributed according to its nature at levels of implicit meaning required Logical, semantic, and communicative imperative

It is attempted in this study to deal with an important criterion of the textual ones which is called Consistency. It is to be considered one of the major linguistic manifestations which has a magnificent affair in the texts’ matchmaking and harmony. Searching and study are accomplished according to Consistency criterion in Surat Al-Waqi’a (The Inevitable Surah). It sets forth the extent of its contribution in achieving matchmaking of the Quran text with the aid of different facilities like reference، repetition، replacement، and omission. These elements have an important role in the text cohesion and the consistency of its phrases. Each is dependent on the other; therefore، the presence of these elements is watched in Surat Al-Waqi’a (The Inevitable Surah).

Despite the many books that have been written about pragmatics, we note that these books are devoid of studying the singular voice, and its impact on the process of linguistic communication. These books were filled with a great deal of explaining the impact of the sentence in the process of communication, and the effect of the word on the permanence of this communication, despite the fact that these words and sentences are based on regular sounds in a phonetic series, so it was necessary to study the components of the verbal vocabulary with its component parts (= sounds) and start from these particles toward the vocabulary and the sentence, so I devoted my effort to presenting a brief study on the singular sound, and its impact on the balance of the phonetic equation between its foundations on which it was built. It was my choice for the (phonetic analogue) and the reasons for its use in communication between the members of the same linguistic community. I hope this contribution

Elections are a measure of democracy and free citizenship, and they are the cornerstone of citizen participation in decision-making, and he is the one who grants the authority and those who hold it legitimacy. From here I began studying and researching, so the definition of elections was an important aspect of study, but we also at the same time devoted to power and its legitimacy and its legal relationship with legitimacy sufficient space For its statement and delving into its details, and we moved to study the basis of the problem of research in order to try to answer as much as possible. The voluntary submission of individuals to the decisions of the authority is based on consent and consent

The issue of the nationalization of Iranian oil was linked to the government of Dr. Kajaked Mosaddegh in Iran in 1951, and this decision was considered one of the boldest and most important decisions taken by this national government.
This decision was not able to reach its extent and achieve its success due to several factors standing in the forefront of the great countries standing against it, especially Britain and the United States of America, which were afraid that other oil countries would follow the example of Iran and nationalize their oil, so Britain blew up with the United States of America in order to bring down The government of Dr. Mosaddegh and the thwarting of Iranian nationalization. Indeed, the Washington government had the main role in removing Dr. Mosaddeq from power in 1953 through a process known as Operation AJAX The American and British governments and the Shah of Iran, Muhammad Reza Pahlavi, participated in it, so the nationalization decision was thwarted, and Dr. Mosaddegh was arrested, and the Washington government obtained many oil concessions after the Shah’s return to Iran, and he confirmed that the credit for his return belongs to the Americans, to start a new stage in contemporary Iranian history.

Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi feared the emergence of Islamic Parties in Turkey during the during The Seventh decade of the twentieth Century, So he did not Provide aid and export Iranian Oil to Turkey for the purpose of thwarting the Islamic parties that able to reach power. Turkey at that time faced difficult economic, Social and political condition at the local level. And the International community, but the Situation changed after the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979. Senior Iranian of Ficials have expressed their willingness to take agood Oil policy Towards Turkey, Especially after the latter took positive stances on Iranian internal and external political developments, Such as recognition of the new Iranian authority and its position on neutrality in the first Gulf war 1980-1988, So Iran increased its Oil exports to turkey and Imported Goods are from Turkey, and the First Gulf war affected the Iranian Oil export though its ports on the Arbian Gulf as foreign Sea Tankers refrained from shipping Oil through kharg Island for fear of being bombed by Iraqi warplanes, and there is no doubt that Turkish stances were taken to achieve Turkish interests, Turkey imported Oil from Iran in sufficient Quantities, and Turkish ports exported Iranian Oil abroad, in addition to that, it bouqht oil by bartering Turkish goods.

This study came to shed light on the prejudices and sectarian tendencies and their impact on the issuance of monetary judgments against the Shiite figures at the historians of the first half of the eighth century AH, and to stand by them on the truth of criticism and methods they adopted it? Was their criticism objective or otherwise? The purpose of this study is to identify the accuracy of criticism at the historians of the first half of the eighth century AH, and the extent of the study of the history of the work. Objectivity and the most important things on which they were based, as well as the motives behind that criticism.
This study was divided into four axes, which dealt with the first axis of critique of the scholars and the modernists, the second criticizing the historians, the third topic dealt with criticism of the book and the poets, and finally examined the criticism of the Shiite literature.

When researching the history of the Mamluk princes and sultans, you find many personalities who represent the main tool in establishing their rule and despite the importance of the important roles they were playing, but the sources did not mention from their news except to avoid most of what was mentioned besides the news of the sultans or their actions that lead to their service and hence the importance of researching the political role of Prince Hussam al-Din Tarantai al-Mansouri in the Mamluk state (T689 Ah / 1290 AD), one of the princes who lived with Sultan Seif eddin Qalawun and was assigned large tasks and positions, the foremost of which was the position of deputy of the Sultanate in Egypt, and he played a major role in consolidating the rule and stability of Sultan Qalawun.
According to the methodology of the research, the research was divided into several paragraphs, the first of which was his name and proportion, while the second was devoted to his birth and upbringing, while the third paragraph on prince Hussam al-Din Tarantai's relationship with Sultan Qalawun al-Mansour (678-689 Ah/ 1279-1290 AD) was specified. The fourth and final paragraph was Prince Hussam al-Din Tarantai's relationship with Sultan Ashraf Khalil (689-693 Ah /1290-1293 AD) and his death.

In the name of God, and prayers and peace be upon Muhammad, the God of the good and pure, and his chosen companions...
Our tagged research includes: (Arab historians travelers and their role in building the utopia in Islamic history) and because of its great importance in the life of Arab societies, and the emergence of Islamic geography, which flourished at the hands of Arab travelers that were mentioned in books and manuscripts and came as historical texts written by history books and Arab countrymen such as Al-Ya’qubi (d. 272 AH/886 AD) in his book Tarikh al-Yaqoubi, Al-Masudi (d. 346 AH / 958 AD) in his book “Morouj al-Dhahab and Minerals of the Core”, Abu Ubaid al-Bakri (d. 487 AH/1095 AD) in the Book of Paths and Kingdoms, and Yaqut al-Hamawi (d. 626 AH / 1230 AD) in his book Mu’jam al-Buldan al-Arabi And Ibn Battuta (d. 1369 AH / 1950 AD) in his book called “The Masterpiece of the Principals, the Oddities of the Cities and the Wonders of the Travels” is famous for the journey, and those who viewed Islamic blogs and Islamic heritage, and manuscripts that were investigated by Arab historians and built by major international and Arab libraries and museums, and translated into several languages. The Orientalists had an active role in reviving the Arab-Islamic heritage, which was reinforced in benefiting from it in building a virtuous state, and in their historical readings and research that they presented during their trips to Arab countries. The optical instruments that monitor the movement of the stars, the compass, and other instruments that have been developed into modern means that are used to this day. The manuscript or manuscript includes any document written by hand instead of using printing machines, written on papyrus or as inscriptions, symbols or drawings by hand. Historical terms in the academic community, and they were interested in studying, maintaining and realizing them to benefit from them in establishing urban planning. It is worth mentioning that many manuscripts included information related to science and knowledge such as astronomy, earth science, medicine, geography and others in establishing the utopia.
In view of the scientific and historical value it represents, as it is considered the most reliable and credible argument, and one of the most evidence and proofs of the extent of Arab progress and development in various sciences, so most scientific and research centers have been interested in collecting and protecting this asset from damage and loss, in addition to that the role of Arab Muslim travelers , Pay attention to the Islamic religion, which is rich in constitutional and legislative laws, to establish a virtuous city that rules under Islamic Sharia.

the Nabataean farming book and the personality of Ibn Wahshiyeh in Oriental Studies raised various and multifaceted problems. The controversy surrounding the book and the personality of Ibn Wahshiya revolved around interest and raging conflict that continued until the present time.
Attention has begun to this rare and unique effect in its kind, topic, contents, methodology, history, and problems in Oriental studies and their scholarly circles.
Some of them added to their confusion and others tried to approach their facts in terms of content, history of authorship, origin of the author, narrator and translator and its originality, and carved other studies into the widening of the gap and threw it into ancient histories, and others threw it with an author, narrator and translator of plagiarism and forgery, as for those who stood in the middle between these positions have acknowledged the book’s scholarly subject matter and its leadership in its fie.

The personality of Ibn Omair is one of the brilliant personalities whose peer was less, as he was a brilliant thinker, as he was a brilliant intellect, and he was subjected to imprisonment and torture by the Abbasid authority. He won great favor from the infallible imams, peace be upon them. His correspondence is considered a special and important gateway to the acquisition of knowledge and knowledge. She shed light on him because his correspondence is the subject of controversy between modern schools and men, which in turn reflected on the relevance of his narrations or not, Which, in turn, was reflected in the document of his historical narrations.