Journal of International studies

That the use of the speech of the three basic components (Shiites, Sunnis, Kurds), with the political change that took place in 2003. As an alternative to the national discourse that brings together all members of Iraqi society, the beginning of a crisis of minorities at the political level, because the emphasis on the three major components left the rest Small components are lost among the majority that monopolized power, land and will
This speech contributed to the crystallization of the system of political quotas, which left the least number of room for competition or opportunity to reach the decision centers. The political role of minorities after 2003, especially the Turkmen, was marginal and ineffective due to the existence of a set of challenges against them. In addition to the nature of the circumstances that followed in its political process, the intrinsic nature of minorities, especially the Turkomans, contributed greatly to the curtailment of their political role.
Therefore, we find the Turkmen identity despite the small number, but their dispersion in traditional allegiances, especially sectarianism is clear and has affected their political, social, economic and other life

This study tackled (US Policy and Exploitation of Religious Minorities in the Arab Spring 2011 Copts of Egypt as Model). The researcher assumes that there is an effective role for minorities in implementing what the United States wants. The first of these aims is the division of countries according to religion, And sectarian by stirring sectarian strife and ending with chaos and distorted mutations that could lead to the fall of the regimes, or international intervention to protect religious minorities in those Arab countries. The study found several results through the religious divisions of the Arab Spring revolutions that were based on religion and that would be established in the future to build weak states on a religious basis. The importance of the study by deepening the role of the US prominent in supporting religious minorities in the Arab region to implement US agendas directly or indirectly. In order to reach the objectives of the study, the researcher used the historical method and the analytical methodological approach to follow up and analyze the steps of US policy toward religious minorities in the Arab region, especially the Copts in Egypt.

The Arab Maghreb from is one of the countries that took the parliamentary system and the system of government as stipulated by the Morocco constitution is the property of constitutional democratic parliament constitution .The existence of parliamentary means ,such as parliament , government , an

The aim of this article is to highlight the most important types of media warfare strategies, especially in the age of new communication technologies, such as social media platforms. the current military wars must use the media to achieve the main goals of war, as well as to influence the public opinion to serve their interests. In fact, there are three forms of media warfare strategies, the first one operated before the military war, it prepares the public opinion. the second is synchronized with the military war. the third form is after the end of Military war. In this article we will give the detail of each form.

In his book "Without Miracles" Gary Kwicks notes that the survival of informatics in their dynamics stems from their influence and relevance to the requirements of strategy building, and because the information revolution is in a steady and increasing speed, making the concept of change and development a reality where the effort of decision makers is increasingly accumulating knowledge in a dynamic Are embodied in the denial of inherited concepts of war, new economics, new rules for diplomatic engagement, building entrances to social and cultural influence, and political developments. This construction or construction here is within the framework of visions and actions, order and regulation times and creativity at other times. Relying on multiple mechanisms, which means that informatics supports the access to strategic building outside the text of the tradition, and a tool to build on this construction.

Lively with the nature and effectiveness of the party system, the party system is effective and able to absorb these Variations in the system whenever community achieve stable politically and socially prominent States Lebanon are taken from the Is the failure of the party system to accommodate different variations and thus deviating from the fundamental goal of representing different community And continuity between rulers and ruled that political parties whose base is getting power or power-sharing between the parties so Downside to the parties for their inability to activate effective political participation.

Represent the Arabian Gulf region is special importance to the United States , This area has become one of the Centers is important for the strategy of the US . There were important events pushed the United States to adjust its strategy toward this region . The economic dimension in the treatment of the Golf states with the United States great effect . Oil was one of the most important economic variables influencing this relationship . Handle the strategy of US with changes in the Arab Gulf region after 2011 the fact that there is ambiguity in some of the political attitudes of the United States . Which is what sign that the relationship to the Gulf states with the United States will not change . Will keep the United States on effect in the Arabian Gulf region .

Although we believe that the Iraqi society is a homogeneous society to a large extent, but the nature of the transition in governance and change the former political system was not natural because of the US occupation, and the result of that occupation of the repercussions on the composition of society in Iraq, especially with regard to coexistence among its components To make those concerned looking at ways to restore national cohesion and consolidate coexistence.
Therefore, in this study, we set out to impose the principle that "pluralistic society does not necessarily have a non-cohabiting society. On the contrary, pluralism in society may be an enriching factor for coexistence and harmony among the community components."