ADAB AL-BASRAH

Psychology School is one of the schools of literary criticism, and it has been adopted in researches conducted by Arabic critics such as Zaki Mobarak and Iranian critics such as Abdolhosyn Zarinkoob. This school is premised on psychology knowledge and contains many psychological terms. The critic analyzes the poet's personality (character) psychologically and by adopting this method, analyzes the poet's poems (poetry).In this paper, I investigated Zaki Mobarak's psychology school. He analyzed Sharif Razi's personality and his poems psychologically. Then Icompared it withAbdolhosein Zarinkoob's psychology school who analyzed Khaghani's personality and his poems psychologically.Both critics made use of psychological terms and avoided artistic criticism. The results of this paper indicate that, Zaki Mobarak, in his analysis of Sharif Razi's personality, found him mentally offended. Sharif Razi desired to be the greatest poet of Arab and harbored grudge against the people of his time; and he was sincere in his love and his poems.Zarinkoob, in his analysis, rose up against the indecent (bitter) criticism and investigated the inferiority complex of Khaghani. Khaghani introduced himself as the greatest Persian poet and harbored grudge against the people of his time and satirized them.He acquired wide variety of knowledge in order to be different from the others. He deliberately makes use of alien and unfamiliar terms in his poetry, and his harsh language is associated with his harsh (rebellious) spirit. The purpose of this paper is to delve into the modern psychological school in the field of literary criticism adopted by these two prominent critics; Zaki Mobarak and Abdolhosein Zarinkoob.

This piece of work accounts for the process of legitimization which is considered to be pivotal in the use of discourse in society. It is an attempt to explain how language can be a medium of legitimation in society (Fairclough, 1989, 1995; Hodge and Kress, 1993). It highlights the various discursive strategies of legitimation that social actor could utilize to legitimize specific social practices. It shows how these strategies are employed by the American Presidents Obama and Trump in regard to the Syrian crisis and the character of the Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. van Leeuwen’s (2007) four-strategy framework of legitimation has been advocated in this study to reveal how the two speakers manipulate the four strategies for legitimizing their social acts and delegitimizing the social acts of their adversary Bashar al-Assad. The study concludes that the four strategies are utilized by the two speakers to delegitimize the social act of using chemical weapons in Syria and to legitimize the launching of missile airstrikes against Syria. Among the four discursive strategies of legitimation (rationalization, moral evaluation, authorization, and mythopoesis), the discursive strategies of rationalization and mythopoesis appear to be the most productive in the discourse of the two speakers. The study also concludes that the discourse of the two Presidents shows intertexuality which echoes shared ideological implications.

Al-Shanfari, in particular, has the characteristics of forming an identity that is contrary to tribal identity, based on new ethics that contradict and contradict those established by tribal culture. Al-Shanfari practices rejection and rebellion for all principles that do not conform to his freedom. As well as the violation of the principles of art in many aspects, and the reason for all this is due to the revolution, which has raised its effects on both his career and artistic life.

To borrow concepts from certain knowledge fields and to make them effective in another field may spoil the canonical effect of that concept, especially when it is intended to coalesce with other concepts that do not operate on the same principle; to produce new data; Arabic. This is what we find in our reading of the book of grammatical miracles in the Holy Quran by Dr. Fathi Abdel-Fattah El-Dajani, he has evoked the concept of miracles from his religious field and his nodding and the imposition of the syntactic system in the industrial system; Means of persuasion.

Islamic nation has been afflicted with a distortion for many facts, some of them have been directed to Imam Ali (peace be upon him) concerning the status of women and their rights. As a result of accepting these false sayings transmitted through history and the absence of investigations, these doubtful sayings have lasted till now and being also consulted during sermons. Actually, Imam Ali and his offspring (peace be upon them all) did not utter what is in contradiction with the doctrines of what is mentioned in Quran. Thus, when comparing these sayings to what Quran has exposed, we found that these are contradictory to the Quran. This is the ultimate aim of this study.

The study aims at investigation the reasons that led
Great Britain to exile Talib AL – Naqeeb during the first world war in 1915 0 This is bone by relating the international struggle before the war between Great Britain on one side and Germany and the Ottoman Empire on the other side over Iraq and the Arabian Gulf , the economic affaires and influence , and the project of Bagdad – Berlin Railway . AL – Naqeeb position towards the British and the Ottoman was changing and duplicated . He succeeded to impose his will on both of them because of their critical circumstances at the eve of the war . Thus , they presented some economic and other previliges to him to establish an independent state . After occupying Basrah in 1915 , Britain arrested him and them exiled him after refusing meditation of AL – Saud and Sheikh khazaal to find a solution for the crisis with him .

There is a saying popular among researchers in history which is "no history of running out of resources." It is not the researcher can be written without reference to the source of draws, including raw material, which provide him with texts to ensure left aboard the research process of the writing of history based on sources, and therefore required to researcher to be sure the availability of adequate sources before embarking on a search operation.
Gleaned historians multiple sources in writing the biography of the Prophet, which are in fact the aggressor in a sentence, and it is of merit, and in both types what is true and what is not true of novels, most history books supplied correct the weak and feeble and subject in the news Biography making schools curriculum in need to scrutinize these novels before cited, and that it was really unfortunate to see some intellectuals, and even some scholars to allocate history - as well as the general public - Imitron in this fact, and even argue it; do not differentiate between the support and the support, or between a novel and a novel, does not believe in approach cash when modernists and the necessity of its application in the field of novels biography and merits prophetic history .alomr which sometimes leads to confusion between opinion and the novel is the one who signed in such a statement in such a view, if there is a difference between that view say: "I do not see critical of his novel" and between that says: I do not see critical of belief or work done; it is required for the first argument to be true speech novel; to wear off the embarrassment of his novel, does not require the other saying the health of the novel in that place, but the requirement for proof of secured; and that the difference between the It tells the human story, and the thought that the meaning or meanings shall come! As he gets mixed up with the researcher these meanings will make mistakes right and wrong no doubt, have been led astray and led astray, in terms of feel, or in terms of not feeling, and more people today who do not differentiate between this destination and those Given that each knew his sources that draws them article, and biography Prophet also have their sources, which is when historians are not a degree either in taking them and rely on them, but vary according to their value, and comes in the forefront of the Koran is closer sources and most well and in any other is a mix of novels trustworthy and vulnerable, and some of them did health requires as narrated, because the historical destination was directed to his performance, which was aimed at gathering all the historical details of the Bmoadah from all sources of different houses of Health and weaknesses they need to research and study to know the reliability or not, a very searching.

The research aims to clarifying the British -Saudi Arabia relations during the British prime minister Margaret Thatcher's 1979-1990, Relations between the two sides have witnessed marked progress, Has greatly affected the aspects of cooperation between them. Political harmony, especially in Middle East issues, including the Arab-Israeli conflict, and official visits and letters exchanged between officials of the two countries were a clear feature in the framework of the development of political relations between the two sides, Which resulted in Evolution of economic relations between Britain and Saudi Arabia, and Saudi Arabia's vast oil wealth has contributed to this, But the most prominent feature in the relations between the two countries was through the agreements and military projects between them, Perhaps the military agreement that was held between them in 1985, known as the Yamamah deal is the best proof of that.

This research includes (The impact of the foreign influence on political life of Bahrain pre-Islam) The foreign influence had a major role shaping the political features of the region of Bahrain for the importance of this rich region with natural resources located on the western coast of the Arabian Gulf, which is an essential mutual point of the civilizations of the world and the gathering place of commercial caravans Therefore, Bahrain, naturally had become the focus of attention and the ambitions of the dominant kingdoms during pre-Islam period.

Divorce is a social phenomenon that affects the lives of individuals. families and communities. It leads to the destruction of the family and the disintegration of its relations and thus affects the growth of the population through its effect on fertility. This study was presented in three studies to present the problem of divorce in Qadisiya Governorate by relying on divorce cases registered in the courts for 2016. as well as relying on the field study by distributing questionnaire distributed to a sample of divorced women in the study area. The study dealt with the phenomenon of divorce and its geographical distribution and the extent of its variation within the administrative units in the governorate. Diwaniyah district ranked first in divorce cases registered (55.5%) of the total number of marriages (3598) in 2016. As for the crude divorce rates. it reached and for the same year throughout the province (2.3) per thousand. The province of Diwaniyah ranked first with (3.6) per thousand. while the district of Al-Shamiya ranked second by (1.3) per thousand. while the third place was allocated to the district of Hamzah (1.2) per thousand. The reasons for divorce have varied in the province. including social and economic reasons that have had a role in the high rates of divorce and thus the emergence of many of the effects that resulted from this phenomenon were the social and economic effects on the divorced.

The research dealt with revealing the reality of the religious services in the city of Ammara, knowing its size and spatial distribution in relation to the size of its population, as well as measuring the extent of its spatial and functional efficiency and finding out the extent to which it conforms to Iraqi standards. The research was based on some GIS techniques, especially distribution patterns, by the ideal service frameworks as well as the neighborhood link method. A number of population and survey criteria were used to measure the efficiency of religious service. The criteria for surplus and deficit were adopted in the number of mosques and per capita share of the building area For this service compared to the population. As well as the level of satisfaction with the services provided to the population. The research found that there are obvious shortcomings in the religious service in terms of the number of mosques needed by the city according to planning standards.

Recent advances in science and various academic fields have led to increased attention to quality in recent times. Quality comes at the forefront of the vital strategic concerns faced by libraries and information centers due to the progress of scientific and technical progress, and beyond the concept of quality and its traditional meaning of quality of service to include the quality of the library or information center to improve and develop processes and performance, and reduce costs, To meet the needs and requirements of the beneficiaries and to work in a team spirit. Since most of the information services provided by private university libraries are widely available to the beneficiaries, attention has shifted to the quality of performance of these services, and the beneficiaries are looking for superior services in quality and quality. Performance quality management has been recognized as an integrated approach based on human resources performance, Methods of work in libraries.