ADAB AL-BASRAH

Emily Dickinson adopted and developed a philosophical approach to the subjects of Death and Immortality; a matter considered incomparable addition to American Literature. She devoted many of her poems to the physical creative processes that Death went through, bringing about her digging quite deep to survey the scope of Immortality. Thus, the current research examines linguistically and critically Dickinson’s relation and attitude in the mystic poems through her employment of negative constructions. Negation, as the results showed, was found to serve a key role in the majority of the mystic poems under analysis in exposing her religious standpoint and personality

This paper provides a critical linguistic view of the story (The Minaret) by the Iraqi writer and storyteller "Muhammad Khudair". This vision takes advantage of the scientific and methodological methods presented by two sciences that are largely overlapping: Semiology (science of signs) and (Text science), and the overlap between these two sciences is a necessity necessitated by the developments of contemporary linguistic studies for various reasons related to the field of interest of these two sciences. These two sciences as well, are concerned with communicative aspects and exploring the artistic and aesthetic aspects of texts, and the process of interpretation, requirements, procedures, are also at the center of their attention. the analytical means and scientific tools provided by these two sciences, certainly enhances the objectivity of the research

Language is considered as one of the most important foundations upon which the theory of knowledge is based. Without language, knowledge loses its most central components for survival, renewal, growth, continuity and upgrading of human thought to developing, growing and renewing knowledge levels that help solve the problems of human existence and its cognitive manifestation.
Human thought is a linguistic one that is formed through language and it can transform knowledge into symbols that can be exchanged at the level of knowledge and culture, and transfer knowledge from one person to another and from one to another to form distinct knowledge systems that include various cultural systems.
Western philosophical discourse paid much attention to language and tried to approach language and its symbolic world, and it was busy with its ability to deal with the philosophical discourse objectively and neutrally to get rid of meaning fragmentation, deviation of connotation and loss of philosophical ideas..

This research aims to study the aesthetics of the imagined place in the poetry of Abdul Kareem Radhi Jaafar, as it occupies a prominent position in the poetic collections, through its diversities, connotations, and role; It is the imagined reality in the mind of the poet himself, created from his imagination to delude the listener with its realism. The poet Abdul Kareem resorted to employing wondrous things into an imaginary world, a magical world, leaving behind the borders of reality and its concerns. So, he found in these places a space of beauty, safety and love that he lost in the real place.

There is a close relationship between literature and analytical psychology, which led to the emergence of psychological criticism in literature. This criticism clarifies the relationship between literature and the writer, and what is hidden behind the literary impact. An example of this relationship is the “archetypal image” that was popularized in the 20th century by the Swiss founder of analytical psychology Carl Gustav Jung. The “archetypal image” represents the archetypes in the writer’s consciousness and is considered cultural motives of the internal structure that returns to the universal constants. And the archetypal image of the woman is one of the most important archetypes of human civilization.

The mental value and its connection to aesthetics relates to the relationship of language and thought, and the elucidation of the link between the intellectual values and social life. It is a common sense that language and social life are two interconnected aspects of life in the praise of virtuous morals and decency of races. This constitutes that could obviously appreciate beliefs, judgments, and thoughts as represented in the language of prose. The connection between the mind and aesthetic is the basis of human common sense and the various emotions, e.g., love or hate, will, control and understanding related to them

This research has taken the proverbs and their likes and (structures of everyday situations) in Sibawayh's book as a subject to re-read the grammatical heritage in the light of the prevailing social norms in society and to evoke the knowledge and cultural backgrounds rooted among the members of the linguistic community that have the greatest impact on the emergence of proverbs, sculpting and crystallizing them on specific bodies. I realize that customs and cultures have a prominent role in the birth of (the structures of daily life), in which all members of the linguistic community of different natures, affiliations, nationalities and cultures have colluded.
He extracted the intentions using all the circumstances surrounding the speech from the speaker’s beliefs, his social environment, his culture, the addressee, his intellectual and cultural level, customs and traditions, and everything related to the verbal achievement.

Sermons and discourses, in general, with their different and multiple types, are types of interactions within communicative contexts, and there is no doubt that these contexts affect the composition, selection, formation, investment, and employment of arguments.
This study will focus on the concept of al-Hijaj "Argument", its development and its relationship to the concepts that are associated with it, such as controversy, proof and rhetoric. In order for the study to come out with a valuable conclusion, I believe that addressing the argumentative mechanisms and types of arguments should be through application to a historical text with persuasive efficiency, which is the sermon of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, to "al-Ansar" after the Battle of Hunayn. The research sheds light on the most important types of arguments that came in the sermon, and presents the argumentative sequence in the sermon based on the concept of the argumentative ladder.

This research is concerned with the study of a woman's right to education in Islam, as Islam has accompaning a woman's life moment by moment since her birth upbringing, upbringing, and education, and women's education . It Islamic law is based on the Noble Qur'an and the honorable Sunnah focuses on health, mental, moral, psychological, and physical aspects, thus Islam is the first to legislate a law completely guaranteeing the woman's position, st No religion, including those that preceded Islam.

The Fatimids were interested in the field of industry for the need of society and the state for it to meet the requirements of social and political life or for military or security reasons, and this was evident to us in the manufacture of clothes and fabrics, which form part of the need of their successors in the ceremonies of their official processions to consolidate the conviction among Muslims of their Ismaili sect, and to add pomp to them. Ships because they became in direct contact with the Byzantines, whose chances of clashing with them became expected due to the escalating competition between the two parties at various levels, or for raising the banner of jihad in the face of the Crusades that began during their reign.

Asceticism was not a philosophy, way of thinking or a theory launched by Imam Ali bin Abi-Talib (pbuh) with his words, speeches to guide people to abandon worldly desires and chattel towards simple life and mysticism. Rather, asceticism was the sure output of his ordinary daily life and life of his household that no one else has reached before him except the Prophet (pbuh). He has become an unrivalled transcendent model that all scholars, philosophers, clerics, politicians and rulers will never dispute. The Imam has outdone all of the definitions of asceticism in food, clothing and life welfare to embody its philosophical, ethical and religious essence. This allowed him to occupy a distinctive venue in ruling people’s life and affairs. They found in him the real Imam and just ruler when Kufa experienced better life conditions: the poor people and orphans secured their living and all felt the very equality, justice and real Islamic ruling.

The Kingdom of Bahrain is one of the Arab Gulf states that witnessed the displacement and stability of the Jewish minority since the second half of the nineteenth century and later periods. Many factors and reasons, including political stability, and during the period of its existence practiced many economic and financial commercial activities, but their stability in that region did not last long, as the decision to divide Palestine in 1948 prompted large numbers of Jews to leave Bahrain and migrate to different regions of the world, in particular Israel and the United States of America.

The study (The Mockers of the Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) is a historical study which deals with one of the important topics that looks at the methods taken by the stubborn polytheists of the Quraish to stand up to the call of the Messenger (may God bless him and grant him peace) by God Almighty. After God Almighty commanded the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of God be upon him and his family) to the call to God (so declare what you are commanded and turn away from the polytheists), (Al-Hijr / 94), after he used to call people secretly, which generated strong opposition and after that the polytheists of Mecca realized the danger of the direction of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of God be upon him and his family).

The (Israeli) war on Lebanon in 2006 was variously named. (Israel) called it the Second Lebanon War, and Hezbollah called it Al-Waad Al-Sadiq (The True Promise). The war began on Wednesday, July 12, 2006 between the (Israeli) army and the Lebanese Hezbollah forces, after a military force affiliated with the (Israeli) army came under heavy fire from a military ambush in the (Al-Mutalla) area inside the (Israeli) territories.
That incident was the spark that led to the outbreak of the (Israeli)-Lebanese war in 2006. The war lasted for 34 days in different regions of Lebanon, especially in the southern regions and the capital Beirut, and in the north of (Israel), in several regions, including the Galilee. The (Israeli) government and the Knesset played an important role in the political and military aspects.

The research aims to shed light on the (German-Israeli arms deals 1956-1961) concluded by "Israel" with the West German government, and these deals took the nature of secrecy for fear of deteriorating relations between West Germany and the Arab countries. One of the reasons for holding it was the continuation of the Arab-Israeli wars, which prompted decision-makers in Tel Aviv to think of the need to obtain more weapons, as well as diversify the sources of arming the Israeli armed forces to be ready to face the “dangers” surrounding it, especially from its neighboring Arab countries. Contributing to the conclusion of these deals, the start of German-Israeli relations in 1950 and the signing of the compensation agreement in Luxembourg in 1952, according to which "Israel" obtained very large sums, which it used to develop its economy and build its armed forces. The research was divided into two parts: the first of them dealt with ( The circumstances that paved the way for the conclusion of German-Israeli arms deals) and the developments and circumstances.

Population distribution is of great importance in population studies, through its role in revealing the reasons that made some areas attractive to the population and others less attractive or repelling the population. The general density of Al-Hartha, with evidence that (24, 27) units, respectively, exceeded the general density of Al-Hartha during the 1997 census and 2020 estimates, which amounted to (1.7, 2.4) respectively, And then the research determined the populated areas that are located in the eastern parts of the district of Al-Hartha and the unpopulated areas that spread in the rest of the district, and then the research dealt with the way in which the population is distributed in the district of Al-Hartha and indicated whether the population is distributed regularly or irregularly and the research is located In an introduction and three sections, the first topic dealt with the general and real density in the Hartha district.

The continuous growth of the population and their constant need for food Make with it the urgent need to improve and develop agricultural crops in general, Leguminous crops have received a share of attention, no less than the main cereal crops What resulted from this interest is the large spread of legume crops in most countries of the world, In particular, Iraq Until it secured for itself a permanent place in the cropping structure of seasonal agricultural plans. Its grains contain a high percentage of vegetable protein of high nutritional value and the only source of it, As well as oils, carbohydrates and vitamins Which increased its uses as a major human food and important animal feed Not to mention its great ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen through bacterial nodes in its roots Which gave it great importance within the regular agricultural cycles to reduce the use of industrial nitrogen fertilizers that are costly to improve soil properties, Therefore, the research sought here to study the natural geographical factors

The research aims to use GIS software in choosing the most appropriate solutions and making the best decisions, especially with regard to processing and analyzing spatial information, evaluating the locations of the current educational institutions in the city of Hartha according to spatial standards and thus choosing the most appropriate sites for future schools distributed over the city’s neighborhoods according to building spatial adequacy models according to their degree of suitability. The proposed standards were then produced with high-resolution digital maps for the year 2021, as the researcher relied on modern satellite visuals after designing a database through statistical spatial processing using the program “Arc GIS 10.2, and for that, the research reached several results, the most important of which is determining the extent of the deficit in the number of schools, which amounted to 81 kindergartens, 25 primary schools, and 3 secondary schools, and choosing the most appropriate sites for them.

The city considered as an important human phenomenon that represents important center for gathering of urban residents. It must provides basic services to its residents of the surrounding areas in order to continuation of life comfortably and completely. Among all these services that provides by the city is the diversity of land uses for transportation purposes and that each use has a specific space in the city, Therefore the urban transport network is an inevitable necessity for human presence on the surface of the earth and its movement from one place to another. They are like lifelines that connect the different parts of the urban area on the one hand ,and link them to the neighboring areas on the other.

The current research deals with the study of the art of ancient civilizations according to a new hermeneutic method , which attempts to explain the paranormal vocabulary, which represents all the supernormal phenomena of the system of logical and sequential interpretation of the history of ancient civilizations in general, and the history of the art of those civilizations in particular, with an explanation of the types of those phenomena and the level of the context of the ordinary interpretation and its comparison with what is superior to it, with illustrative examples and digital pictures, and then trying to capture the interpretation theories that have emerged over time, especially what was mean by studying these phenomena, as well as trying to find any explanations that surround this phenomenon closely.

Culture represents an essential and central element in a person's life, as it is a reflection of his way of living and his interaction with the environment in which he lives and the group to which he belongs. By his very nature, man is a social being who is born in an environment and surrounding with which he interacts and harmonizes with its values. These values define his behaviours and impacts his trends. The cultural trends are a bond that binds a person to a group of people due to their communication and their attempt to create their intellectual, artistic, literary and ideological needs, and his success in creating his own culture gives him a cultural identity that distinguishes him from the rest of the societies.