Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum among children in the city of Ramadi and made a comparison between ziehl -Neelsen method and the ELISA method, which is usually used to diagnose this parasite in Ramadi hospital (administration of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Ramadi Teaching Hospital).
Fecal samples were collected from 813 children under 5 years. Oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum parasite were determined by using ELSIA and Ziehl-Neelsen (acid-fast stain, ZN).
Our study was shown that the rate of prevalence of the C. parvum was 7.87% from the total of 813 samples of diarrhea by using Zeihl-Neelsen method while ELISA technique result was 11.56% From our results, ELISA technique more specific than Ziehl-Neelsen method in diagnosis of C. parvum and the different is significant (P <0.05)..

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common bacterial stomach infections and is implicated in a majority of stomach and duodenum ulcer as well as gastric cancer. The study showed that the incidence in Diyala is nearly high comparing with the surrounding, little known about H. pylori prevalence in this population or other Native communities. In this cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori among people subjects of different age groups ranged between 1 year to >50 years old. Two hundred and fifty of blood samples were collected from patients admitted Teaching hospitals in Baqubah city and subjected to serological screening test.
The results revealed that the prevalence of H. pylori antibody in human blood samples were 75.2%. The results appeared that H. pylori in males were more than females as rate was 78% among males compared to females’ infection rate was 70%. The study also showed that the high prevalence rate of H. pylori antibody in the blood of patient’s age group 31-40 years was (77.8%), followed by the age group of 41-50 years (76.2%). Regarding risk factors, smoker males were the most infected with H. pylori (78.4%) compared to smoker females (31.7%). The results concluded that, the seroprevalence of H. pylori among human in Diyala Governorate was very high, and the infection occurred at all ages, particularly in the young people ages.

The current study was conducted from April 19 to May 29, 2021 Public Health department, Animal Origin Division, in the Kirkuk Health department in Kirkuk city to study the causes and spread of infections recorded for period from 2016-2019 in Kirkuk Governorate, 67 cases were diagnosed according to the months,. The highest infection recorded in 2019 was (26) 38.80% and the lowest infection was (10) 14.92% in each of 2016 and 2017 years. The group of health sectors showed the cyst disease caused by strays dogs, which is one of environmental pollutants, where Kirkuk First sector recorded the highest infection (31) 44.77%, while Hawija First sector recorded the lowest infection (4) 5.97%. The study recorded that the percentage of infection among females was 68.65%, and it was more than males 31.34%. The age group 15-25 years showed the highest number of injuries (46), with a rate of 68.65% of injuries during the years.

In the present work, Brus equation has been used to study the size effect of the quantum dot on the optical properties of some semiconductor compounds ( CdS, ZnS and ZnO). It is found that the absorption wavelength and bandgap energy are dependent on the size of the QD. As the size of the QD decreases, the bandgap energy increases and the absorption wavelength decreases. There is good agreement of the theoretical results of the bandgap energy and absorption wavelength obtained in this study using Brus equation with the published experimental results for the semiconductor compounds mentioned above.

Calcareous nannofossils are examined up on the Shiranish Formation from the Bekhaer anticline in Northern Iraq. The study area includes about 55 meters to find calcareous nannofossils assemblages, from which (36) species have identified.
Three biozones are postulated based on the above studied assemblages, in order of biozones: Tranolithus phacelosus biozone; Reinhardites levis biozone; Arkhangelskiella cymbiformis biozone. From a regional perspective, these biozones were connected with other calcareous nannofossils biozones, leading to the conclusion that the section is Late Campanian-Maastrichtian in age

This work were carried out on 193 thin sections from Middle Jurassic Sargelu Formation. These samples are from three wells (Ajil-8, Balad-1 and Baiji-1). Petrographically, the Sargelu Formation composed of skeletal component (radiolaria, pelecypods, calcispheres, planktonic, benthonic foraminifera and ostracods), in addition non-skeletal such as pellets, groundmass of micrite and recrystallized microspars. Many diagenetic processes affected this formation the main which have been recognized are: compaction, micritization, cementation, neomorphism, dissolution, fractures and veins, silicifaction and dedolomitization in addition authigenic minerals (pyrite). Depending on the petrographic studies the following microfacies have been recognized: Lime Mudstone Microfacies which was divided into three submicrofacies (Pelecypodal Lime Mudstone, Radiolarian Lime Mudstone and Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Mudstone), Wackestone Microfacies which was divided into four submicrofacies (Radiolarian Lime Wackestone, Halobia Wackestone, Calcispheres Wackestone and Planktonic Foraminiferal Wackestone) and Packstone Microfacies (Halobia Lime Packstone and Peloidal Lime Packstone). The overall characters of these microfacies indicate that the formation was deposited in two different environments: (1) upper Bathyal environment at the lower part (2) Outer shelf environment at the upper part.

This paper presents the evaluations of the reservoir characterization of the Lower Miocene Euphrates, and Jeribe carbonate formations that have been selected for this study in Kor Mor Gasfield in Northeastern Iraq. The Euphrates ranged in thickness between 30 and 65, and Jeribe 30 and 50m in this field, and they are overlain by a thick evaporate cap rock of the Fatha Formation. The two formations are separated by the thin evaporate rock unit of the Dhiban Formation
The full set of log data for the well Km-9 was used in addition to some general data derived from other eight wells (Km-1 to Km-8). The log data have been used in evaluating the reservoir properties of the two rock units. The detected lithologies from the available mud log and well reports showed that the two formations mostly dolostone and dolomitic limestone were dominated. From the log data, different types of reservoir properties (clay content, clay types, porosity, and fracture index,) have been estimated. The average porosity of the Euphrates reservoir is around of 0.15, and the Jeribe 0.10, the secondary porosity makes a significant fraction of porosity in both units.

The effect of operation modes of condensing magnetic lenses has been investigated to determining the total demagnification and the diameter of the electron beam coming out of it. The cross-over point inside the electron gun is considered as the object (do) with a diameters ranges of (10 – 100 µm) to find out the optical efficiency of the double lens condensing system and its ability to forming a high précising image of the 1st real image formed inside electron gun of thermal emission that acts as an actual source of electron beam. The following modes; (weak- weak), (weak- strong), (strong- strong), and (strong- weak); denoted as (#1, #2, #3, #4 respectively); have been studied. The best value for the total demagnification and the diameter of the electron beam has been obtained in the mode of (strong- strong; #3); where the parameters were: (dMt = 1014.199), (d2 = 49.3 nm), while the worst value has been achieved in the mode (weak- weak; #1) (dMt = 31.56267), (d2 = 1584.15 nm). It is found that by increasing the demagnification of the first condenser lens, the demagnification of the final real image produced by the double lens system has been positively affected. It is found that the relationships that obtained between the demagnification and the current density can be used as a calibration curve to obtain the required total demagnification for the electronic beam diameter for any mode according to the purpose of the desired application

Determination the electron transport parameters, (drift velocity ( ) , mean electron en¬ergy ( ), diffusion coefficient (D), mobility ( ) and ionization coeffi¬cient ( ) ), in an at¬tempt to show the influence of the presence of dust on their behavior in a direct cur¬rent low pres¬sure SF6 glow discharge .The Boltz¬mann Transport Equation (BTE), using two-term approxima¬tion are solved self-consistly. Making use of simulation model program for the numerical finite element method (FEM) of the boltzman equation to calculate the electron energy distribution function and the transport parameters in the range of reduced electric field E/N (300_1000 Td). As well as evaluated the electron temperature in pristine and dusty plasma and dust surface potential at E/N (40 Td)

The increase demand for electric power, high consumption and little power station capacity has caused to reduce supplying hours of electricity in Iraq. Furthermore high bills prices especially in rural areas and cities faraway from electricity-generating power stations. In addition to the increase in pollution due to the use of fossil fuel sources. All those obstacles have led to the search for cheap, clean and renewable energy sources. In this research, wind turbine model operates at a low wind speed and high efficiency was achieved. The model was located and studied in Tikrit city where wind power need to be consumed. Here, the vertical turbine with an area of 0.49 m2 was designed and then it was placed at least 8 meters above the ground without any disturbances within 100 meters in any direction. The system was observed to start rotating with wind speed of 1.5 m/s. However, the best turbine cycles per minute were 68 was obtained at wind speed of 6.6 m/s and the system torque was 60 N.m. Finally, 75 watts of power was produced from a multipurpose generator that was designed to run a single battery. and was used (Neodymium magnet), and also operated at low speed.

In this paper, we introduced the notion new types of algebras pseudo BG- algebra, pseudo sub BG –algebra, Pseudo Ideal and pseudo strong Ideal of Pseudo-BG-Algebras. We state some Proposition and examples which determine the relationships between these notions and some types of ideal and we introduced the notion semi pseudo BG- algebra, pseudo sub BG –algebra, Pseudo Ideal and pseudo strong Ideal of semi pseudo-BG-Algebras. We investigated a new notion, of algebra called semi pseudo BG- algebra. We state some Proposition and examples which determine the relationships between these notions and some types of ideals defined minimal and homomorphism and kernel

In this study, the problem of outlier detection in “linear regression” analysis is studied using the “median” and “mean” “absolute deviation” about the median. “The mean and standard deviation” are heavily affected by outliers Hence, the outlier detection techniques based on these measures may not correctly identify all outliers in a dataset. However, “the mean absolute deviation about the median”, in combination with the median is sufficiently robust in the presence of outliers and provides a better alternative. The conceptualized method was tested using leukemia patients data and the results indicate that the new method performed better than the methods based on the mean/ standard deviation combination. It is recommended that the median and “mean absolute deviation” about the median be used in detecting outliers in regression analysis due to their inherent potential for increasing the” goodness-of-fit of the “linear regression mode”.

The derivation of the Embedded pair Diagonally Implicit Type Runge-Kutta Method (EDITRKM) for solving 3rd special order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is introduced in the current study. The EDITRKM techniques are the name of the approach. This approach in the present study has two types: EDITRKM 4(3) for order 4 and 3 of the first pair and EDITRKM 5(4) for orders 5 and 4 of the second pair. To investigate the current study, a variety of tests for five various initial value problems (IVPs) with different step sizes h were implemented. Then, a comparation of the present study between the EDITRKM 4(3) and EDITRKM 5(4) for five different problems are made. The numerical techniques elucidated as the qualification regarding the efficiency and decimal logarithm for highest the time curve against logarithm of number of the function call estimate.

The M-Polynomial and Nirmala index are considered as two of the most recent found and important subjects in chemical graph theory. In this paper we drive and prove the computing formula of Nirmala index from the M-Polynomial, then compute the M-Polynomial for some certain composite graphs, and the Nirmala index via the computed M-Polynomial. The composite graphs are new defined graphs Kn(Pt)Km , Cn(e)Kn , and others obtained from simple graphs by certain graph operations such as join, corona, and cluster of any graph with some special graphs such as complete, path, …etc.

In this paper, we will study a new class of sets and said to be generalized N* ideal -closed sets in nano N* ideal topological spaces and its properties. Furthermore the relationships were introduced and notation.