Basrah Journal of Science

Because of there is no general analytical method for solving the quadratic time varying optimal control problems (QTVOCPs), many authors adopt the numerical methods for this purpose. This motivates some authors to use the differential transform method (DTM) for finding an approximate solution for the linear quadratic optimal control problems (LQOCPs) and a class of nonlinear quadratic optimal control. In this paper, we propose an algorithm depend on applying DTM about the two end points of the time horizon to find an approximate solution for the linear or nonlinear QTVOCPs. To show the reliability, accuracy and efficiency of suggested method, some illustrated examples have been provided.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of wheat germ oil (WGO) with or without folic acid on rabbit body weight, growth rate, feed consumption, feed efficiency and nutrient digestion at different ages. This experiment was conducted in one of the breeding halls of the Department of Animal Production at the College of Agriculture/ University of Basrah from 1-2-2018 to 1-7-2018 preceded by an introductory period of 10 days for the acclimatization of animals. Eight males and 56 female rabbits were purchased from local markets, at the age of two months, with an average weight of (650, 810) grams for males and females, respectively. The animals were divided randomly into four groups (14 females + 2 males/ group) The first group is a control group (no WGO) and the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th groups were given WGO orally at a dose of 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 ml/ kg body weight/ day respectively for five months. After two months of, treatments the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th group were divided into two groups. The 1st group of each treated group continued received the same dose of WGO according to experimental protocol while the 2nd group of each treatment received the same dose of WGO plus folic acid at a dose of(1 mg/ kg of body weight/ animal) at the age of 150 days (puberty).The results revealed that dosing rabbit with WGO improved body weight at the age of puberty and pregnancy, especially the 0.75 ml/kg dose without folic acid (2887.95, 3087.95 and 3641.45 gm at 150 days of age, 15 and 30 days of pregnancy respectively). Those with folic acid were 2887.95, 3105.90 and 3660.85 gm respectively. Growth rate of 0.75 WGO with folic acid exceeded all other groups at 15 and 30 days of pregnancy (7.27 and 36.99 gm respectively). These improvements are reflecting the better digestion coefficients of drymaters (DM), Curde protein (CP) and curde fiber (CF) of the group dosed with 0.75 WGO with folic acid at 150 days of age (69.96%, 84.96% and 77.25% respectively).

Current study had done in November 2018 in four stations include two stations in south and another two in north of Shatt Al –Arab of Iraq. The pH value is ranged from 7.85 to 8.89 as well as the electrical conductivity from 2.84 to 3.92 ms/cm while the salinity is ranged from 1.81 to 2.5cPPT and these values were recorded at temperature ranging (14-18.2) ˚C and dissolved oxygen was 6 to 9.22 mg /L. The biological oxygen demined ranged was (1-5) mg/L. These total dissolved heavy elements showed significant differences in water, fish, and plant samples. In water samples, found iron value was in the range of 9.52 to 14.97) mg/L while zinc component value was ranged from 0.48 to 1.11 mg/L, and copper component values ranged between (0.275 -0.848) mg/L. In the all body fish samples, the iron component appeared value ranged from 11.18 to 15.83 mg/kg dry weight while the value of zinc component is ranged of (17.306-74.25) mg /kg dry weight while copper component recorded value ranging of (11.45 - 34) mg / kg dry weight. Further, plant samples contain iron element value ranged from 16.12 to 42.12 mg / kg dry weight while zinc element value ranged between (22.55-142) mg / kg dry weight and copper component recorded values ranging of (65.875-94.5) mg / kg dry weight. However, cadmium and lead elements were not detectable in all plant species.

Through adopting the co-precipitation method using K2CO3Nickel, palladium and platinum catalysts (every 1 wt.%) On CaO and ZrO2 to develop Pt,Pd and Ni /Ca1-xZrxO (where x = 0, 0.03, 0, 07 and 0.15) were manufactured. As a precipitate, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Programmed H2 (H2-TPR) and thermo-thermal analysis (TGA). Pt,Pd,Ni/Ca0.85Zr0.15O reported best methane dry reform (DRM) activity at 98.02% and 85.94% for Carbon dioxide and methane conversions and 1.14 for H2/CO- ratio at 900°C and 1:1 of CH4:CO2 ratio. Various effects were observed when ZrO2 was used as a catalyst promoter. First, the cubic CaO stage has stabilized. Second, there was an increase thermal stability and basic support. In the end, carbon deposits and Ni2+, Pd2+ and Pt2+ ions have shrunk.

New Schiff bases compounds containing benzene moiety has been synthesized from reaction between (4-(((4-(Alkyloxy) benzylidene) amino) methyl) phenyl)methan amine and 4-((6-bromohexyl) oxy)benzaldehyde or 4-(4-bromobutoxy)benzaldehyde. FT-IR of these compounds have been studied. The complete 1H and 13C NMR assignment of these compounds has been obtained using one-dimensional NMR techniques including 1H and 13C experiments. The data deduced from this study show that the alkyl chain and the phenyl rings are in different planes compared to the benzene ring.

Polyacrylointrile (PAN) was prepared by electrospinning method in normal condition at the room temperature .The PAN nanofibers were investigated by XRD and SEM techniques .Optical properties of the thin film of PAN nanofibers were studied by the transmission and absorption spectra at room temperature within the wavelength of (300-700nm) . Optical energy gap Eopt and other parameters were calculated using Tauc relation . The dispersion relationship of refractive index were computed by using Wemple – Didomenico single oscillator model.