Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences

Sediment amounts and discharges in several of irrigation canals branched from Euphrates
river downstream Al-hindyia barrage. the discharges ,cross section ,field measurements and laboratory tests all are taken from previous works. The results shown that the Einstein-Brown and Shields were more convenious and suitable but Einstein-Brown methods gave more close value to the field measurements than the other methods

This research aims to study some aspects and important properties in manufacturing of polymeric advanced composite materials reinforced by fibers will be studied ,these aspects show as introduction to some important properties of polymeric composite materials reinforced by fibers related with its composition and some mechanical properties (Tension ,Impact, Compression, Flexural, etc) .The objective of this research is to study the effect of using different reinforcement percentage of fibers on mechanical properties for composite material consist of vinyl ester resin reinforced by unidirectional Kevlar fibers with surface density (340 g/cm2) which included impact , tensile, compression , and flexural strength , where we extracted the mechanical properties for vinyl ester resin before reinforced by fibers, then we reinforced the resin by different weight percentage from kevlar Fibers (20%,40%,60%) and studied its effect on the above mechanical properties .

Due to insufficient water resources, groundwater is considered as the main water supply sources in some regions in Kirkuk city. A Golden Software (Surfer8) is used to show the elevation and the chemical characteristics of the groundwater that have been investigated and evaluated in order to examine the major suitability of the water for drinking and domestic uses. Water samples collected from 29 wells and analyzed for pH, electric conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), Ca++, Mg++, Na+, HCO3-, Cl- ,SO4--and the total hardness. The mean value for the analyzed data was (7.9, 1287.9, 995.38, 111.7, 67.7, 73.662, 202.42, 32.88, 430, and 570.058) mgl respectively. The analysis result was compared with the WHO standards of drinking water quality parameters and show that the analysis is within the standards of WHO except the concentrations of the sulphate and the total hardness. A high concentration of sulphate is due to the gypsum nature of the soil in Kirkuk city. It is observed that the quality of water is not suitable for drinking and domestic purposes in most water samples.

The Al-Dewanyia Water General Authority (DWGA) operates and maintains four water treatment plants to produce potable water for 300,000 inhabitations in Al-Dewanyia city. Surface water from Al-Dewanyia river is treated by aluminum sulphate (alum) coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and chlorine disinfection (clearwell). DWGA has set goals for turbidity for clarified and filtered water. These goals pertain to water inside the Water Treatment Plant (WTP), outside the water treatment plant, and in the distribution system, DWGA continues to meet the Iraqi Ministry of Health Standard of 5 NTU. Each day at DWGA WTPs, chemists measure the turbidity of water from each individual clarifier and from each individual filter. The WTP Manager reviews this data and uses it to make process control decisions about chemical dosage and filter backwash. This paper explains DWGA’s Turbidity Goal for filtered water, presents recent data, and describes how WTP managers use this data for process control. Any water treatment plant in Iraq can use these procedures. The results can be better process control and higher quality water

The aim of this investigation is the detection of the ability of salt gradient solar pond the lake of shortfall in electric power in Iraq .This study Conducted using small model of solar pond for Weather conditions of Baghdad city, balance of power and distribution of saline was done through this model and the equations found was solved numerically using finite difference approach by Matlab program to study thermal behaviour of pond for all days of the year. Temperature and density profiles obtained twenty five days after filling for different months in year and it was noted that the temperature at the bottom of the pond in Baghdad is more than the temperatures in other places of the world which leads to increase in pond efficiency. The study stated that the solar pond can be used to produce electricity better in Iraq than in other countries because of Iraq’s extant Geographic location, in addition this method is best used dusty weather in comparison with other methods of solar energy.

The Reliability is such an extensive subject that it would not be possible to deal with all its various methods in a single study. The present study thus has focused its attention on one of the Reliability methods that is the Path Tracing Method. The method is concerned a detailed explanation has been presented and being applied on the 400Kv of Iraqi West North super grid. Method used matrix for calculating the Reliability its value depends on path of the power from generator (Mussel mean dam and Paji p.s) to the distribution in Baghdad .The number of rows equal to number of paths while the number of columns equal to the number of contains of network by using differential equation calculating the Reliability of network. As a conclusion its found that the quantity evaluation of Reliability give a clear vision for continuity of any system at work within safety limit and it can determine how a system might fail and the consequences of this failure.

n this paper I proposed a model for COFDM (coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) based on OFDM structure with TCM coding block and with Higher constellation modulation schemes (BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, QASK)Computer simulation models with Matlab system for performance assessment over the effects of channel like noise (AWGN) and multi-path fading channel such as (Rayleigh distribution) As a result these models of proposed COFDM have better gains in dB at the receiver output under ideal and Rayleigh fading channel and some features like high data rate up to 20MHz at carrier frequency 1GHz, robust to channel propagation effects, increasing resistance to types of interferences, and provide the security by hid the signal from eavesdropper. These features make the proposed model more suitable to use with wireless communication for 4G (fourth generation) digital mobile communication

In this research a robotic hand is proposed and controlled by simulation with fuzzy control technology, and that’s in order to mimics the catching way of a human hand. The aim of this idea is to accomplish a dangers works that human person cannot or it is difficult to do it. The actuator that is used to provide the hand motion and grasping force is the proposed Pneumatic actuator associated with the artificial hand. Three case studies are established to indicate the ability of the control technique to achieve the requirements of catching. No phalanxes are observed in this hand

The efficiency of sensor networks strongly depends on the routing protocol used. Most of routing protocols might differ depending on the application, mode of functioning and network architecture. Overall, the routing techniques are classified into three categories based on the underlying network structure: flat, hierarchical, and location-based routing. In this paper, we analyze three different types of hierarchical routing protocols: LEACH, TEEN, and PEGASIS. Furthermore, the paper investigates the power consumption for all protocols. Simulation results show that PEGASIS reduces overall energy consumption and improves network lifetime over its comparatives.

This work illustrates the setup and solution of a three-dimensional turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer problem in a mixing poly flow pipe junction by fluent under ansys 12 (finite volume). The mixing poly flow of water configuration is encountered in piping systems in power plants and process industries. It is often important to predict the flow field and temperature field in the area of the mixing region in order to properly design the junction. In this work a different Reynolds number are used to predict the better mixing in poly flow pipe. Coarse mesh type are available for more accurate and the inlet velocity and temperature of the fluid can be specified and the effect of the side stream on mixing within the poly flow pipe can be observed. Temperature dependent fluid density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat can be specified. Pressure drop and temperature change from Inlets to the Outlet are reported. Plots of velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, are available also velocity vectors, temperature contours, and streamlines can be displayed in the flow domain

In this research, set of experimental works are performed by adding carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) to the water to made non – Newtonian fluids to find out some of relationships in this subject. Tests are done by FANN-VG instrument after preparing the samples for test. Comparative graphs of shear stress vs. shear rates are plotted for experimental work, power law and Herschel – bulkley models. The behaviour of shear stress with shear rate is examined and finds that the relation between them is proportional for all them. The percentage error of power law and Herschel- bulkley models with CMC% established. It can see that the percentage error decrease when CMC% increase. Also the relationship for (n) values with CMC% concentration found, decreases with increasing CMC%. At last yield point over plastic viscosity with CMC% are plotted and found proportional.