Journal of Misan Researches

In this study , we seek to show the extent of the contribution of human forces and their impact on the formation of Islamic political thought, as the source of ruling power in the development of some Islamic political theories, as well as determining the course of governance and setting certain mechanisms for it, which contributed effectively to defining the Islamic political system ruling long historical periods that extended in some aspects to the present time, from this point of view, the researcher followed the historical approach descriptive and analytical and accordingly divided into three sections preceded by an introduction where the first section of which is related to the concept of human forces and development , and the second section was entitled the impact of human forces in the establishment of Islamic political theories and finally came the third section on the impact of human forces in the mechanisms of choosing the ruler and then followed by the conclusion and the list of sources and references

The Holocene era is the period of climate change from the cold and ice period to the moderate climate age, and its impact on the growth of plant and pastoral life and the recovery and abundance of water sources, in addition to the fertility of the land, which attracted the attention of the Paleolithic man, the era of hunting, moving and gathering that required effort, pain and fear from man. The climate changes in this era helped man strive to build a new life befitting his human status, socially, intellectually and artistically, and to enter a new era in his life, which is the Neolithic period, the period of agriculture, domestication, construction and stability. Perhaps the role of women in formulating some ideas, rituals and arts emerged, due to the available leisure, her overwhelming emotions, her intense fear, and her tireless efforts to provide food to help men, fearing for her family members, which helped the changing climate conditions to ensure the survival of larger numbers than in the previous period

Interpretation is an important mechanism of discourse analysis, as it works to build meaning by recalling its internal structures of words, grammatical structure, morphological and rhetorical structures, and its external structures of reasons for revelation, textual parallels, doctrine, scientific references, etc. The research focused on studying the most important major interpretive mechanisms (language, grammar) and minor (textual parallels, reasons for revelation) in the interpretation of Al-Basair; therefore, the study was divided into an introduction and two chapters.
The introduction dealt with defining the interpreter, interpretation and its method
The first chapter: The minor internal interpretive mechanisms (language and grammar) The second section: The major external interpretive mechanisms (reasons for revelation, parallel texts, then we concluded our study with the most important results that the researcher reached, with a presentation of a list of sources and references.
It is worth noting that the reason for the researcher’s reliance on some minor and major textual mechanisms that interpretive analysis depends on to know the interpreter’s ability to use them is because they are considered among the most important means that the interpreter employs to understand the intention of God Almighty in his holly Quran and as a result of the enormity of the interpretation, it was impossible to address other mechanisms

The vocative style is an integrated linguistic phenomenon at the levels of the language (sound, morphology, semantics, and pragmatics). This phenomenon cannot be studied and known at any level, regardless of the other levels. The separation between them here is for the purposes of research and study, so the researcher decided to study this method. Within two levels of language, the grammatical level and the semantic level associated with it, it adopted a descriptive analytical approach to describe the grammaticality of this method and explain its significance, adopting the vision of scholars in describing the methods of appeal mentioned in this supplication, and analyzing it in a grammatical and semantic analysis according to what is required by the context in which it appears. in it, Therefore, the research was based on two things: studying the grammatical style of the call to prayer in Kumayl’s supplication, and deducing the semantic meanings that can be read and inferred from the forms of the call in each stanza of this supplication, this requires the student to link the style of the call to the circumstances and situations in which it was used, to reveal the semantic meanings generated in it

This study aims to identify the initiative of the Tunisian President Habib Bourguiba, calling to find a solution to the Palestinian issue. The speech was delivered by the president to the Palestinian people in Jericho on March 3, 1965, during his official visit to Jordan, the Levant, Turkey and Iran. In his speech, Bourguiba called for the adoption of the principle of the "Take and Demand" policy, and the adoption of the "policy of stages" approach, given the imbalance of power between the Arab countries and Israel at both, the military and political levels, calling for acceptance of the UN resolution issued on November 29, 1947which stated the division of Palestine into two states: Arab and Jewish.
Bourguiba had reacted to most of the political events related to the Palestinian issue, and did not hesitate to take bold positions, contrary to the constants of the Arab nation. Hence, his speech was considered contrary to the official Arab speech, outside of the Arab consensus, and a tool that promotes colonialism and Zionism at the expense of Arab and Palestinian constants.
The state of Kuwait was the most Arab country that condemned the speech of the Tunisian president at the official and popular levels, and took a decision to suspend loans provided to Tunisia from the Kuwaiti fu

Jama’at-i-Islami is an Islamic political group founded in Lahore in 1941 by Abul A'la Maududi, an Islamic thinker who saw Islam as providing a political ideology that transcended strict religious discipline. Initially, Jamaat-e-Islami opposed the partition of the Indian subcontinent and wich lwads to establishment of an Islamic state throughout India. The independence of Pakistan in 1947 prompted Jamaat-e-Islami to campaign peacefully for the transformation of Pakistan into an Islamic system of government. The Jamaat-e-Islami campaigned primarily for an Islamic constitution and evolved into an Islamic lobby for the establishment of an Islamic state. It is credited with introducing the Islamic element into the political and constitutional structure of Pakistan and keeping the cause of Islam alive in Pakistani political life. The Jamaat's style, ideas and policies regarding the Islamic constitution of Pakistan emerged from 1947 to 1956

This study aims to investigate the impact of the guided imagination strategy on improving the performance of fourth-year literary students in the subject of history, with a focus on enhancing understanding and engagement with historical content through stimulating imagination and creative thinking. The researcher adopted an experimental design involving two groups: an experimental group and a control group. A total of 60 students from Al-Batool Secondary School in Maysan Governorate were selected, ensuring the experiment's balance and generalizability.

The students were evenly divided into two groups, with 30 students in each. The experimental group, consisting of 30 students, was taught using the guided imagination strategy, while the control group, also comprising 30 students, was taught using traditional methods. To measure the impact of the guided imagination strategies on students’ performance, the researcher employed an achievement test designed to assess understanding and analysis of historical concepts. Additionally, questionnaires were used to evaluate students' engagement with the guided imagination sessions.
The results revealed that students in the experimental group achieved significant improvement in their performance compared to the control group. This underscores the effectiveness of the guided imagination strategy in enhancing academic achievement and deep understanding of historical content, as well as its role in fostering curiosity and critical thinking.
Based on these findings, the researcher recommended integrating the guided imagination strategy more widely into curricula, emphasizing the need to tailor educational sessions to accommodate the diverse learning styles of students. In conclusion, the study makes a valuable contribution to the field of history education by highlighting the active role of guided imagination in improving students' performance and engagement with academic content. This approach not only boosts their academic achievement but also develops their creative and critical thinking skills

This Paper examines the role of history in Tanushree Podder’s Escape from Harem. It attempts to explore the history in the novel as a manifestation of the consecutive exemplification of the contemporary dynasty and how it affects the current social and political status quo. As such, the significance of the representations of history corresponds to the fact that ethnicity would be understood in the light of historical elements as being depicted by Podder. This is due to the fact that the perception of ethnicity, moreover, results in comprehension of its nations, traditions, norms, culture, and customs and the like. Consequently, the representations of history is an implicative representations of history of Mughal community, which is the core indication of history portrayed in the novel. As such, the aim of this study is to explore the intricate layers of history through its influence upon the Indian society and how they intersect with each other throughout historical periods. Thus, the study’s methodology will be limited to the concept of tradition and its relationship with culture and society

This study explores the narrative approach as an innovative method for enhancing English language fluency. It examines the theoretical foundations of storytelling techniques in language acquisition, drawing from various learning theories and comparing the approach to traditional language teaching methods. The study discusses practical implementations of narrative-based lessons, including the integration of storytelling into various language skills and the use of digital tools. Through case studies and research findings, the study demonstrates the positive impact of the narrative approach on measurable aspects of fluency, learner engagement, and motivation. While acknowledging potential challenges such as cognitive load and cultural adaptability, the research suggests strategies to overcome these limitations. The study concludes by considering future directions in narrative-based language learning, including emerging trends and areas for further research, positioning the narrative approach as a promising method for developing English fluency in an increasingly interconnected global society

The learners’ attitudes have a great affect on their consciousness and ability to learn. The high positive attitudes toward a certain strategy would results in creating effective learning process (Büyükyazi, 2010:1). The current study aims at investigating the students’ attitudes toward using the semantic translation strategy in English learning. The researcher chose a sample of thirty-five males and females’ students from English Department of Misan University as participants. To fulfill the goals of the study, a questionnaire was used. The outcome of the study reveals that the participants in the study have a positive attitude toward using the semantic Translation strategy to learn language skills. Based on the results of the analysis, the participants used semantic translation as a learning strategy to produce, comprehend and remember English. Furthermore, it has also been found that students rely steadily upon semantics translation in the process of learning and acquiring English as a foreign language

This research delves into the complexities of cross-cultural communication, emphasizing the crucial role of pragmatics, particularly speech acts, in facilitating effective intercultural interactions. In an increasingly globalized world, understanding the nuances of communication across different cultures is essential. The study conducts a comparative analysis of speech acts—such as requests, apologies, compliments, and directives—across American and British cultural contexts, examining how cultural norms, values, and linguistic conventions shape their expression and interpretation. By employing qualitative and quantitative methods, including discourse analysis and surveys, the research aims to uncover the significant impact of pragmatics on cross-cultural communication. It highlights potential misunderstandings and misinterpretations while proposing strategies to enhance intercultural communication competence. The study draws on speeches by Martin Luther King Jr. and Winston Churchill to illustrate different communication styles shaped by cultural contexts, with King's emotionally charged rhetoric reflecting American values and Churchill's firm tone embodying British pragmatism. These findings underscore the importance of understanding cultural differences in communication patterns to improve cross-cultural interactions. The research offers valuable insights and recommendations for individuals, organizations, and policymakers seeking to navigate the complexities of global communication effectively, ultimately contributing to greater harmony and understanding in an interconnected world

The research aims to know the effect of using simulation interactive Phet on achievement and retention in science for sixth grade primary school students, The researcher used the experimental research method and the experimental design with two independent equal groups, The research was limited to a sample chosen intentionally from sixth grade primary school students, numbering (46) students. The researcher randomly chose Section (A) to be the experimental group and Section (B) to be the control group, with (23) students in each group, The research experiment was conducted by teaching science to the experimental group according to the simulation interactive Phet and to the control group according to the usual method. After the experiment ended, the achievement test prepared by the researcher, which consisted of (30) paragraphs, was applied to the research sample, After two weeks, it was reapplied to the sample to measure retention in science, The data from the two tests were collected and statistical analysis was conducted. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference at a significance level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group and the average scores of the control group in the achievement test, in favor of the experimental group, There was also a statistically significant difference at a significance level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group and the average scores of the control group in the retention test in science, in favor of the experimental group, In light of the results, the researcher recommended adopting the simulation interactive Phet as a Modern Teaching Strategy, and at the end of the research, suggestions for future research were presented