Journal of the College of Education for Women

The current paper aims to identify: - 1- Mother's challenges in achieving digital
security for primary school children in the light of the information revolution 2-
Are there statistically significant differences on the digital security scale
according to the mother's educational attainment variable (elementary -
intermediate - preparatory - bachelor's degree and above)? 3- Are there
statistically significant differences on the digital security scale according to the
mother's age variable (26-30, 31-35, 36-40, 41-45)? The research sample
included (633) mothers of primary school children in Baghdad Governorate,
who were selected randomly from the schools of the six directorates. The
researchers constructed a scale consisting of (30) paragraphs distributed equally
over the three areas: the first area (the mother's challenges in protecting the child
from the risks of displayed digital content), the second area (the mother's
concerns in protecting the child from the risks of connecting to the Internet), and
the third area (the mother's challenges in protecting the child from the risks of
bad behavior). The psychometric properties of the questionnaire (distinction,
validity, reliability) were extracted. The results showed that the mother faces
challenges in protecting the child to an above-average degree, and that the risks
of connecting to the Internet were the most challenging, then the risks of
displayed digital content, then the risks of bad behavior. There are no
statistically significant differences according to the mother's educational
attainment variable, and the mother's age variable.

This study aims to identify the most prominent academic problems facing female
students in the theoretical faculties at King Abdul Aziz University and to know
their results and ways to address them. The descriptive method was used, and
the study sample consisted of (277) female theoretical college students from the
following levels (third - fourth - fifth - sixth) at King Abdulaziz University, and
they were randomly chosen. A list of academic problems questionnaire for
university students prepared by Barzawi (2017) was applied. The results of the
study showed that the problems related to the student's relationship with
professors rank first, followed by studying materials, exams, academic advising,
then the student's relationship with the university's surroundings, and lastly
studying skills. The importance of this study and its findings is evident in
helping decision makers in the academic field to assist facilitating the
educational process for female students by increasing their awareness of these
problems and ways to overcome them.

Drought is a significant challenge faced by Iraq and many countries around the
world. Insufficient rainfall over extended periods can have adverse effects on
agriculture, water resources, and the environment in general. This research aims
to utilize the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and analyze long-term
rainfall data to provide a comprehensive overview of rainfall conditions and
drought classification in different regions of Iraq. The study encompasses (10)
climatic stations distributed across Iraq, representing various regions, including
Sulaymaniyah, Mosul, Kirkuk, Baghdad, Karbala, Rutbah, Khanaqin,
Samawah, Hayy, and Basra. The data covers a 30-year period from 1989 to
2019, based on data availability.
This study aims to provide valuable information that contributes to water
resource management decisions and adaptation to drought conditions.
Additionally, the research will enhance our understanding of climate change and
its impact on rainfall patterns in the region, helping direct efforts to address
drought-related challenges and improve the sustainability of natural resources in
Iraq.

The research dealt with the personality of the scholar Al-Juwayni and his
prominent role in enriching the scientific movement in Nishapur with various
knowledge and sciences that he acquired in his life journey in education. He
grew up in a well-known scientific family and received his education from
famous scholars of his time. He had an effective role in the development of
the scientific movement and its prosperity in the city due to his possession of
various sciences in addition to the modern teaching methods that he followed
in his teaching such as reading, discussion, and others. In addition to
providing the Arab library with his various works in various types of sciences,
including transmitted sciences such as jurisprudence, the principles of
religion, and interpretation. The scholar was the focus of attention of students
of knowledge and learning from all over the country, as they used to go to
Nishapur in order to draw from his knowledge due to his wide fame in the
Arab Islamic state in addition to his teaching methods.

The countries of the Maghreb were characterized by a set of economic,
geographical and political characteristics, which qualified them and raised their
status, until they made them the focus of the ambitions of the great powers that
sought to control them and dominate the countries of the Mediterranean basin
during classical times.
Therefore, the Roman authority took it upon itself to fight the fierce Punic Wars,
which cost it many losses, until it achieved victory by seizing the capital,
Carthage, in 146 BC. Thus, the Maghreb country was transformed into a state
(colony) subordinate to Roman rule, to implement their strategic projects in
Settlement and investment, by benefiting from the country’s bounties in
acquiring wheat grains, olive oil, and the fruits of vines, figs, and pomegranates,
in addition to animal and mineral crops, by controlling vital lands and owning
them to wealthy Roman immigrants. Also deporting and employing elements
that arouse the concern of the Roman authority, by encouraging them to
immigrate and settle in the Maghreb, and the suspicious effects that this had on
destabilizing the situation. The demographics of the population, with the
stability of the Roman element and the spread of their culture and customs,
replaced the local Punic origins, culture and customs.

Studies in literary criticism that interpret Julian Barnes’ The Sense of an Ending,
raise questions about validity and formation of memory, history and individual
identity. The study shows how Barnes exploits present-day writing styles such as
the unreliable narrator, non-linear storytelling and meta-fiction to raise a question
about the reliability of the memory. Through exploring the protagonist Tony
Webster\\\\'s inner quest and his agony of recalling the past, researchers disclose a
hidden message that the novel conveys the idea. The results disclose Barens’ project
on this common characteristic of postmodern fiction where reality is constructed,
the fracture of the self and the failure of the great traditions. This research suggests
that The Sense of an Ending reflects our postmodern conduction, the human
inclination to uncertainty through (are history and memory genres?)

The goal of the study is to find out the effect of the visual thinking strategies (VTS)
upon the college students` achievement in English language communication skills.
To achieve the aim of the study, the experimental posttest design is used. The
sample is represented by (70) second stage learners at English Department at the
College of Education. They were randomly chosen and divided into two groups: the
experimental and control groups (35) students in each group. To achieve the aim of
the study, an achievement test for communication skills has constructed and
distributed to the sample of the study. The researcher has exposed the experimental
group to the VTS, while the control group has taught the conventional way. The
results show that VTS learners' scores on the posttest were statistically significant
to the development in students ` achievement and in vocabulary and speaking skills.
Drawing the conclusion, recommendations and suggestions for further studies are
put forward.

The current paper examines the violence in Philip Ridley's Mercury Fur (2005) set
in a futuristic post-apocalyptic world. Through a critical analysis of the text, the
study shows how violence becomes a mechanism for survival and coping with
trauma and how a culture saturated with violence affects the individuals who inhabit
it. The world depicted in Mercury Fur is characterized by a multitude of horrifying
acts, ranging from the slaughtering of animals in zoos to random beheadings and
the abuse of children. The impact of such a world on the mental state of those forced
to endure it is incredibly intricate, resulting in inevitable trauma. Morality becomes
a scarce commodity, elusive and challenging to attain, as it ultimately boils down
to the lengths one is willing to go to ensure the survival and preservation of oneself
and one has cherished loved ones. In a world where torture has become normalized
and the veracity of memory has been distorted beyond recognition, one is compelled
to ponder whether a life fraught with such excruciating agony and suffering is truly
worth living. By analyzing the portrayal of violence in Mercury Fur, this research
contributes to a deeper understanding of the psychological and emotional aftermath
of trauma in a post-apocalyptic context. It emphasizes the significance of Ridley's
play in discussing the complexities of human behavior and the enduring impact of
trauma in extreme circumstances.

The concept "hedging" is one of the most objective characteristics of human's
language which makes language flexible and reliable, then it helps to keep
communication on. The main objective of this paper is to study the use of hedges
tools in political speech. More precisely, the paper aims to answer the following
questions: First, what are the most well-known consulted hedges tools in the speech
of Joe Biden, the president of America, in the interview done by ABC on (19th
/8/2021) retrieved on (1st /10/2023). Second, what are the functions and the
linguistic categories that work as hedging devices in his speech? Third, the reasons
of using hedges devices. The researcher will adopt an eclectic model represented
by Crompton (1997), Salager-Meyer (2000) and Fraser (2010) for grammatical
devices and Prince et al's (1982) model for functional devices. The study reveals
that the most frequently used hedges devices in Joe Biden’s speech are negation
and adaptor devices. The findings suggest that these hedges devices fulfill several
functions as: First, soften speech by revealing some sort of uncertainty; Second,
showing absence of full commitment; Third, looking for aid and believe from the
hearers and showing politeness; and finally, keeping away from face-to-face
negative remarks concerning the discussed topic.

This study explores the connection between environmental degradation and
gender oppression through an ecofeminist perspective, focusing on Lynn
Nottage’s Ruined. It examines how capitalist and patriarchal systems exploit
both women and nature, particularly in the civil war-torn Democratic Republic
of the Congo. Drawing on materialist ecofeminism as defined by Mary Mellor,
the study demonstrates how gender-based power dynamics reflect the
extraction and commodification of natural resources for profit. Nottage\'s
Ruined highlights the intertwining crises of environmental and gender
injustices, with its portrayal of violence against women serving as a metaphor
for broader ecological devastation driven by capitalist interests. The paper
argues that addressing ecological crises requires confronting the systemic
power structures that perpetuate both gender-based violence and environmental
degradation.