TASLEEM JOURNAL

Glorious Quran is a book of persuasion and argumentation that relies on wisdom and proofs. It employs a variety of persuasive methods, such as reasoning, justification, rhetorical questioning, praise and blame, metaphor, and visual representation. Studying these methods is essential to enhance the effectiveness of communication and influence.
This research aims to understand how the persuasion is used in Glorious Quran as a primary tool in conveying messages and influencing individuals. The study analyzes and evaluates the persuasive techniques n Quran.
The findings indicate that Glorious Quran relies on a diverse array of persuasive means to achieve a positive effect on its recipients, highlighting the importance of studying these methods to enhance communication effectiveness and successfully convey the message.

The noble prophetic hadiths are considered the second constitution for Muslims after Glorious Quran. They embody sublime values of Islam, which the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his pure progeny) derived from Quran and the divine teachings to prepare Muslims to rise from their state of ignorance and lead all nations with their good conduct, high ideals, and knowledge of religious issues. The piety of these teachings is intended to lead to the betterment of their worldly affairs.
Thus, the language of the noble hadith holds significant importance in conveying this exalted message. Each context has its own appropriate expression, employing a language that holds simplicity and depth. It leverages the potentials of grammar, morphology, and rhetoric to convey these ideals to Muslims effectively, achieving the educational objectives brought by the pure religion through the noble Messenger, Muhammad, may peace and blessings be upon him and his pure progeny.

Whoever seeks to attain the highest level of eloquence is to draw from the Qur'an, a fact acknowledged by all scholars of Arabic rhetoric. The importance of rhetorical studies lies in understanding the supreme linguistic model, that is the Qur'an itself, the source from which the nation derives its linguistic and rhetorical wealth.
This influence is clearly evident in the words of the Ahlalbayt (peace be upon them). It is to observe how the meanings and concepts of Glorious Quran dominate their speech. They did not merely adopt its meanings but also mirrored its rhetorical styles: antithesis, punning, imperative and interrogative modes, and other figure of speech.
In their supplications, they reflect meanings of protection and seeking refuge in Allah Almighty. Through this, one senses a call to Him and considers the Quran as the guiding principle in human life. Among the virtuous Imams, the imam al-Hadi is to be in focus and was deeply knowledgeable in all Islamic sciences and disciplines. He was a jurist, an imam, a scholar, and a devout worshipper. Upon examining his words, it is found that his eloquent speech follows the path of clear and beautiful expression, the words in his supplications and wise sayings captivate and appeal, the meanings reach the heart faster than words reach the ear.
He employed rhetorical techniques that could not be overlooked in their ability to arouse emotion. This research, ‘Dominant Themes and Rhetorical Formations of Qur'anic Thought in the Sayings of Imam al-Hadi (Peace be upon Him),' explores how the meanings and rhetorical styles of the Qur'an are embedded in his supplications and teachings. He incorporated Qur'anic verses either through direct quotation or paraphrasing, imitating them in calling for righteous action, supplication, and gratitude to Allah Almighty for His blessings.

This research aims to analyze and study selected texts rhetorically through various examples from the sayings of Imam al-Hassan al-‘Askari (peace be upon him). The first section serves as a theoretical foundation for the concepts of the research, while the second section is practical to examine each a saying, seeking to uncover the beauty and eloquence in these noble statements and timeless wisdom.
The research employs a descriptive analytical approach, exploring the primary meanings of the sayings and then attempting to uncover their deeper meanings to reconstruct the text in accordance with rhetorical arts that align with their sacred meanings.

This study focuses on the figurative language in the sayings of Imam al-Hujjah (p.b.u.h.) and showcases various expressive methods to convince the audience of his intended message, persuade them to believe and accept it, or to turn them away from their current views. Moreover, it seeks to gain their acknowledgment of the correctness of his claims and the truthfulness of his opinions, while refuting false ideas and rectifying misconceptions in beliefs and behaviours.
The study aims to explore the persuasive techniques in his sayings, which were imbued with a communicative and persuasive tone, and to highlight their impact on meaning construction. The figurative language in his speeches is marked with structural and stylistic elements of clarity. He sought to persuade the audience through methods that appealed to both their emotional and rational sides—stirring their feelings and emotions on one hand, while prompting them to engage their intellect, reflection, and contemplation on the other. It emphasizes the influential function of language and demonstrates the eloquence of his style, excellence of expression, and his ability to delve into the depths of matters and uncover their true essence.
It adopts a descriptive-analytical and discursive methodology to identify those techniques in the sayings of the Imam, their types, implications, and effects on the audience at both emotional and rational levels. It also aims to exposes the artistic and rhetorical linguistic techniques and to allow a comprehensive understanding of the significance, value, implications of his words, the intricacies of their structure and discursive style.
The study falls into an introduction and two main sections. The first section provides a conceptual and theoretical overview of discourse and its persuasive techniques; strategies and objectives, a brief account of his noble biography. The second section offers an applied approach to the techniques and includes three principal themes.

This study aims to elucidate the Arabic rhetorical perspective of Abu Muhammed Al-Qasim Al-Sijilmasi (Died circa 730 A.H.) In his book "Al-Manza' al-Badī' fi Tajnis Asālib al-Badī'" which is considered one of the foundational works of Arabic rhetoric. This book offers a new perspective on Arabic rhetorical composition in the Islamic West. He reorganized the terminological framework of Arabic rhetoric and the conceptual boundaries of rhetorical terminology, significantly contributing to the enrichment of the Arabic rhetorical perspective.
His rhetorical efforts were guided by a philosophical theoretical background, evident in his classification of rhetorical styles and the reformulation of definitions for the foundational concepts. He began with the duality of genus and species and drew from the rich Arabic linguistic heritage that encompasses all Arabic sciences. These backgrounds contributed to the establishment of a new rhetorical perspective, leading to the emergence of a new rhetorical Arabic school in the context of ancient Arabic rhetoric. He was a prominent figure among its founders, with other rhetoricians who shared similar perspectives. This contributed to the richness of this Arabic science, resulting from the interaction with Arabic rhetoric that has a literary and miraculous inclination rooted in the Quran, and Western rhetoric that possesses a philosophical and logical inclination deeply connected to argumentation.

Relationship that ties literary text to reader is based on a semiotic experience to generate the meaning for the text. However, the meaning that can be generated by the reader is beyond prediction. As much as the readers are diverse, the time and context of interpretation are variable. Furthermore, the text itself is subject to change. But if we believe that the reader could generate their own meaning from the text, does this mean that the reader is free in the process of interpretation? If we acknowledge the freedom of interpretation, what can we say about the possibility of generating meaning based on chaotic interpretation, which would then set the meaning unacceptable?
Here, we sense the need to organize the semiotic experience so that the multiple meanings of a single text are structured and acceptable. The multiplicity of interpretations imposed by the circumstances surrounding the semiotic experience is inevitable. With a close examination, accepting this fact preserves the right of the reader to hold onto a meaning they believe to be correct. Moreover, accepting the idea of a singular meaning for the literary text would only promote cultural decline and suppress the desire to diversify and renew thinking.
A question to be stirred here is: How could we organize the semiotic experience, the reader engages in with the literary text? This question is linked to two concepts: order and chaos. These two concepts refer us to the field of cultural semiotics, which takes culture as its subject of study and, at the same time, as a reference for interpretation and its organization. Cultural semiotics is shaped by figures such as Yuri Lotman, Boris Uspensky, Umberto Eco, and Clifford Geertz.
Encyclopaedia, as a tool proposed by Umberto Eco to organize the semiotic experience, could only function as a source of interpretive rules. When Eco speaks about the encyclopaedia, he refers to the culture that organizes behaviour and thought in society. If we acknowledge the role of culture in organizing the semiotic experience, how does culture fulfil this role? Are there mechanisms that collaborate with it in performing this role?

Contemporary Arabic novels, particularly Algerian ones, demonstrate a notable propensity for incorporating diverse literary genres and other forms of artistic expression. This characteristic has rendered them conducive to the cross-pollination and interaction of various genres and arts.
This study aims to investigate the phenomenon of genre interference in the Algerian novels of Waciny Laredj. His narrative oeuvre is characterised by its receptiveness to various literary and non-literary genres: arts, sciences, and diverse forms of knowledge and discourse. Consequently, his texts transcend the boundaries of traditional literary genres.
The study seeks to elucidate the relationship between the novel and other literary genres and arts, and their manifestations in addressing the primary research question: What forms does the interference of literary genres assume in the novels of Waciny Laredj? To address this inquiry, we will first examine contemporary critical studies that have explored the phenomenon of genre blending.