Journal of the College of Education for Women

This research aims to shed light on some phonetic linguistic terms used in the Arabic phonetic lesson for the purpose of monitoring, analyzing and tracking its developments. Such a step helps to standardize and weigh between them. The study follows a descriptive-analytical approach; it surveys the problem of the phonetic linguistic term, and its linguistic exactness. Then, it examines some phonetic terms in the Arabic phonetic lesson, such as phonetics and phonology; intensity, looseness and mediation; the production, articulatory, transition, position, and the two vocal chords. One of the most prominent conclusions of the study is that the phonetic linguistic terminology enjoyed a tangible development since its infancy, given that phonetics was in the process of emerging and did not reach maturity. Besides, the auditory impression and the western borrowing have a major role in the diversity of the phonetic linguistic terminologies. This is because the multiplicity issue of the linguistic term in general and the phonetic term in particular in Arabic linguistic studies has become one of the problems that Arab researchers suffer from. It has become a source of hesitation whether to choose a given phonetic term or another. This further reflects being unsettled or the lack of agreement on the standards and foundations of the use and translation of the phonetic term. More so, most of the sources on which the research relied on are translated sources that basically reflect the problems of confusion, ambiguity and inaccuracy in the meaning of the term.

A literary text is not void of the use of the ego and the other while speaking or in a spoken communication. Such a usage is apparently outstanding in Arabic literature, and it reflects society in all its various cultural, social and political conditions. Therefore, the ego is one of the prominent concepts on which human personality is built, and its role in the formation of society and in communicating among all human societies. Accordingly, the present paper aims to clarify the duality of the ego and the other, where the ego starts from the poet himself to expand the circle of subjectivity by including his family, society, immediate surroundings, race and his religion. The other, on the other hand, that is separated from the poet, represents the family, tribe, gender and religion. All such references are found in Lenora’s personality. The latter differed from the poet with respect to his family, tribe, sex, and religion. Thus, the significance of the study lies in finding the link between this duality. The study has concluded that highlighting the ego to the other side, and to the poet’s personality was reflected in his poetic production by highlighting the ego even when talking about the other. Such a feature characterizes the king, who has the authority. The study has further concluded that Joseph's love for Lenora constitutes a qualitative step and a new trend of the flirting art in Andalusia, creating as a result a new civilized atmosphere, expressing the spirit of the new civilized life. Accordingly, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach to reveal the role of ego alongside the other (Linora) while studying and analyzing the data. The study has finally concluded that the ego and the other are dual in the poetry of Linora where imagination participates in the formation of an image. Besides, the Poet, Joseph III has drawn the ego to express what he was aware of in terms of feelings, sense and sincerity in expressing and influencing the listener or the recipient, highlighting the active ego linguistically, drawing its image, and demonstrating the way the ego possesses a self-referral that cannot be escaped from.

This study deals with examining UCAS students’ attitudes in Gaza towards learning Arabic grammar online during the Corona pandemic. The researcher has adopted a descriptive approach and used a questionnaire as a tool for data collection. The results of the study have statistically shown significant differences at the level of "0.01" between the average scores of students in favor of the students of the humanities specializations. It has also been found that the students’ attitudes at the Department of Humanities and Media towards learning Arabic grammar online are positive. Additionally, the results revealed no statistical significant differences due to the variable of UCAS students’ scientific qualifications. The results stressed that university students urgently need to learn Arabic grammar to avoid mistakes during their speeches, and to improve their writings. The study has finally presented as a conclusion a set of recommendations related to the importance of teaching Arabic grammar in the university colleges, academic institutions, and in the different stages of education. It has further enhanced confidence in learning the Arabic grammar, and having pride in it. Such a conclusion helps preserve the Noble Qur’an and the Arabic language and its entity, work to spread it by all available means, pay attention to Arabic grammar, teach it and learn it, work to disseminate it by all available means, and support all efforts made in this direction locally, Arab and Islamic.

The current research aims to examine the effect of the rapid learning method in developing creative thinking among second-grade female students in the subject of history. Thus, the researcher has adopted an experimental design of two groups to suit the nature of the research. The sample of the study consists of (36) randomly selected students from Al-Shafaq Secondary School for Women, which are divided randomly into two groups. The first group represents the experimental; it includes (31) students who studied the subject of history using the quick learning method. The second group, on the other hand, is the control group, which consists of (32) students, who studied the same subject using the traditional way. Before starting with the experiment, the researcher was keen to ensure that the students of the two research groups are statistically equal in a number of variables that are believed to have an effect on the safety of the experiment. Such variables involve: (the chronological age of the students calculated in months, intelligence, a pre-test for creative thinking, the academic level of the parents). To achieve the objective of the study, the researcher must use Tor Anas’ test that was Arabized by Sayed Khairallah to measure the creative thinking, and employ it for the contents of the Arab-Islamic history book. Accordingly, the researcher constructed (10) testing items for each of the following skills (fluency, flexibility, originality, and sensitivity to problems) to have a total of (40) items. Moreover, the performance of the students has been evaluated by identifying and treating their weak points to improve their level of knowledge, meeting as a result the already set objective and employing the students’ mental energies in creating a motivating atmosphere for creative thinking. The study has finally concluded that the quick learning strategy requires more effort and skill on the part of the teacher than when using the usual methods of teaching. It has further made the students more motivated, more willing to participate in the history lessons, and this has thus developed their creative thinking.

This study aims to explore the relationship between the degree of application of digital leadership and the development of administrative work at the University of Tabuk. It further aims to examine the presence of statistically significant differences between the average responses of faculty members and employees at the University of Tabuk regarding the study axes that are attributed to the following variables: (scientific rank, gender, and job), the study used the descriptive approach in its correlative style, and the questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection, as it was applied to a simple random of (310) members of the faculty and staff in the University of Tabuk. The results showed that the degree of digital leadership application at the University of Tabuk is medium, and that the degree of approval of the reality of administrative work at the University of Tabuk is medium. A statistic between the response averages of the study sample members according to the degree variable (assistant professor, associate professor, and professor) in the axes of digital leadership and administrative work at the significance level of 0.05 and 0.01. In favor of an assistant professor, as well as the presence of statistically significant differences in the gender variable for the axes of the study, digital leadership and the development of administrative work, and the absence of statistically significant differences between the responses of the study sample members according to the job variable, for the axes of the study, digital leadership, and the development of administrative work.

The current research aims to reveal the reality of coping the scientific research in Omani universities in the Sultanate of Oman with the requirements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in the light of Oman’s 2040 vision. It also aims to derive some suggestions to develop the scientific research in these institutions. The study has adopted a qualitative approach in which interviews were conducted. The sample consisted of (16) leaders of governmental and private higher education institutions, as well as some experts in the field of Fourth Industrial Revolution. The theoretical significance of the study is represented by its response to Oman’s vison in 2040. It is further in line with the previous international reports and educational studies suggestions and recommendations, which accentuated the importance of higher education institutions to be ready for the fourth industrial revolution. Its practical significance is represented by its contributions in directing the authority people in the higher education institutions to improve the efforts exerted in the scientific research. Such a step helps to meet the requirements of the fourth industrial revolution and disseminate the importance of be aware of the importance of the fourth industrial revolution and meet its requirements. The study has concluded that the majority of the sample’s opinions (i.e., 69%) regarding the degree of the scientific research to cope with the fourth industrial revolution and Oman’s vision was good. On the contrary, (31%) of the opinions has considered the level of the efforts exerted by the higher education institutions on the scientific research to cope with the fourth industrial revolution limited and weak. Finally, the study has recommended adopting a number of suggested procedures that helps develop the scientific research. Such procedures are represented by shedding light on the skills and international cooperation, activating the international cooperation and community partnerships and improving the styles of teaching and learning.

Husbands’ violence towards their wives is one of the greatly important issues in social sciences. Accordingly, the current study aims at determining the levels of violence practiced by husbands towards their wives to propose a professional program from the perspective of the general practice of social work to overcome such a phenomenon. The study is descriptive in nature, where the researcher has used a comprehensive social survey method. To achieve the goal of the study, the researcher has prepared a questionnaire that consisted of two parts. The first part contains the primary data of the two sections, and the second contains (38) phrases distributed over four axes to measure the levels and types of violence among the sample’s members. The study has been conducted in the Safety House to Care for Abused Women in Gaza. The study’s sample amounted to (26) battered women. The results have revealed that the level of psychological violence is the most prevalent (81.3%), then comes physical violence (68.6%), then social (68%), and finally, comes economic violence (66.6%). The Study concluded that there are statistically significant differences between the level of violence practiced by husbands towards their wives in the Safety House for the care of battered women according to the variables of wife's educational status, and number of children. In light of these results, the study has concluded a proposed program from the perspective of general public practice to overcome husbands' violence against their wives.

Recently, women's rape has been a pervasive
problem in the Iraqi society. Thus, it has become necessary
to consider the role of language and its influence on the
common beliefs and opinions about rape in the Iraqi
society. Thus, taking into consideration the critical role of
language and its impact on the perception of human reality
and the social development based on people's beliefs and
principles of life has become highly indispensable.
Therefore. The aim of this article is to address this problem
critically from legislation and social norms in NGOs'
reports (2015; 2019) with reference to some provisions
from the Iraqi Panel Code (1969; 2010). Therefore, the
researchers examine the discursive strategies and
ideological viewpoints in the selected data through the
employment of critical discourse analysis. Specifically, the
researchers have adopted van Dijk's (2011) socio-cognitive
approach and van Dijk's (2000) ideological model to show
how language produces and reproduces domination and
abuse of power, engendering as a result injustice and
inequality. The study has concluded that the NGOs' reports
are written in a language that reflects the attitudes and
opinions which might be shared among group members.
These reports rely heavily on the linguistic device that is of
evidentiality to assure the credibility of giving evidence
about the domination of social norms in relation to
women's rape. More importantly, the dichotomy of positive
and negative representation is highly adopted as an
ideological strategy, showing the conflict between the
legislation and social norms. Therefore, the study has
recommended that the government in its legal institutions
should provide provisions to protect the raped women from
society and from their families.

The present paper is a qualitative descriptive study.
It aims to examine the macro-cultural schemata addressing
the concept of violence against women in Iraq from a
cognitive linguistic point of view. To meet this objective, a
number of Iraqi social caricatures have been selected from
two popular and active Iraqi caricaturists, Odeh Al-
Fahdawi and Nasser Ibrahim. The selection and the
analysis of data have been achieved following the validity
and reliability procedures and the ethical considerations.
To meet this objective, Sharifian’s Model (2011) of
Cultural Schemata has been adopted in data analysis. The
study has concluded that the macro-cultural schemata
regarding the concept of violence in the selected panels
reveals that violence against women does exist in the Iraqi
society, and that woman and children are the major victims
of that phenomenon. Moreover, the major cause of such a
phenomenon is due to the patriarchal nature of the society
that leads to have an unbalanced power between the two
parties man vs. woman/children; in addition to other
reasons related to the unfair social traditions and customs.
The mismatch in power has been conceptualized creatively
and differently by these two caricaturists. Speaking from
the cognitive linguistic point of view, the researchers have
also found that the panels are symbolic rather than iconic,
as they involve culture-proper figures. Finally, both
caricaturists invested the conceptual metaphors and
figurative devices when depicting the concept of violence
against women; that is, the concept of violence against
women is universal in their panels; however, the way it is
depicted is subjective and cultural-proper at the micro-cultural
level.

Many cinematic adaptations were produced for
the Grimms’ “Little Snow-White” (1812) including Mirror
Mirror movie (2012), the contemporary version adapted by
Taresm Singh. Singh’s version was able to depict the
modern reality of women and went against patriarchy by
embracing feminist ideologies of the fourth-wave
feminism. Therefore, he challenged the ideologies of the
mainstream cinema dominated by the patriarchal élite’s
capitalist mode of production that still adhere to the
stereotyped patriarchal image of women’s ‘victimization,’
‘objectification’ and ‘marginalization,’ which did not
represent women’s modern reality anymore. This paper,
however, is a qualitative study aimed to prove that the
feminist ideologies could only be retained after a cultural
transformation process from the patriarchal élite culture to
the popular culture of mass media after the World War II,
which noticeably affected women’s image in the cinema.
And thus, this paper is an analytical study of Mirror
Mirror that used the analytical textual and production
approaches to popular culture along with the Marxist and
feminist film theories to unfold the feminist ideologies
prevailed in the movie. The study has concluded that the
cultural transformation from the patriarchy into the popular
culture of mass media led to the emergence of countercinema
or cinefeminism that encouraged the reversing of
the traditional gender roles in cinema. It has also shown
that class conflict and economic power caused by the
cultural transformation helped in redefining women’s role
and place in society. Thereby maintaining the feminist
ideologies of the fourth-wave’s ‘women’s empowerment’
positively affected women and girls to reflect their modern
reality.