Adab AL Rafidayn

Crime is a dangerous phenomenon that no society is spared from, regardless of the degree of its development, and its effects vary according to its type. Crimes against persons leave a dangerous impact on society because they often lead to the loss of life, and are followed in importance by crimes against money because it means the dispossession of others' money without any effort. The phenomenon of crime has received the attention of scholars in the social sciences, including forensic sciences, and from that attention is what was focused on searching for the causes of crime and this research in which the scholars differed greatly, some of them attributing the causes to “biological factors” and others responding to them for psychological reasons and some of them for social reasons, some of them combined These factors combined, and yet the scholars did not arrive at a definitive explanation regarding the causes of the crime, and if there was lack of agreement in the interpretations leading to the crime in general, then there is another disagreement between scholars and specialists focused on disagreement on the interpretation of theft crimes, so if we say that poverty is the cause of theft Then, we find that there are good poor, and there are on the other hand the rich, but they are peculiar or thieves ... Therefore, this research came to contribute or aim to solve the problem of interpretation of theft crimes by explaining the reasons Those crimes with the concepts of "negligence" and "circular attrition", and in order to reach this goal, we have adopted a gradual presentation of the vocabulary of this first three research and described it as the methodological framework for research and its concepts.
As for the second, we dealt with the previous interpretations of the theft crimes, while in the third vocabulary we presented the two ideas of negligence and circular attrition that we reached to explain the causes of the theft crimes. This research included a conclusion in which we presented the most important findings and recommendations, as well as including it on the list of sources that help in achieving it .

The present paper aims at studying coherence in Modern Arabic poetry. It hypothesizes that coherence in poetry is realized differently by readers depending on their linguistic and world knowledge as well as their acquaintance with the generic conventions and constraints governing poetic writing. It also stresses the importance of the context of the poern and the knowledge of the poet's name as well as his other works in building coherence in a given poem.

In Aspects of the Novel, Forster says that the novel should be an aesthetic whole combining form and value and having a story as its backbone in this self-contained structure there must be an internal harmony which needs the adjustmentof characters to one another and adapting them to the story, the plot, the atmosphere of the novel and so on.
The novelist in trying to give a sense of invetability, resorts to plot. It is a narrative of events in which the emphasis falls upon causality and which is the novel in its logical intellectual aspects. Meanwhile, the writer wishes to have everything in the novel founded on human nature, in other words founded on the character's will. The difficulty facing the novelist here is the way of achieving both the sense of inveitability and the human nature. This according to Forsster, can be done successfully when an incident springs out of the character and having occurred a;ters character, and having occurred alters character to connect people and events closely.
It has been rightly noted by Lord David Cecil that "not character or probability, but the thesis Forster wishes to expound determines the main lines of his plot's structure", This is to an extent true since most of the characters, especially his herces, cannot be categorized as round or flat. Ansell in The Longest Journey Ruth Wilcox in Howards End and Mrs. Moor in A Passage to India serve as examples. They are memorable for a grouping of qualites not for a dimension, or, as Mr. James McConkey says "they have been constructed to represent a portion of Forster's own insight, to suggest a portion of that vision which the novel as a whole represents".
Another point concerning character and from is that Forster shifts viewpoint from character to another and from character to his own postion. This method serves, as he affirms to bounce the reader into accepting what he says. This method also results in making Forster's voice quite clear element in the novel's form. As far as the story is concerned, Forster says in Aspects of the Novel, that voice 'transforms us fron readers into listeners to whom a voice speaks." Such a voice assumes the dimension of a major character in all Forster's nivels we are aware of it as we are aware of Margaret Schiegel and Fielding.
Such richness of elements and possibilities Forster sees for the novel makes him stand against rigid pattern. "Pattern" he says. "spring mainly out of the pict and characters and all else in the novel contribute to it." The rigid pattern cannot cope with the richness of the material that life provides

The family occupies a prominent position in social thinking in general and in the field of social service in particular. This spring that visits the community with its new members is enough to make development and change efforts a waste if it is exposed to one | Of the social or economic ills that impede the performance of basic family functions.
The first years of an individual's life have a decisive effect on the formation of his personality, and these years he spends within the confines of the family, from which he absorbs the nectar of the society's culture, values, habits and behaviors. It is on this individual, through him, and for him that development efforts depend.
Therefore, the programs have been designed to assist the family to adapt to emergency conditions, support them and help them to carry out their duties, within the framework of larger programs of an investment nature that invest the individual and his efforts to gain a better, stronger and more confident society.
The efforts in this field are varied, including the subject of our research, which is the family welfare salary as a cash assistance that the family receives to help it meet its needs and help it to carry out its jobs. The Iraqi Social Welfare Law has regulated this salary, but due to the great change that has occurred in recent years, the need to ask about its effectiveness has emerged This salary in a family life has no income or low income ... So this was the research.

Finding an appropriate translation equivalent has been regarded a central question for the theories and practices of translation. In principle, the main task of the translator is to produce the most appropriate equivalent of the source text (ST) in the traget text (TT). Translation equivalence- the main goal of the translator-is attained via transmission of content and intended effect as well from (ST) to (TT).

During the Crusades era, the Levant witnessed a wide-ranging scientific and cultural renaissance in terms of the quality of science, the nature of literature, the activity of scholars, and the work of educational institutions. The rulers of the region, including Zinkists, Ayyubids and others, made great material and moral efforts to support and develop scientific activity, and they allocated money generously to be spent on Scientists and science institutions, which left its positive effects on a mosque, entertained the science movement and its development and pushed it to the pores, especially Sharia sciences, because it is the basis of the Islamic belief, and a strong catalyst towards defending religion and the homeland to stand up to external challenges. It must be said that this stage is in addition to being a stage of creativity, innovation and addition It can be considered as the stage of the resurgence of many aspects of the Arab and Islamic scientific heritage, as scholars have worked as hard as they can to revive many different scientific literature through explanation, commentary, abbreviation, and other forms of scientific activity.
We should not fail to mention that the region, by virtue of its geographical location, formed a link and a place for Muslim scholars from the east and west of the earth, which opened the doors on its doors to scholars to benefit from each other and dealt with various aspects of knowledge through study, analysis and exchange of views with complete freedom away from fanaticism and sensitivity, so it became the Levant at that time. A free platform for knowledge and knowledge, the nation’s scholars of different nationalities, languages ​​and colors were above it, in order to provide what they have to serve the great goals that they all believed in.
Among those scholars who had the honor of contributing to the renaissance of the nation, glorifying its affairs, and building its civilization, the scholar Muwafaq al-Din al-Maqdisi, whom we will study and research in the light of what we received from information about his personality and various scientific contributions, hoping for God’s success in what they sought.

Negation is a Linguistic Phenomenon which means a denial having the sense of contradiction . It can be explicitly expressed by using devices such as : not , never, none , Seldom, hardly ,

The aim of the present paper is twofold. First, it attempts to give a descriptive list of Arabic assertive verbs A J " so as to show how the set of assertive illocutionary forces is lexicalized in the Arabic vocabulary. Second, it tries to show the relations of comparative strength between the Arabic assertive illocutionary forces.correctly ordered so as to predict the actual illocutionary entailments between assertive speech act verbs.

The research aims to find out what was presented of unitary projects during the decades of the forties and fifties, and to inquire about the position of Iraqi MPs on these unitary projects, which were presented by successive Iraqi governments during this period to the House of Representatives for discussion and approval. It was necessary to present these unitary projects according to their chronology and position. Representatives from them.
The study dealt with the official Arab unitary projects that were presented to the Arab political arena, by Arab governments, or by some political figures in these governments who were at the political front, as well as the position of the Iraqi MPs, as they are a parliament elected from these projects, which I discussed it in its official session, and the deputies expressed their position on these projects, some of whom supported these projects starting from a point of view that is considered to achieve Arab rapprochement, up to the supreme goal ((Arab unity))

Morphology is defined as " the study of morphemes and their arrangements in forming words" (Nida, 1976:1). Morphemes are the minimum meaningful units. Thus a morpheme is an abstraction just as morpheme is an abstraction. Morph on the other hand, is the particular realization of the morpheme in speecd / writing . If a morpheme has a number of different realizations (Variant forms) we call them allomorphs. Morphemes are divided into free and bound (Allerton and French, 1975:81). The former can be used alone , e.g., kataba and daraba ; the latter cannot be used alone e.g. the last ? alf in qama: Allomorphs , being variant forms of the same morpheme. can be exemplified by ? alya: and ? annu:n in Kita : bayn. and by ?al? alf and ? annu:n in Kita: ba :n, which are allomorphs of the dual morpheme. This variation may be conditioned by syntactic considerations as in the said example , or by phonological considerations as is in the case of the amalgamation of ? alla:m (?idga:m) in the definite article.

An observer of historical studies on the foreign policy of the second Mamluk state (784-953 AH / 1382-1517AD) notes that it was mostly concerned with studying the relations existing between it and the Ottomans, while some thing neglected the study of the Mamluk’s position on political developments in Iraq in the last quarter of the ninth century AH. / The fifteenth century AD and the beginning of the sixteenth century with the knowledge that that period witnessed important political events represented by the collapse of the Qarra Quinlo state with the occupation of Aqquinloo under the leadership of Hasan al-Tawil Iraq, Persia and Azerbaijan, in the year 872 AH / 1467 CE, and that period also witnessed the establishment of the Safavid state and its sweeping the next country Quinlo Including Iraq, during the period (908-914 / 1052-1508AD), the Ottoman Safavid conflict and the defeat of the Safavids in the Battle of Galdiran (920 AH / 1514 AD) and the extension of the Ottoman influence in the aftermath of this battle to the regions of northern Iraq, then the entry of the Levant into the Ottoman cordon following the battle Marj Dabiq in the year 922 AH / 1516 CE.
Hence, the importance of studying the position of the Mamluks towards these developments because their position has a fundamental impact on the nature of the political events that the region witnessed, and the negative consequences that resulted from them at the level of their own interests in the end, and the study was divided into several axes, as follows:
1- The position of the Mamelukes regarding the establishment of the Emirate of Aqin Quinlo in the upper Diyarbakir.
2- The Mamluks and Hassan al-Tawil.
3- The turmoil of conditions in Iraq and the Mamluk attack.
4 - The position of the Mamluks towards the Aqqinlu-Safavid conflict.
5- The Safavid Mamluk relations and the collapse of the Mamluk state.

Economic life, its various activities, and its various problems were the focus of concerns of the Mosul press during the period between the two world wars 1919-18 which was set up for research, and the Mosul press did not leave an aspect of this life without showing some interest towards it, and the issues of workers and professionals (and farmers, the agricultural situation, the tax of brotherhood and monopolistic companies as well as On the modern national industry as a matter of its concerns, it has topped many of its pages This is not strange to the nature of the Mosul community, which has been known for its love of work, its seriousness, perseverance and sincerity in all aspects of life for a long time.

Education in Iraq witnessed a qualitative leap during (1931-18), with the establishment of national rule in it and the elimination of direct British occupation, as knowledge became a separate ministry on September 20, 1991, and it witnessed a change in its policy represented by spreading patriotism and awakening national awareness and loyalty to the Iraqi state, Despite the presence of British advisors in the knowledge circles, including the Mosul area knowledge department, represented by Captain Farrell, head of the knowledge board of the Mosul Brigade, Britain tried to limit education because of its great importance in raising the generation and spreading culture, while it encouraged private education, taking advantage of the existence of The various religious sects in the Mosul district also witnessed the replacement of foreign advisors and faculty with national cadres, which helped in the development of education and the increase in the number of elementary, primary and secondary schools.
The public schools in Mosul have clearly developed, and their numbers and numbers of students joining them increased. The number of Mosul schools did not exceed the fingers of the hand at the beginning of the twenties, while it witnessed a significant increase in the year 18, so the number of boys ’schools inside and outside Mosul was (34) schools, while the number of girls’ schools was (16) schools, in addition to two kindergartens for children. Some of the primary and secondary school students got the first place in Iraq’s schools, and some Mosul schools got the first ranks, as was the case in the general examinations for many years. When he knew about the intelligence and ingenuity of Mosul students, I qualified them to occupy many seats in the scientific missions abroad, especially Beirut.
The Mosul press played a distinct "role" in the cultural revival that Mosul witnessed with the efforts of the Ministry of Education and its schools. For its support to the school administrations, and by following up on its news and its scientific, cultural and sports activities, as well as its editorial articles in which it dealt with issues of education in the Mosul district, and following up on the problems that obstruct and prevent the progress of the educational process despite the simple capabilities available at the time.

The study of hadiths in literature books is of great importance, especially if it relates to a legal ruling, a literary work, or a fine creation, so it must be correct so that the owner of the jurisprudence can base his judgment on it, the owner of the grammar has seen it and the owner of the language his argument. And the owner of literature has what he is above him, because studying the translations of the owners of literature books, getting to know them and knowing their culture from their luxury is what increases our adherence to their books and the ease of taking from them after that. The Qali and the Prophet’s hadith in it we got acquainted with the percentage and some of his travels in seeking knowledge and its sheikhs, and in the second demand we got acquainted with his method for reporting hadiths in his book al-Amali and its tail and anecdotes. We have read them and we found them three principles. We read them and found them to be three principles, and the third requirement we mentioned the objection to in his reference to the hadiths, then the second topic we came up with the hadiths that he included in his previous books mentioned, and we showed the contents of these hadiths and their primary sources that were mentioned in them attributed to their names, the names of their authors and the numbers of their parts and pages, and they reached thirty hadiths, and our purpose was Explanation of these hadiths are authenticated by those who are ill. We have followed a methodology in producing hadiths. From 1-20, then we mention the part number of the Amali, then the page number, then the beginning of the hadith and then its graduation, thus 1/1/30 means the first hadith in the first part of the Book of Amali, the thirty page of the book. The twenty-third of the tail of the hopes on page one hundred forty or / anecdotes / 12 means the twenty-eighth hadith of the anecdotes on the one hundred seventy-third page, then I concluded the discussion with a conclusion
Then two lists with margins and sources, and God I ask that a nation of people benefit from it. He is the best of the Lord and the best of the protector.

After the emergence of the ghazal or love poetry as a conceptual unit independent of the lineage, it is the flirtatious introduction in the poem, one of the few revolutionary developments that is recognized in Arab literary history. And despite the fact that some research has dealt with this literary genre, a number of problems remained to be resolved. Whether the spinning may be generated specifically from kinship, or other poetic patterns must be taken into account, it is still a subject of debate, and there is a difference of views related to the dominant external factors that accelerate its development and contribute to highlighting the new concept of love inherent in it.
Is religion the main factor, or monotheism or the Qur’anic teachings, as confirmed by Muslim jurists in particular? Does it seem convincing to contemplate the economic and social factors, the fragmentation of the Bedouin community, the life of joy and luxury in the cities of Hajj, and the need and poverty of the Hijaz tribes in semi-nomadic conditions.

The Noble Qur’an has its own way of expressing the desired meaning, which made this meaning distinct, accurately expressing what God Almighty wants in his speech to all people, and this meaning can only be evident by careful reflection and careful consideration of the Qur’anic text and revealing its secrets, and showing its miracles in all its aspects. In it from the arts of rhetoric, taking into account the context of speech by analyzing and interpreting what is hidden from it by presenting it to similar texts in the Qur’an in order to reach the intended meaning. There were many in the Qur’an transcription books such treatments in a number of the Holy Qur’an in order to deduce from them the power of the Qur’an expression and its accuracy, highlighting its miracles about what came in the Almighty saying: (Without (Waw) in (They slaughter) and Balaww in the saying of the Most High (((And when Moses said to his people, Remember the grace of God upon you, as He saved you from the family of Pharaoh, they blame you from the misfortune of torment, slaughter your children, and shame your wives, and in that a calamity from your Lord is great)) Balaw in (They slaughter) he said The readers in this regard that the meaning of the waw is that they are touched by torture other than the sacrifice, as if he said: They torment you without slaughtering or slaughtering, and the meaning of deleting it is as an explanation of the traits of torment. And he is as he said, because the first of his words, the Almighty, is to them, and he did not enumerate trials for them in honor in the speech, and the second from Moses’s words that he said this to his people after he told him that he sent him to them with his revelations, so the two places separated in this regard.
The verses that are similar to the word repeated in the agreed and different words prompted scholars to ponder its wisdom and uncover its secrets, so they compiled books about it in a manner that was done by al-Khatib al-Iskafi (d. 420), and that is only because it does not limit the faces of the Qur’an and has no end, as al-Suyuti said: ((Our scholars have singled out contentment) God has compiled them to classify the miracles of the Qur’an, and they have gone through many aspects of his miracles, including Al-Khattabi, Al-Ramani, Al-Zamalekani, Imam Al-Razi, Ibn Saraga, and Judge Abu Bakr Al-Baqlani.

Criticsim is believed to be a literary class uniting art and science since it i.e. criticsim) depends on taste, glance, ability of beauty - sensation, and on the critic's talent and innate preparation for such a hard work.
It is worth mentioning, in this context, that Aristotle's thoughts, regarding sorts of probability a poet presents, are significant in that a poet does not give or reflect facts, as a scientist does. The task of a poet is therefore presenting live examples which leave impact on the moral behaviour. in particular, and on the human behaviour, in general.
This difference between a poet and a scientist - set up Aristotle makes the literary critic deeply perceive that criticism became a sort of art and science, and entails that criticism has to get advantage from the philosophical sciences.
The literary criticism has also benefited from psychology and its theories in dealing with and analysing issues of inspiration and of creation, and in addition - from the theories of aesthetics in studying the technical aspects of any creative work.
It seems then natural that criticism distinguishes the language of poetry and literature from that of science.

The councils of the caliphs were a marketplace in which literature was promoted, chanted and criticized, and the Umayyad interest in poetry and poets was evident and led to the flourishing of literature, so they adopted a high place between the caliphs and the parish, so the poets carried their poems to the role of the caliphate, and they issued them earnestly bags. The era of Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan encouraged literature and its criticism because of the wealth of money and stability of the state. There is no doubt that the role of the Caliph in directing, caring for and encouraging literature is conducive to the benefit of the nation and art alike, and that this guidance is a right of his rights but a duty of his duties, and that what the caliph seeks or the poets seek from him in terms of poetry, its meanings and images encourage that style and those meanings, experiences and images. And his creation is considered a type of poetry or one of its colors and one of his topics, urging literature to follow that approach and say "in those meanings and topics, and the same applies to what he desires of poetry and is rewarded for it. Muawiya’s admiration for Amr ibn Al-Khazraji’s poetry and his chanting verses of the poet In his sitting and saying in it: “I put my legs in the riders more than once on the day of two rows.

Fatherhood and filiation are two sources from the father and the son, such as cousin and brotherhood, and the two parents, the father and the mother to prevail, and the mention of righteousness is often associated with parents and disobedience with children, so they said: Righteousness is with fatherhood and disobedience with filiation, so we did not find parenthood needing to despise the conscience with feelings of tenderness, because the innateness With whom God has created people, she takes care of her parents alone in taking care of the children and sacrificing everything, even the very one.
Affection is deposited with the command of God in the parents, and it is, as one of the Arab poems says:
“The two royals are nothing but the product”, because she missed her mother by death and did not tell her father’s husband how much her mother was.
As for filiation, there is no doubt that there is no doubt that the feelings and conscience are despised because it did not break the nature of parenthood over hunches, love and special compassion. If it were, then the Holy Qur’an would not have been revealed through wills and repeated affirmations ... and the commandment of the young people that are born in the generation going in the stages of life, the generation that nourished it by the sap of life even the state of youth Fate old age, youth and weakness, weak childhood, youth and strength.

Talking about feeling in poetry and building a model from it (from what we talked about in the first section of this study in a previous research) leads to talking about vision. Now the nature of the feeling and the degree of its depth are the nature of the vision and the degree of its depth. In my opinion, the feeling and the vision are almost one thing, for they are like the two sides of the same paper, they are also two and at the same time one thing (the paper) and one of them cannot be separated from the other, then there will be a card at all!
Feeling represents one side of the paper that is more related to feeling, while vision represents the other side that is more related to the mind (one aspect of what I mentioned in the first section of the unity of feeling and thought). And after I was exposed to the formation of the poetic model on the side of feeling in the first section, I would like to delve more into poetic knowledge in this second section by exposing the formation of the poetic model from the other side of the mental, which is vision.

Throughout the first half of our twentieth century, the productions of a large number of poets in Mosul remained neglected. They hardly received little attention at the level of university studies. Thanks to the manifestation of features of the poetry of the Mosul press, but its approach did not allow her to be exposed to abundant poetry preserved by the manuscript and printed circles, and my humble research of (poetry) in Mosul, in the fifth part of the Encyclopedia of Civilization, included very brief general references to this poetry. And since the religious trend (mystical, traditional, reformist and critical) is one of the important directions for poets to continue, his study influenced a substantive study that (as possible) affected the artistic features, by contemplating the examples of a number of his poets, aspiring to document a poetic material that was about to be eroded in the papers of models A number of his poets, aspiring to document a poetic material that was about to erode in old newspaper papers and in the darkness of old cabinets, and I spent collecting the material of Mosulist poetry in the first half of the first century (including the material of this research) for a period that exceeded a quarter of a century (interrupted by pauses and pitfalls) and I do not claim yet For this long period that I have completed collecting the material of this poetry, there are still different groups or poems here or there that I did not reach, or I was not allowed to access them, provided that I prepared what I was able to collect is sufficient for those who want to discern the features of this poetry - thank you who helped me for This gathering seeks an excuse for others, and as I bless the university’s approach to studying a number of poets of the city, I hope that this research will contribute to drawing part of the map of the conductive poetry through a direction that has not been fully researched (as he did not receive from the letter of Dr. Al-Jumaili more than a quick page and a half page) Hoping to be a catalyst To bring a number of poets out of the region of neglect and shadow into the realm of fairness and light, especially poets who were able, through their traditional tools, to achieve a poetic achievement that is good or almost good in the poetry of the Renaissance, and to question the negative common saying about poetry of late ages and I have tried to be (objective) I referred (whenever I could say it) to the features of strength and weakness - the beauty and vulgarity in this poetry. I hope that this research will be a catalyst for a dialogue that complements its shortcomings, and pushes to draw the rest of the map of conductive poetry, to my liking.

Those who find the old Arabic dictionaries find that their owners have called the non-Arabic term when they want it more than one term, so they called it (outsider), (foreign) and (Arab). And in the use of the least term (Rumi), and reference to the original (Hebrew) is scarce, and is completely denied to the original in (Babylonian) or (Assyrian), and this is expected, because the Babylonian and Assyrian languages ​​died in use and codification, and their written texts were not discovered. And solve its symbols, except in the modern era, since the middle of the last century.
The methodological necessity of this research necessitated clarification of the concept of three of the aforementioned terms, namely: (al-Dakhil, al-Ajami and al-Maarab), which, although they appear to be synonymous in their connotations, but there are subtle differences between them. As the intruder is () what entered the Arabic language from foreign vocabulary, whether in that what the eloquent Arabs used in their ignorance and Islam, and what was used by those who came after them from birth, and remained as it is in his original language without change.

He is Muhammad Amin Bey bin Ibrahim Bey bin Yunus Bey bin Yassin al-Hindi, who died from a family to the famous Mufti in Mosul, and the date of his birth is unknown to Dr. Imad Abdul-Salam within the year (1140 AH), so that his contemporary Muhammad Amin al-Omari (d.129 AH) said in his translation: Dr. Imad Abdul Salam said: “If we know that Al-Omari wrote this book within the year (1201 AH), the poet’s birth will be on the date that we specified or close to it, and this date we will recommend it as well.
The poet grew up in the city of Mosul and learned in its schools, then traveled to seek knowledge in several regions, including Baghdad, where it was frequent and transferred to it, due to the presence of his uncle Abdullah bin Fakhr al-Din al-Araji (d.112 AH), the writer of the construction office in Baghdad at the time, and these visits paved the way for him to get acquainted with The people of Baghdad, so he married one of the daughters of her virtue in the year 1184 and stayed there for several years, then he traveled in the year (1112 AH) to Constantinople, and there he was pleased with the beautiful cityscape, describing the buildings, mosques, castles, orchards, and flowers, and finally returning and settling in the city of Mosul in the year 1195 AH. Where he used to spend much of his time in the village of Bashiqa, which in the spring is one of the "super parks and elegant ways of Mosul" and used to transport his children there in the spring and spend his time in general with pleasure and activity.
The Grand Mufti in other sciences other than poetry and issues of literature, Muhammad Amin al-Omari says: “It is a dowry in the science of medicine, and it has useful compilations, good benefits, his treatments are circumscribed, and his calculations are Galenian, and in the sentence there is no parallel in the sciences of medicine and anatomy.” It has the upper hand in medicine, treatment of diseases and drug construction. "
The Mufti is considered one of the most prominent men of his time in poetry and prose, Muhammad Amin al-Omari says: “He has a long tradition in poetry, and a clever look, and his compositions are very nice, and his scatterings are at the end of the circumstance.” Essam al-Din al-Omari says: “He has many systems such as contracts and essence, and from The prose is what tastes like refined sugar, it has proven what is impossible, and to the literate people of Mercury, the jeweler describes it by saying: “And what indicates its bounty and the goodness of its branch and its origin is his money from classifications, including: gold papers in lectures and literature.

The study deals with the contemporary philosopher (Susan Latexer) whose study has focused in particular on the philosophy of art ... In the philosophy of Lanker we glimpse a clear influence of the philosophy of symbolic forms, in her time .. She defines art as “the creation of forms subject to perceptual perceptioan as expressing the image of the conscious The human "thus shows us the relationship between" form and sentiment "and did not make art a mere tool for sensual pleasure, but rather made it a symbolic tool for knowledge ... Art is a symbol and the work of art is a symbolic image. Other arts up to primitive arts.
We do not deny that it begins with the assumption that the symbol is the one that distinguishes a person from the rest of the creatures ... It sees that the symbolic process includes various aspects of human activity, including art, dream, myth, myth, religious rituals, metaphysics and so on ...
As for Lanker's work of art, it is not the form in space, all the space that it produces, creates and gives, and space for Lanker has no form and is completely abstract, it is the basis of all our expressions discovered abstractly in cooperation with our senses.
It is evident from the foregoing that in this study we will address three concepts in the thought of the philosopher Lanker, and these concepts are the “Symbol”, the “Form” and the “Space” .. in an attempt to identify these aspects in her philosophy.

Before entering into the subject of this study, we must clarify some ideas and concepts related to scientific research. The basic thing that we must always know in preparing scientific research is that the study and research are not just a collection of data, information and facts, but the researcher's interpretation of these facts and their meanings and putting them in a logical framework It is useful that will distinguish scientific thinking from others, scientific research requires thought, and hence the thinking that included scientific research is not scientific thinking or critical thinking, and scientific research results in information and data that, after benefiting from them, is knowledge that is used in the development of thought and society, so what is knowledge? How do we get it?
Human knowledge may be sensory, such as the succession of night and day, the rise of the sun and its setting, or it may be a philosophical, contemplative knowledge, which takes off from what the eye can see and what the ear hears and what the hand touches, where a person tries to think and contemplate the causes of values ​​beyond nature about death and life, and about the Creator of existence His attributes and his proof of existence, which is knowledge that cannot be resolved by direct experience or may be empirical knowledge, and it is in which phenomena are interpreted scientifically, by linking phenomena objectively, which is based on the intended systematic observation of phenomena on the basis of developing appropriate hypotheses and verifying them by experiment and collecting data And the scientific knowledge does not stop at the partial vocabulary that a person is subjected to research, but rather the researcher tries to reach the general laws and theories that link these vocabulary to each other and enable him to generalize and predict what happens to different phenomena under certain circumstances, as scientific knowledge is in knowledge that results from an assumption.
In this study, the researcher focused on the role of theory, model and model in scientific research, to clarify and show the extent of their impact on the scientific research movement in the field of library and information science and its future in the Arab world.