Jornal of Al-Muthanna for Agricultural Sciences

This study was conducted during 10/11/2016 to 8/12/2016 to manufacture probiotic yoghurt powder according to stages in the laboratory of microbiology at the Animal Production Department, Collage of Agriculture, University of Basrah. The first stage involved precipitate using the centrifuge to produce yoghurt biomass. In the second stage was conducted to drying process yoghurt biomass. The third was added different levels of dried biomass 4,8 and 12 gm/ kg loading on carrier materials such as lentils, yellow corn and wheat bran. The fourth stage was adding 10 g/ kg cinnamon or vitamins B complexes with all kind of carrier materials above. The last stage was to count total lactic acid bacteria after each stages. The results showed that the wheat bran and yellow corn with vitamins B complex, yellow corn and lentils with cinnamon significantly (p˂0.05) higher lactic acid bacteria count as compared with lentil with vitamin B complex and wheat bran with cinnamon.

Field experiment was carried out at Sora-Imdaina during the seasons of 2017 to study the response of four Sunflower genotypes (Shomos, Aqmar, Tarsan 1018 and Lilo) to different planting dates (1th, 15th and 30th of March 2017) included growth, yield, yield components and quality. Results showed that genotypes were significantly different in growth, yield and quality characters. The genotype of Shomos was superior in all the growth characters. Furthermore, head diameter, number of seeds in disc (1225 seed disc -1), 1000 seeds weight 63.01 g, yield of seeds (3766 Kg h-1), and harvest index. The first planting date has been exceeding in most growth characters while, Furthermore, first date was outstanding in number of seeds disc-1 (1106 seed disc-1), weight of 1000 seeds (54.24g), seed yield (3260 Kg h-1), and, harvest index % Interaction between genotype and planting dates affected significantly all growth characters. Genotypes Shomos in first planting dates gave the highest rate of plant height and the number of seeds disc-1(1342 seed disc-1). Shomos genotype showed superiority in second plant date in leaf area and leaf area index, as well as, this genotype also exceeded in first and second dates in total yield (4191 and 4231 Kg h-1) respectively. It also revealed superiority in the second planting date in weight of 1000 seeds (71.43 g).

A field experiment was carried out during the autumn season 2017 in Al-Muthanna Governorate (Al-Bander Agricultural Research and Experiment Station of the Faculty of Agriculture / Al-Muthanna University), 2 km from the city center, to determine the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 100, 200 and 400 kg) (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg K-1). In growth and yield characteristics and components of the salvage variety, the units were distributed according to the design of the complete sections randomized by the split-plot design and three replicates. The main parameters included the sub-plot fertilization and the effect of nitrogen fertilization on most of the studied traits, The results of the statistical analysis showed the mental superiority of the fertilizer level of 400 kg N-1 in the traits (Leaf area, leg diameter, Weight of 1000 grains, grain yield and biomass (7956 cm2, 26.43 mm, 3443 heads -1, 36.25 g, 8.970 tons, 1 and 21.20 tons h-1), while 200 kg N-1 was higher in the chlorophyll content of leaves, which was 50.50 mg-2 The level of 120 kg K-1 showed a significant increase in the highest mean (plant height, leg diameter, number of grains In the head, grain yield, biomass and harvest index (144.87 cm, 25.12 mm, 3372 head-1, 7.962 ton -1), respectively, while 30 kg K-1 was superior to the chlorophyll content of leaves, which was 46.88 mg-2. The combination (400 kg N-1 + 120 kg K-1) gave the highest number of grains per head (4277 grains), weight of 1000 tablets (36.50 g) and grain yield (10.72 tons h-1.

A field experiment was conducted at Al- Qurna (Al-Sharash) district, during the 2017 autumn season to investigate the effects of foliar Nano-fertilizer application rates (0, 6, 12 and 18 g L -1), which contains 11 nutrients (5% nitrogen, 3% phosphorus, 3% potassium, 6% calcium, 6% magnesium, 8% zinc, 4.5% iron, 0.7% manganese, 0.1% boron, 0.65% copper, 65% molybdenum) on growth and yield of three genotypes of corn (Cadiz, Sagunto, and Abcaro). Increasing Nano fertilizer rate to 18 g.l-1 highly increased number of days from planting to 50% male and female flowering (61.25 and 65.17 days), plant height (189.38 cm), leaf area (4629.96 cm2), number of grains per ear (561.28 grain ear-1), weight of 300 grains (103.43 g) and grain yield (6.79 t ha-1). Sagunto genotype gave the highest number of grains per ear (574.23 grain), and grain yield (6.16 t ha-1). Sagunto treated with 18 g.l-1 was superior treatment in terms of plant height (192.25 cm), leaf area (5262.25 cm2), and grain yield (7,99 t ha-1).

A field experiment was carried out during 2016/2017 season in Al-Rumaitha Al-Muthanna, Iraq to study the effect of spraying with three at of proline rates (0, 40 and 80 mg L -1) and a three-concentration hormonal mixture (M0(Control), M1= (IAA 20 mg L-1+ P 1000 mgP L-1 + K 2000 mgK L-1 +B 50 mgB L-1) and M2 = (IAA 40 mg L-1+ P 2000 mgP L-1 + K 4000 mgK L-1 +B 100 mgB L-1) A global experiment Randomized segments (RCBD) and three replicates. Was adopted significant effect of 80 mg L-1 proline significantly increased plant height, plant count, pod length plant dry weight, pod number per plant,( 29%), total seed yield (19%), biological yield (11%) harvesting index (8%) compared with the comparison, whereas the spraying of the proline did. The addition of the M2 height increase plant branches, chlorophyll content pod length dry weight of the plant ( 28%), the number of pods plant-1 (22%), total seed yield (15%) and harvest index (17%) as compared to significant differences were found among treatments and the contion in the number of seeds pod weight of 100 seeds and biological yield.With treatment the interaction between the spraying of the proline and the mixture showed a significant effect on the dry weight of the plant, the number of corns, the total number, the biological yield and the harvest index only.

The field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2017-2018 at selected farm in Al -Muthanna governorate to study effect of distances and dates of cultivation on growth and yield of fenugreek plant. The distances were (50, 60, and 70 cm), combined with three date of cultivations (1/10, 15/10, 1/11 and 15/11). 50cm treatment gave the highest fresh weight and seed yield with average 10.75gm and 2.25 t/h-1 at respectively, while the distance 60cm was superior in pod length (12.83 cm), and number of seed per pod -1 (17.25. Cultivation dateon 15/10 significantly increased plant height and number of pods, as they were (60.67) cm and 37.89 pods per plant, respectively. The interaction effect beween Cultivation distaneces and planting dates was significant in number of pods, seeds yield and length of pod, while was not significant in plant height, branches number, fresh weight of plant and number of seeds per pod.

This study is designed to determine the effects of Artemisia herba alba extract on the semen characteristics of layer cocks. 32 Leghorn cocks (7-month-old, Average weight 1.4 kg) were treated with 1.5 ml/bird/day 5%, 10% and 15% dose of Mugworts (Artemisia herba alba) extracts, respectively. After 21 days, semen was collected by dorsal and abdominal massage. Concentration of (10%) a significantly increased (p≤0.05) sperm motility, mass motility and viability. However, (15%) treatment significantly reduced (p≤0.05) sperm viability and count test, as compared to other treatments. The second and third groups significantly reduced abnormal sperm, as compared to check treatment. The best rate of the Artemisia herba alba extract is 10% and the concentration of 15% may detrimental to the fertility of the cocks.

A field experiment was conducted at field in Fudaliyah city, during 2017-2018 seasons. To study the effect of sowing dates and low concentration doses of herbicides on the growth and yield components triticum aestivum L (Boraa, Italian). Sowing dates were (1 11 ,15 11 ,1 12 ,15 12), and the low herbicides doses were (full doses (Granstar 20g/ha +Everst 70 ml/ha+ Cronus 80g/ha) ,75% doses,50% doses without doses).The first sowing date substantially increased plant height, tillers , number of spikes, number of grain, grain weight and yield (90.25 cm , 381.33 tiller .m-2 ,324.1 spike.m-2 ,40.244 g , 6.231 t.ha-1,sequentially. 1/12 sowing date gave the bet number grain, it gave 75.75 grain. spike-1. The first concentration excelled in all characteristics, and which no significant with second concentration for number of grain (90.08 cm, 347.75 tiller. m-2 ,302.3 spike .m-2 , 79.08 grain .spike-1,37.923 g ,6.478 t.ha-1). There was a significant interaction between the first sowing date and the first concentration in all characteristics excluding number of grain. Can be conclude that the first sowing date within the first concentration are given higher yield , but it can be used 75% doses especially it is not significant for some characteristics.

The soil salinity distribution maps were drawn for Al Refaae city for depths of 0-5 cm and 5-15 cm with a total area of 55 km2 by taking 38 soil samples, 19 samples for each depth. EC (1:1) values for the 0-5 cm depth samples ranged between 6.5 dsm-1 (R14) and 77.6 dsm-1 (R8) and the EC values for the 5-15 cm depth samples ranged from 7.6 dsm-1 (R12) and 139.5 dsm-1 (R9). The contour maps of the depth of 0-5 cm show that the northern, western, and southern parts of the study dominated by high conductivity values (> 25 dsm-1), while the eastern part is controlled by the low conductivity values. For the 5-15 cm depth samples, EC contour map showed that the northern part of the study area has low EC values (< 25 dsm-1), while for the southern part, the EC values were higher than 25 dsm-1. Maps of desertification degree in the 0-5 cm depth region is much more and wider than the desertification degree for the 5-15 cm depth sample areas which is obviously due to the used surface land and the dominated weather, which affect the soil surface much more than subsurface soil.