Journal of the College of Education for Women

Corpus linguistics is a methodology in studying language through corpus-based research. It differs from a traditional approach in studying a language (prescriptive approach) in its insistence on the systematic study of authentic examples of language in use (descriptive approach).A “corpus” is a large body of machine-readable structurally collected naturally occurring linguistic data, either written texts or a transcription of recorded speech, which can be used as a starting-point of linguistic description or as a means of verifying hypotheses about a language. In the past decade, interest has grown tremendously in the use of language corpora for language education. The ways in which corpora have been employed in language pedagogy can be divided into two main categories: indirect and direct application. In the former corpora are used in designing and developing the syllabuses, dictionaries, tests, and teaching materials, while later, corpus data are used for data-driven learning and what is known as grammar safari. So this research aims at employing corpus data in teaching Arabic grammar. Functional syntactic analysis of corpus is a must for this purpose, so Quranic corpus is the most appropriate one. In this paper, I examined the specification phenomenon (التمييز) in Quranic corpus and compared the descriptive and prescriptive approaches in teaching causative object as a grammatical phenomenon in Arabic.

This study aimed to identify the degree of use computers in administrative functions (planning, organization, controlling, and evaluation) among school leaders and assistants in public education schools in Sharoorah governorate ، as well as to identify obstacles of use computers in administrative functions from the perspective of school leaders and assistants male and female in public schools during the academic year 1439-1440, the study sample (66) school leaders and assistants, males (58), a and females (44), , and to answer the questions of the study, the researchers developed a questionnaire consisting of (60) items, has been verified sincerity and persistence, and data analysis was used frequencies, percentages and averages calculations and standard deviations, and analysis of variance quadruple the impact of sex, specialty, academic qualification, experience. The study found the following results: indicated arithmetic means and standard deviations that the degree of use of computers in the administrative function was high, and in descending order according to fields of study as follows: field controlling، and planning, and management area, and evaluation, as results showed constraints use of computers in administrative functions from the point of school leaders and assistants include: the need for training on the use of computers, and that there is low level of knowledge in English language, and the lack of equipment school and classroom with instruments of modern technological and hardware failures, and lack of maintenance which was not enough.

The exchanges in various fields, like economics, science, culture, etc., have been enhanced unceasingly among different countries around the world in the twenty-first century, thus, the university graduate who masters one foreign language does not meet the need of the labor market in most countries. So, many universities began to develop new programs to cultivate students who can use more foreign languages to serve the intercultural communication. At the same time, there is more scientific research emerged which is related to the relationship between the second and third languages. This humble research seeks to explain the relevant concepts and analyze the real data collected from Shanghai International Studies University in China, to explore this relationship transparently in front of readers and provide recommendations for non-native speakers, especially Chinese learners. Additionally, as a sample study, it aims to serve other researchers and future studies as well. The research results will be produced according to the quantitative and qualitative analyses at the same time to guarantee the objectivity and validity of the data. As for the part of the qualitative analysis, the paper will explain some related concepts generated in the western world, including their characteristics, benefits, and differences. As for the part of the quantitative analysis, it will refer to the statistics program SPSS. Then, it will produce relevant data with drawings and tables. Lastly, it will clarify the meanings of those data and the relationships among them.

The present study aimed at identifying the role of supervisory and training practices in the field education program in achieving course objectives from the perspective of the student teachers in the Faculty of Science and Arts in sharourah, and its relationship to some variables (gender, specialization, estimation). To achieve this, the researcher used the descriptive-analytical method, and the study tool was designed, which consists of (24) items distributed on two axes: the objectives of field education and supervisory and training practices. Then, the study tool was applied to the research sample represented in the entire study community, which consists of (65) male and female students in the Faculty of Sciences and Arts in Sharurah Governorate in the academic year 1437-1438 AH. The results of the study indicated that the objectives of the Field Education have been achieved to a large extent , In addition, the field education program and the supervisory and training practices it included have helped in achieving these objectives, with a difference in the role from one practice to another, It was also found that there were no significant differences due to the difference in gender and estimation variables, while there were statistically significant differences due to the difference in the specialty variable in favor of the major of Islamic studies. The study recommended expanding the fields of practice in field education by updating the traditional methods.

Today’s world confronts various threats from different sources. Similar to deprivation of energy, economic facilities, or political deposition, educational poisoning is one of the dangerous phenomena that result from distorting and corrupting the ethical and educational components of teaching by various material and non – material means.This paper sheds light on the concept of the educational system which is not a mere process of teaching, but rather an endless process of socialization that begins in the family and develops into religious, ethical, scientific and mythological systems, all of which form the cognitive component. It also defines the necessary means by which it is transmitted from one generation into another. The educational system, indeed, is closely connected with the culture of society. The study also gives an in-depth look at some concepts, mainly education, security, educational security, and sources of threat such as novelties, alternative religions, ethical system destruction, and curriculum distortion. It also attempts to provide a cursory account of the different effects of educational threat and presents some suggestions.

Evaluation of “Holy Quran & Islamic Education” Curriculum for Second Intermediate Stage from Perspectives of Teachers & Supervisors of material A Field Study conducted in the Directorates-General of Education in Baghdad Governorate. It goes without saying that educational curricula for students of all stages of schooling are in bad need of reviewing, evaluation and revision. The Islamic education curriculum is no exception, since it is a basic subject that plays a role in developing the individual’s moral and conscientious aspects, promotes his/her inner discipline and helps establish coherence with the values system of the community to which he/she belongs.


Based on the foregoing, the evaluation process of the Islamic education curriculum may indicate points of strength or weakness, besides other results, conclusions and recommendations that may develop this method in the service of the educational process and contribute to building students up educationally and morally to qualify them to take their social roles in society.


The study comes up with a set of results and conclusions which uncover the points of strength and weakness in the curriculum of “Holy Quran & Islamic Education” for the second intermediate stage, and backed them with a set of suggestions and recommendations, including:

The research seeks to know the social loafing of kindergarten teachers and their relation to personality traits. In order to achieve the research objectives, the researcher constructed the social loafing scale, which she applied to kindergarten teachers. The scale consists of (22) paragraphs. It has good credibility and stability. The coefficient of stability (85.0) was the retest method and (81.0) Alpha Cronbach equation. In addition, the researcher has adopted (Raymond Cattel) personality traits scale, which has been adapted to the Arab environment (Abdel Rahman and Abu Abada,1998), The scale consists of (39) paragraphs, and enjoys the apparent honesty. The measure of social loafing and the measure of personality traits was applied to a sample of (200) teachers, who were chosen in a simple random way. The research reached the following results:
Kindergarten teachers have a social loafing breakdown at varying levels.
The four character traits are available to teachers at different levels.
Social loafing is linked to the personality traits of the teachers in a high and positive relationship. Then the researcher submitted a set of recommendations and proposals.

The research aims at the scholars 'attention to the importance and role of Arab Muslim women through books and historical studies that historians and scholars have taken up like Ibn Al-Jawzi (597 AH) and his book Safwat Al-Safwa, where he presented the conduct of worship and their words and deeds, and explained to women worshipers other aspects of their lives, such as the scientific aspect Crafts and works as well as their prominent role in preaching and religious guidance, and the impact of this on their morals and qualities. This study showed the strength of the personality of women and their high interest in worship. The importance of the study lies in knowledge. The research followed the role of Muslim women to carry the banner of Arab-Islamic civilization, culture, and preserved human thought. The Islamic community has stood up in pride and honor in front of the Muslim women who are straight and religious, as the leading scholars of preaching and guidance were asking her to preach and remind. Individuals cherished her career, as most of the women’s worshipers ’news came through their husbands, sons, or fathers, which indicates mutual respect, kindness, and love among members of the Muslim family. The researchers committed to documenting information from its sources and following the method of historical research method in investigating and supporting this with tables that count the number of female worshipers in each town.

The current research is concerned with studying the decisive answers which are considered quick and conclusive. These answers can effectively interrupt the opponent's argument and close the dialogue. This research is concentrated on deliberative methodology focusing on the decisive answer's activity and ending them through several completing and argument sides. This research consists of an introduction and three parts, the current introduction is focused the light on the concept of decisive answers and its uses in literature and the scarce of speech, and how to consider it with one dialogue description,that dialogue constitute by ? The first part is concerned with those answers through the deliberative methodology and classifying decisive answers in sequence with those answers. Part two is dealt with arrangement and employment of arguments in decisive answers in consist with argument concept, it is studied the mechanism of presenting arguments in this field. The last and the third parties dealt with the origins and the essence of decisive answers through critical necessities that arguments are concentrated through. In this research, there is a concentration in dialogue necessities and the mechanism of intentions for the basis of those answers.

This research aims to shed light on the geography of Shatt Al-Gharraf, one of the main branches of the Tigris River south of the sedimentary plain, where the changes exposed by this Shatt (river) were followed by a set of old and modern maps, which date back to the years(3000 BC, 1771 AD, 1810 AD, 1944 AD, 1959 AD, 2009 AD, 2017 AD).Through this research, Shatt al-Gharraf was found to be an integrated river in terms of the geomorphological phenomena of the rivers (river meanders, river islands, marshes, and estuary). Besides, it was exposed to several changes especially its downstream in the Euphrates. It was previously flowing into the Euphrates but due to a number of factors such as the shortage of water in the Tigris River in recent years and the establishment of many systems on Shatt Al-Gharaf, as well as the river sediments and the establishment of the General Downstream Trocar, all led to the disconnection between Shatt Al-Gharraf and the Euphrates.The old maps showed that in the past, Al-Gharraf was flowing into the Euphrates River at Nasiriyah, but due to the accumulation of sediments in Shatt al-Gharraf tributaries, the Shatt started to head east towards the central marshes. Moreover, the construction of the General Downstream Trocar was one of the reasons for the disconnection of Al-Gharaffrom the Euphrates in the city of Nasiriyah. TheAncient maps of the 18th century showed that Al-Gharraf was present in both branches, Al-Badaa and Al-Shatrah.

The importance of the interpretation of the Holy Qur’an is that it is a necessity that accompanies Muslim throughout his life, it helps him to solve his problems, it is a way of gaining advanced knowledge, it facilitates the Muslim's understanding of the Holy Qur’an and to know God’s Almighty’s intent in His verses. Since there are so many needs that a person strives to achieve, therefore, the interpretation of the Holy Qur'an would be satisfactory to him and it facilitates the fulfillment of these needs within the limits of legal laws. The aim of the researcher is to get acquainted with the method of that honoured interpreter in his interpretation, and his ability to benefit Muslims in explaining the verses and come to a solution of the problems that appear in the Muslim's life. During searching Jewan's interpretation, the researcher reaches the conclusion that he shows an interest in discussing the sciences of the Holy Qur’an, such as the reasons for descending verses, abrogater and abrogated verses, reciting, arbitrator and similar verses, and Mecca and Madeena Verses.


The present research includes an introduction that contains a definition of the Holy Qur’an science, linguistically and terminologically. It consists of five sections: The first includes the reasons of the descending of the Qur’an with examples of his interpretation; the second is about abrogater and abrogated verses with a linguistic and idiomatic definition; the third tackles the Holy Qur'an recitings with their types showed in Jewan's interpretation with what is counted for him or against him; the fourth section is dedicated for tackling the arbitrator and similar with a linguistic and terminological definition; the fifth and the final section is devoted to mention the Mecca and Medeena verses. Finally, the conclusion of the research consists of the most important results along with footnotes and references.

The aim of this research is to study the modern Spanish writings on the biography of Prophet Mohamed (PBUH), which gave the glorious biography its due by objective study and analysis with a scholarly approach, unlike the old Spanish and European oriental writings with its biased approach. In the past, Spanish and European writings on Prophet Mohamed were influenced by religious extremism and did not do any justiceto Prophet Mohamed. But this has changed in the modern times, and modern writing on the Prophet biography is based on objective analysis and reliance on original sources instead of the sources of the churches which were full of hate and wicked intentions to eliminate Islam.The research came to the conclusion that the modern Spanish writings were liberated from the influence of the church and its control on thinking, although there are still some voices that are motivated by hate of Islam. But the voices of hate are weak against the louder ones that show unbiased approach in research that became clear in the twentieth century.The research recommends that the attention should be given to the fair Muslim and non-Muslim orientalist researchers, whether in Spain or other European countries and shed the light on their writings that reject the biased and unjust opinions on Prophet Mohamed by publishing their books and inviting them to attend conferences and events held in Arab and Muslim countries. This will be a significant factor in spreading Islam in Western countries.

تعد الوظيفة التجارية من أهم الوظائف في المدن إذ لا توجد مدينة بدون سوق تجاري يودي هذه الخدمة لساكنيها. ولقد هدفت الدراسة إلى توزيع الوظيفة التجارية في شارع أبو الطيارة في بلدية الدورة عن طريق تسليط الضوء على حجم هذه الوظيفة في هذا الشارع، وتحليل التغير الذي طرأ على استعمالات الأرض التجارية ليس فقط في النواحي السكنية.

وإنما في الجوانب المختلفة ونتيجة لنمو السكان في المدينة واتساعها وتطورها من النواحي الاقتصادية والاجتماعية فقد ازداد حجم الطلب على الخدمات التجارية، لذا فقد تركز البحث على مظاهر التخصص الوظيفي في شارع أبو الطيارة ودور النشاط التجاري في إشباع حاجات سكان المنطقة والمناطق القريبة منها، ولقد توصل البحث إلى أن دور العوامل الجغرافية عملت بشكل ملحوظ على نمو وتطور الوظيفة التجارية في شارع أبو الطيارة اذ يرز التغير والتنوع في هذا الشارع الذي يقدم فيه السلع والخدمات التجارية كافة، وخلق فرص عمل متعددة للسكان والمناطق القريبة منها، فضلا عما أدى إليه هذا التطور من إظهار مشكلة أثرت في خصوصية المنطقة السكنية في شارع أبو الطيارة؛ فقد تحولت من منطقة سكنية الى. منطقة تجارية، مما أدى إلى الضغط على خدمات البنى التحتية، فضلا عن الاختناقات المرورية التي يسببها الشارع التجاري في شارع أبو الطيارة مثل وقوف السيارات على الأرصفة إلى جانب المشاكل البيئية الأخرى.

The research aims to find out the impact of Lee’s cognitive strategy on the achievement of fifth-grade literary students in the module of history. The research community consists of the secondary female day schools of Al-Karkh Al-Oula Directorate Generalof Education. The size of the research sample comprises (45) female students of the fifth grade of the literary brunch, (21) students for the experimental group and (24) students for the control group. The researchers have chosen an experimental design with partial control to suit the current research and its goal. They used a unified tool to measure the achievement of female students, which consisted of (50) items characterized by sincerity and they extracted the stability of the tool based on the Pearsoncorrelation equation (0.79) and corrected the equation with Syberman (20). The final stability coefficient (0.82), a ratio of stability, which is acceptable in educational and psychological studies. In light of the above, the researchers commenced the experiment application on Wednesday, 19/10/2016. The responses of the students were obtained and the data for the post-achievement test was ready for statistical analysis. The researchers used the following statistical methods (T-test for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cyberman-Brown equation, Kay square test, Paragraph difficulty coefficient, discrimination coefficient and equation of the effectiveness of incorrect alternatives. After applying the test to the students, the results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) and degree of freedom (43) between the average scores of the experimental group students who studied according to Lee's cognitive strategy and the average scores of the control group who studied according to the traditional method of post-achievement test for the modern and contemporary history of Europe and America in favor of the experimental group. In light of this, the researchers presented several conclusions, recommendations and proposals.

Illiteracy has spread in the last years, although it was eliminated in the 1980s. The return of illiteracy brings ignorance, illness, backwardness and regression among nations. It has taken many types, mainly alphabetical, scientific and computer illiteracy. Hence, the increasing nature of illiteracy has attracted the attention of governments and societies alike. This may touch the reality of societies starting with their youth unless those, who are in charge, will find workable solutions for the existing problems. The results of the study revealed that there is a real disaster awaiting the next generation after years of stray, and ignorance of the people in charge who are too engaged in getting their privileges to care about this problem, and they are leaving the young people to face their dark and unknown fate. Therefore, we have to participate together to get rid of this issue, or rather the disaster that is going to strike our grieving people. Islam urged on learning and reading which was obvious in the very first verses that were revealed upon our prophet Mohammad (Peace be upon Him). To eliminate illiteracy, we have to take many steps and give more efforts to upgrading the reality of the youth in Iraq nowadays.

The Sufi poetry of Ibn Al-Faridh represents a true image of the spiritual experience, in which he presented the bright aspects of his experience, and his suffering in it, by formulating it in a poetic form, because the Sufi poetry is the result of an experience in which the Sufi seeks to achieve his goal of reaching the truth, and this is why Ibn Al-Faridh made his poetry a tool for expression on his own experience, the poet reflected his Sufi life in which he moved rhymes and weights.


The poet Ibn Al-Faridh stands as a witness to his making of Sufi poetry in the service of the purpose of who said, it is the embodiment of the Sufi journey in the stages, and the fluctuation in the places and situations, and it is a psychological, emotional and honorable journey based on depicting the situation of the poor self in the places of gathering and separation, and rhetoric worked wonderfully in its parts, he showed the arts of Al-Badeea as it is an art related to the depth of depiction of gathering and separation, the pain of the self in its separation after the first meeting and its nostalgia for eternal gathering . His poetry appears to have built a solid and intentional structure in which the language has transformed into a harmonious transformation with the sentimental, honorable soul highness. Al-Badeea played an essential role on the level of thought, evidence, and construction, as well as his aesthetic role.

Cohesion is well known as the study of the relationships, whether grammatical and/or lexical between the different elements of a particular text by the use of what are commonly called \'cohesive devices\'. These devices bring connectivity and bind a text together. Besides, the nature and the amount of such cohesive devices usually affect the understanding of that text in the sense of making it easier to comprehend. The present study is intended to examine the use of grammatical cohesive devices in relation to narrative techniques. The story of Joseph from the Holy Quran has been selected to be examined by using Halliday and Hasan\'s Model of Cohesion (1976, 1989). The aim of the study is to comparatively examine to what extent the types of grammatical cohesive devices and their frequencies and densities are affected by the techniques of narration, namely, internal and externalor as commonly known as conversational and narrative. The researcher has come into the conclusion that the grammatical cohesive devices form one third of the story and accordingly, they affect the structure and interpretation of the text. Moreover, the grammatical cohesive devices are more frequent in the conversational part when compared to the narrative part. It is also concluded that the endophoric reference is the dominant category in the conversational and narrative parts of the story, unlike the exophoric that can be identified only in relation to the background knowledge of the outside situation. Keywords: Cohesion, grammatical cohesive devices, narration, text, connectivity

This play is written in 1932 by Lynn Riggs who is half Cherokee. The play is set in Claremore Mound, Oklahoma almost a century after the Trail of Tears. Riggs presents mixed-blood, young Cherokees to portray a post-colonial state of spiritual loss and disruption of traditional community ties. The new generation lives in darkness, and the title of the play tells about the dramatist's view that night comes to his Cherokee Nation. The Indian ghost is one of the play’s characters. It is an Indian ghost of a warrior. It comes to remind Cherokees of their heritage and traditions. The ghost sees the new generation as nothing as ghosts because they are neither good for themselves nor for their nation. This paper is important as it discusses the post-colonial state of Cherokees after a century of their displacement, concentrating on mixed-blood youth to give a broader dimension of the state of non-belonging and spiritual loss of these young natives. The paper aims at examining this state during that period, and the findings of the paper show that the Cherokee nation has no hope to regain their great heritage.

Domestic violence, or as sometimes known as family abuse, is usually related to a domestic or local setting as in cohabitation or in marriage. It can take the forms of being physical, verbal, economic or emotional. Globally, most of the domestic violence is overwhelmingly directed to females as they tend to experience and receive severe forms of violence, most likely because they do not involve their intimate, or sometimes even non-intimate partners, in the process of mental and physical self-defense. Sometimes countries justify domestic violence directed to females, they may be legally permitted when the reasons behind it are related to issues of women' sinfidelity. Usually, the permission to violent acts is related to the level of gender equality postulated in these countries. Familial or domestic violence may progress when it is directed against any partner in society. In its evolution, domestic violence may develop different violent dynamics out of human choices. In Glaspell’s play, domestic violence has led the hard-natured Mr. Wright to his death, a nature that is articulated to his wife as a fatal execution of her own freedom and humanity. The kitchen, a place which men consider trivial, holds the clues leading the female characters in the play to discover the identity of the murderer. This discovery causes, in the audience as well as in the female characters, a dilemma of judging the domestic violence executed by the murderer under the pressures of emasculated patriarchal culture overwhelming that closed society.

Cities have witnessed great changes since the planning of the first cities. This is due to the increase in population and problems in services which affect urban security. As such, urban security is directed and affected by the nature of city planning and the types of services. Besides, the kind of services plays an imminent place in providing urban security at all levels. Other factors that influence urban security can be limited to the increase of population, economic and social changes. This leads to losing urban control. This study will explore the historical chronology to identify weaknesses in urban planning since its dawn and reaching solutions to protect urban security. The importance of the research lies in achieving urban security in the city through planning after making a comprehensive study of the areas to the weakness and strength of the urban area, the result is to achieve an integrated urban environment that can provide the needs of the residents with all their activities and societal components, so the residents will no longer need to cover their needs or to resort to methods that may prejudice urban security in the city in order to meet their needs, or to help urban planning generate a crime in certain places of the city if the study of the spaces is not thoroughly studied.