JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATION AND ECONOMICS

The research aims to indicate the role of the agricultural initiative launched by the Iraqi government after 2008 to stimulate investment and the promotion of the agricultural sector, which represented one of the funding policy adopted by the government after 2003 , The search adops a problem that (in spite of the government to provide capital for the agricultural sector in order to stimulate investment and the promotion of the agricultural sector, the funding policy may fail to achieve that due to subjective reasons regarding the extent of its commitment to standards of proper funding and foundations, and objective reasons related to the extent of interoperability and coordination between them and other economic and agricultural policies), It is assumed that there is a positive relationship between the agricultural financing and stimulating investment but is conditioned by the availability of the bases for the right financing and rules , have been used the method of analysis and measurement of some economic indicators (production and productivity of wheat) as a crop strategically, the research found that there is a delay in the funding policy in some economic and agricultural policies have economic indicators affected by this, the study recommended that the policy of agricultural finance is governed by the agricultural bank after restructuring and the presence of coordination and consensus between the agricultural policies, particularly marketing and finance policy

An opened economy is exposed to a number of undesirable effects, and that would damage the economy . So, some economic policies seek to address these effects, particularly monetary policy ; through sterilization policy , it can make compensation for all or part of the changes that affect the amount of foreign exchange reserves, due to the leaving or flowing of capital towards the economy. that it can be achieved through the sterilization of unwanted effect of access to the components of the national economy, through open market operations, as part of the attempt to address those effects through sterilized and effective monetary policy, through supplement and enhance the ability of determinants of that sterilized policy, by monetary policy itself in a suitable environment works in which an efficient monetary policy supportive of economic growth.
So, the study tends to determine the factor influencing the sterilization policy, taken China as a case study, because of the breadth and diversity of Chinese economy , it is dramatic growth, and it is capacity to attract foreign capital.

The objective of the research in analyzing the impact of foreign direct investment in the oil sector in economic growth, according to maximize revenue by increasing the production rate with a guarantee of optimal utilization of national oil wealth. Iraq is directed to produce the amount of 12 million barrels a day, according to decades of investment licenses for oil wells and private detections (producing and non-producing), this is what will make Iraq a choice, represent the first ,retaining a large throughput cards Off, due to the lack of lines of export adapted to the production, and this will have a significant financial requirements for investment companies, while the second, it was the bypass OPEC oil production determinants and flood the market with Iraqi oil outside the budget, which will inevitably affect the low As aralinvt, and both options will be the target of investment for companies that are considered the only gainer from these contracts -The research found that the impact of licenses to foreign oil companies decades of economic growth were not economically viable and socially, it was found from the analysis of the effects of these contracts, they were not only control of the national oil wealth by those companies, which was passed to them under those contracts decision-making process the control and management of operations for the development and operation of the oil industry in all its phases and all oil producing fields and undeveloped and undiscovered,

The study aims at examining “Top Management’s Mindset and its impact on Strategic Change in Industrial Companies in Jordan” listed at Amman Stock of Exchange. The unit of analysis consists of (276) managers or equivalents in the above companies. Two sources of information and data collection are adopted: the metadata and secondary data . The study utilizes central tendency measures and measures of dispersion, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) applied to test the hypotheses. The study concludes that there is an Impact of Top Management’s Mindset on Strategic Change in the Jordanian Industrial Companies. In the light of the results, the study comes out with some different conclusions and recommendations regarding the adoption of mindset approach and strategic thinking in Industrial Companies, to improve their continuous development through different tools, and enhancements of these concepts in companies’ culture. Researchers suggest further research work in this regard. The study provided a foundation for future application and development of mindset theory.

The choice of the optimal portfolio is one of the important topics in the field of financial management where there are numerous models to select it with the multiple measures of portfolio risk and from those is to measure the Value at Risk , which is one part of the tail distribution approach , which researchers stiffer about the possibility of the choice of the optimal portfolio , which is the problem for research which lies in the possibility of using Value at Risk measure in the selection of optimal portfolio . To achieve the research goal it was adopted on the annual return on the assets of ten companies listed in Now York stock Exchange for the period (2005 – 2013) .
The research found a set of conclusions and recommendations including the possibility of using Value at Risk measure in the selection of the optimal portfolio .

The research aims to measure and analyze the extent of Iraqi private banks trend for sustainable banking applications, functions and roles as one of modern approaches in banking business . To achieve this aim, a random sample has been selected of five Iraqi private banks depending on questionnaire that was prepared and formulated through accessing to a number of previous studies.
`This forma has been approved by a number of professors and bankers and distributed among the supreme executives in these banks.
Each ten samples of these form have been given for each bank. Through analyzing and extracting results, a number of conclusions have been reached to the most notably is that adopting the notion of sustainable banking that is more than being among act of charity provided by the bank to the community, a competitive work leads to increase the numbers of customers and thereby increasing profits in the long term.
A number of recommendations were suggested, most notably is that proposing a vision for implementation of sustainable banking activities as part of institutional framework for sustainable development in the country.

This study aims to identify the effect of the talent management on achieving strategic leadership impact was based researcher in the study of management talent within (Strategic Intelligence has secondary dimensions as follows : Prospective ensure, systems thinking, the future vision, motivation, partnership), in achieving leadership strategy dimensions: (creativity and innovation, development and expansion of competitive advantage, risk-taking) and it was the General Company for Leather Industries located in Baghdad that included in the study . The sample included 120 individual managers and employees of the certification campaign . Based on the progress, importance of the study emerges through the importance of the topic to learn over the possibility of applying the concept of talent management in the Iraqi environment, specifically in the General Company for Leather Industries and diagnose that the company's management recognizes the importance of such a concept to achieve a competitive advantage and thus achieve leadership and whether full awareness of employees of the importance of the application of this concept in the company available.
The study is based on two main assumptions The first essential hypothesis focuses on a correlation relationship with significant differences between talent management and strategic leadership and came second main one is the existence of significant correlation between the moral impact of talent management strategy and leadership.

Environmental changes have governed the managerial leadership to seek the best methods to cope with those changes aides to control them. Thus, the leadership style is one of the method that has been adopted believing that it is the most effective tool for developing a group of facilities to interpret the ideas and concepts into a real situation.
The present research aims to reveal the relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation and improving production processes, it has been expressed about the pioneering direction as it is stable through its ranges are represented by (creativity, precedence, bearing Risks, competitiveness, independence) to achieve the aim of the present study , a special questionnaire has been adopted depending on the opinion of a sample of administrators in this company. The data have been statistically analyzed for the purpose of testing the nature of Correlation and the effect relationship that was recorded in the light of a set of conclusions and offer a set of proposals are consistent with the company surveyed.

The research aims to identify the intellectual aspects of the statement of cash flows assess the quality of liquidity and the analysis of the statement of cash flows for the banks the research sample, as well as the special liquidity extracted from the statement of cash flows and comparing the ratios of liquidity quality Baghdad Bank and the Bank of the Middle East, the Iraqi investment have been selected to test the hypothesis of the research . A set conclusions are reached including: Search results showed the importance of the statement of cash flows in achieving the quality of liquidity because they provide information from which to determine the project's ability to meet its obligations to other parties as well as to improve the liquidity of the project. Through the preparation of the statement of cash flows information can be obtained from the beneficiaries which can determine the adequacy of cash flows , to meet the needs and provide investors and borrowers with information on how to use the money by Project Management (increase foreign investment) .

Current research Links between two variables key sectors with great importance in the field of marketing , namely (a deception and consumer behavior) , and research seeks to identify the impact of marketing deception in the purchasing behavior of the consumer in a sample of Baghdad commercial markets , and the research problem was represented by arange of questions about the nature of the relationship and influence between the independent variable (marketing deception) and the dependent variable (consumer behavior), and two fundamental research hypotheses have been emerged, including four sub-hypotheses each of them subjected to statistical tests .
The research is done on a random sample of 289 consumers in seven marketing complexes , and the questionnaire tool is the main key in the collection of data and information, and for their analysis of the data used several statistical methods such as mean and standard deviation and simple correlation coefficient and simple linear regression equation and (T) test and (F) test .
The most significant findings of the research is a lack of correlation and impact between research variables , and the research found a set of conclusions, the most important is that the marketing deception practices are from ancient origins and practiced from old time, and most of the countries developed legislation and laws that limit these practices and that protects consumer safety and their rights to access to safe products, and that there are significant moral effect of deception in the distribution on the purchasing of consumer behavior .
The main recommendations are the official authorities address the legal legislation that protects the consumer and works to develop them in order to limit or reduce the phenomenon of marketing deception and preserve the safety of consumers, and draw attention to the same culture Limited class and try to spread the culture of use of the products and how to make sure about the safety of products they consume, and as well as urged scholars and researchers further studies and research related to the phenomenon of deception and taking other practices about marketing deception .

The current study tests the relationship between organizational support and organizational cynicism for faculty sample in Raiding4 University College . This sample includes (57) Teachers. The core content for our study problem involves number of questions regarding the relationship between organizational support and cynicism. The study assumes that there is positive relationship between organizational support as on independent variable and organizational cynicism as a dependent variable. By using a questionnaire, the author collects the date of the study. We used SPSS in order to report descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing . The study results are consistent with our hypothesis. According to study results, the set of conclusions and recommendations have been formulated. One of the important conclusions is have been college interest in staff concerns and providing all the requirements that help them do their best.

The study aims to provide an integrated framework for the essential capabilities and organizational distinction , one of the themes of the business organizations is to achieve the best performance and to measure the basic dimensions available for the organization , especially the population of the study in order to reveal its importance to be able to use them to abusive its distinction in performance as a whole , therefore we chose Kirkuk cement plant as one of the important organizations in Iraq , and because of the circumstances faced by this country , which have had an important role to raise the level of the National industry , From this point , the study started with a group of questions targeted to identify the availability of substantial capabilities in the surveyed organization , and to find out the best ways to use them to achieve the distinction , and to identify the relation and the effects of the study variables, to achieve this five hypotheses were formulated , the study was conducted at Kirkuk cement plant which represents the community of the study , an intentional sample was chosen among a working personnel (46 in number ) in different specializations (observant , director , assistant manager , head of department , senior engineer) , because they represent the most important sample who know the work of the organization , depending on a questionnaire as a prime tool to get the basic information as a field study , analyzed through a proved statistical methods (SPSS) , which the theoretical framework in question was applied according to a number of Arab and foreign references. The conclusions of this study found that the management of the organization showed an interest in the vital capabilities and the organizational distinction to achieve the best competitive place , so the researchers worked to present a group of suggestions to improve the effectiveness of the studied organization must achieve the best . The most important one was that the studied organization must concentrate on the vital capabilities with all its dimensions , depending on special and modern programmers to improve it among the workers and managerial personnel.

E- government is considered as the product of the revolution of information communication technology ( ICT ) to re- formulate building relationships between citizens and government on one hand and between the government organization on the other hand . The effects of this modern technology have reflected on the government accounting system و and internal control in the government organization So this finding (study ) comes to highlight this topic in order to clarify the influence of E- government on the control and government accounting system , to determine the positives and problems of application of E- government on the internal control and government accounting System and try to put proposed frame work to develop methods of electronic internal control in the ministry of science and technology in proportion to application of E-government .

It is useless today to ignore the aspects concerning the protection of the environment of various natural resources, because of its negative effects on the environment from pollution and the depletion of these resources. Environmental issues present themselves in recent years on the political and administrative leaders table form that led to a doubling of efforts to remedy its problems, raising many questions about the relationship of these environmental problems companies and the outstanding performance of her, and began to adopt environmental management systems have also begun . This is necessary to ensure the continuity companies, especially the industrial ones and improve economic performance as well as to maintain the image of the ocean where you are. As the traditional disclosure did not indicate what caused the activities of companies of negative effects on the environment, leading to a decrease in the width associated with the protection of the environment and the consequent financial implications in the past, present and future of information, at a time which is a disclosure of the costs of environmental protection and the results of control pollution excellent database about the safety of operations and efficiency of environmental protection measures, as well as

This research focused on the recruitment of Hidden Markov models (HMMs) in Bioinformatics, to identify DNA sequence of humans and consisting of a sequence of nitrogenous bases, called nucleotides, Adenine are signified by the letter a, Cytosine and signified by the letter c, Thymine and signified by the letter t, Guanine signified by the letter g, is dealing with the problem of analyzing DNA sequence DNA as a linguistic problem consists of four letters (a , c, t, g) and Ltinaya a series of DNA using an algorithm Veterbi .

The cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death among males and females at the global level and on this basis this research fecuses to estimate the recurrence of myocardial infraction rate was focused during the period of time for people over the age of 62, through the construction of Poisson regression model. Since the variable response which should be estimate the numerical data in the light of a number of explanatory variables of age, sex, weight, pressing, sugar, cholesterol as the impact of the explanatory variables on the response variable non-linear effects. The logarithmic linear regression model has been used which is a special case of the general linear model and the statement of goodness of fit and implementation of all the appreciation and analysis requirements using a program Statistic aversion 6 . It was also found that the most important variables that play a role in the infection rate are age and pressing, sugar has been also find a relative risk of injury by sex and age group.

This research is concerned with a set of methods or mathematical styles that help us take decisions concerning the distribution of available resources to reach a number of goals through a solution style of multiple linear goal function to reach the minimum costs and the maximum profits and this is through the optimal use of these resources.
We have considered in the practical side, the study of some multiple goal programming methods and an optimal algorithm has been suggested to solve the problem by matching the results by using WINQSB system.
In the applied part , the research has dealt with maximizing the profit of the three leather jackets of the general establishment for leather industries as first goal and to minimize the cost of production as a second goal function through using any of the multiple goals methods included in the WINQSB system.

The ornamentation is one of the most important Islamic arts that Islamic civilization gave much care and Muslims showed creativity in using it to adorn the walls of the mosques, the buildings, and the religious shrines. Muslims also showed interest in decorating holy Quran by using distinguished and beautiful graphic lines.
These decorative designs have great impact on the psychology of religious tourist through finding comfortable social and psychological atmosphere by using many kinds of Islamic decoration such as tracery, engineering , graphic , lines in the holy shrines.
The study consists of five sections. The first one deals with the concept of Islamic decoration, its types and factors that influence it. The second one deals with the factors that psychologically affect on the behavior of the tourist like reverence, feeling of happiness, recognition, social interaction, personality and motivation. The third section contains the study methodology, The fourth one is devoted to the analysis of the data collected from the questionnaire forms which are randomly contributed to a sample from the visitors of Al-kadhimia shrine. The researcher use the statistical program (SPSS) .The last section include the conclusion and the recommendations which emphasize that there are a relationship and impact between the decoration forms and the psychological factors affecting the behavior of the religious tourist.