Journal of Kufa - physics

A conformal antennas are plays an important role due to its multitasking possibilities , which have many opportunities in several applications. In this study, a new design of cylindrical rectangular microstrip antenna(CRMA ) excited at mode, was achieved in order to operate at the frequency of 5.6GHz. The simulation was done by Finite Difference Time Domain(FDTD) method using MATLAB program. The input impedance , return loss and radiation pattern of antenna were calculated and plotted. By using the slots technique and dual-layers substrate technique , the bandwidth(BW) is increased to 88.88% . Also BW is increased as the dielectric constant value is decreased.

Trace elements examining of basic biological components in the human and animal body, is essential due to the increase and the decrease in them may lead to toxicity. In this study, 32 patients who were diagnosed with lung cancer in 32 healthy volunteers were compared. Serum level concentrations of Fe trace elements were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. There was statistical significance difference in nickel serum levels when comparing the mean of healthy with patient concentration, where the value of P (0.05 > p) was found. The level of serum components in the patient may be important in causing lung cancer.

The important preprocessing techniques for remote sensing data and geometrical alteration is the geometric correction. In this paper ,it covers two models which are used in to three dimensions the physical model and the projective Transformation for SPOT 2 to determine the geometric correction of study region of Mosul city. The ground control points are located on SPOT 2 satellite image. These models are producing the X residual, Y residual and root mean square error (RMSE) and then comparing the effects of two models. The X residual for SPOT 2 physical model is lower than X residual for projective transformation at 0.1420, while the Y residual for physical model has higher comparing with Y residual for projective transformation at 0.1143and Total RMSE for SPOT 2 physical model is lower than Total RMSE for projective Transformation at 0.1823. The physical model is superior to Projective model, so that, it is highly recommended to be used for very precise application and not to be replaced by these non-physical models. For the physical model, it is clearly that, the altitude of the Ground Control Points (or Check Points) does not effect on its individual RMSE, when using Projective model the RMSE for high altitude was high ,where at low altitude it was low too(extreme relationship).

This research, study the effect of the thickness on titanium dioxide (TiO2) , that prepared by the Sol-Gel Process method on the optical properties of (TiO2) thin film with different thickness (54, 64 and 89 nm), the thickness effect on optical properties (energy gap , absorbance spectrum, transmittance spectrum, reflectance, refractive index, extinction coefficient, absorption coefficient, real and imaginary dielectric constant) ,this study shows that thickness have an effect on all these parameters .

The purpose of this research is study the heterogeneous electronic transition through metal/liquid interface using simple model. The kinetic of electron transfer phenomenon discussion using postulate of quantum transition theory. The energy levels for metal and liquid assume to be alignment depending on continuum model theory. The behavour of electron transfer at metal-liquid interface affected by barrier height. The transition of negative charge on the interface of metal /liquid which suffering much more impediment to transfer cross the potential barrier .The net of electron that transfer give the average rate of electronic transfer and it indicate the electrical properties of metal/liquid devices

The purpose of this research is study the heterogeneous electronic transition through metal/liquid interface using simple model. The kinetic of electron transfer phenomenon discussion using postulate of quantum transition theory. The energy levels for metal and liquid assume to be alignment depending on continuum model theory. The behavour of electron transfer at metal-liquid interface affected by barrier height. The transition of negative charge on the interface of metal /liquid which suffering much more impediment to transfer cross the potential barrier .The net of electron that transfer give the average rate of electronic transfer and it indicate the electrical properties of metal/liquid devices

The purpose of this research is study the heterogeneous electronic transition through metal/liquid interface using simple model. The kinetic of electron transfer phenomenon discussion using postulate of quantum transition theory. The energy levels for metal and liquid assume to be alignment depending on continuum model theory. The behavour of electron transfer at metal-liquid interface affected by barrier height. The transition of negative charge on the interface of metal /liquid which suffering much more impediment to transfer cross the potential barrier .The net of electron that transfer give the average rate of electronic transfer and it indicate the electrical properties of metal/liquid devices

In this work, Point Spread Function (PSF) for triangular aperture was studied, in case of ideal optical system, also in case of presence first order aberrations )focal error and tilt aberration) and third order aberrations (spherical ,coma, and astigmatism aberrations) individually, and for the same values of aberration factor )W=0.1λ .....0.5 λ ) for angle of rotation (ѱ=0). First order aberrations were added to third order aberrations, to obtain the best balance and to reduce the curve width of the (PSF), and to increase the Strehl ratio, like adding a tilt aberration to the coma aberration and adding focal error to spherical aberration and astigmatism aberration. There are some aberrations effects impact negatively on point spread function, such as focal error with coma aberration and tilt aberration with spherical aberration

In this work comparison between the results of the first systems is a fixed solar and the second is the sun tracking in an attempt to increase the proportion of electricity production. Here a microcontroller (Arduino) and the light-dependent resistor (LDR) photo detector is used in this tracker. And then compare the results in different weather conditions and on different days to test the efficiency of the two systems. The efficiency of the tracking system is better than the fixed system by 12.3% on a sunny day and 4.9% on a partly cloudy day. However, it failed by 3.3% on a cloudy day. With a sunny day preference in the tracking system at 6.9% of partially cloudy days, and 12.1% with partially cloudy to a cloudy day. And verified from The efficiency of the work of the microcontroller (Arduino) system and the optical detector (LDR).

An experimental investigation using drag-out tensile test to calculate the interfacial shear strength for different embedded lengths of Kevlar and carbon fibers reinforced epoxy matrix with nanoclay (kaolinite) for different ratio weight, the interfacial shear strength increased by with increasing of embedded length and ratio weight fraction of nanoclay that adding to epoxy matrix.

A variable semiconductor optical buffer based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a three level conical quantum dot system (CQD) is theoretically investigated. The system is interacting with two (control and signal) laser beams. Signal light with subluminal velocity is possible in such system through the quantum interference effect induced by the control pump field. We investigate the refractive index and absorption spectra of the QD waveguide at different pump levels, which exhibit an optimal pump power for maximum slow-down factor (SDF). The group velocity SDF is theoretically analyzed as a function of the pump intensity at different broadened linewidths. The present study is based on the assumption that the medium is homogeneous. In this paper, a SDF as a function of CQD radius was studied. The simulation results indicate that the SDF increases with decreasing CQD radius.

In the present work, structural, optical, electrical and sensing properties have been studied for the (TiO2/rGO) nanocomposite prepared by the pulse laser ablation method in the liquid, where the Nd-Yag laser was used, and the two wave pulses (1064-532) and 300mJ, which were deposited on glass bases , The structural properties have been investigated by X-Ray diffraction technique analysis and morphological by atomic force microscope (AFM), The particle size of the membranes is less in the films prepared using wavelength (1064)than in the prepared films using wavelength (532). The optical properties of the nanocomposites have been determined by using the optical transmittance measurements in the spectral region from (300-1100) nm. Electrical properties such as I-V properties was also studied. sensing properties measurements showed good Humidity sensitivity within the range (20-80)%RH

This research included the preparation of (ZnO) thin films by CBD technique for the deposition of chemical bath thickness (150 ± 20nm). X-ray diffraction was analyzed and showed that the films crystallize in a polycrystalline hexagonal structure, with a preferred direction along the level (100). Increased volume of calculated crystals for deposited films was found by increasing molar concentration. The surface morphology of films was studied by SEM, and the surface morphology of ZnO films is a heterogeneous distribution. The optical properties of all deposited ZnO films contained a spectral permeability and absorption spectrum in the wavelength range (300-1100nm), and the transmittance decreased with increasing molar concentration, it was found that the value of the light energy gap (Eg) increases with increasing molecular concentration band gap between 3.1 and 3.2 eV.