Journal of Education for Humanities

The research aims to identify the effect of the RAFT strategy for creative and imaginative writing on developing taste for fourth-grade students. To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher formulated two null hypotheses, which are as follows:
1- There is no statistically significant difference between the average scores of the experimental group students who studied according to Raafat\\'s strategy and the average scores of the control group students who studied according to the usual method in the post-literary taste test.
2- There is no statistically significant difference between the average scores of the students of the experimental group who studied according to the Raafat strategy and the average scores of the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method in developing literary taste.

As for the research sample, it was intentionally selected from the research community and it consisted of fourth-grade students in (Homs Preparatory School for Girls) in the city of Mosul for the first course of the academic year ( 2021-2022 AD), and its number reached (62) students, distributed into two experimental and control groups. By (33) students for the experimental group that studied according to the RAFT strategy, (29) for the control group that studied in the usual way.
The researcher used the experimental method and conducted the process of parity between the members of the two research groups in a number of variables, which included: (chronological age calculated in months, and the degree of the Arabic language subject
for the previous year, the general average for the previous school year, the intelligence quotient, and the functional expression test (pre and post).
To achieve the objectives of the research, two tools were required: the first is the functional expression test as a research tool, and the second is the literary taste test. The two tests were characterized by honesty and reliability.
After preparing the teaching plans and the two tools, the experiment was applied in the first course of the academic year (2021-2022) on Saturday (13/11/2021AD) and continued for a full academic course. After data collection and statistical analysis, the researcher came up with a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions, including:

1- The RAFT strategy proved its effectiveness in developing literary taste skills in an enjoyable and easy way, and it made the students desire and motivation towards the subject.
2- That the directorates of education direct Arabic language teachers and Arabic language teachers in the Nineveh Education Directorate, and the various directorates in Iraq, on the need to use the RAFT strategy in teaching instead of the usual teaching methods that make the student a future only for the information he is given in during the lesson.
3- The effect of RAFT\\'s creative and imaginative writing strategy on analyzing literary texts for fourth-grade literary female students and developing their contemplative thinking.

The research aims to identify the effect of the information processing strategy on the achievement of fourth-grade middle school students in Islamic education
To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher formulated the following null hypothesis:
1- There is no statistically significant difference at (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who studied according to the information processing strategy and the average scores of the control group students who studied in the usual way in the achievement test
As for the research sample, it was intentionally selected from the research community and it consisted of the fourth year middle school students from (Umm Al Muminin high school) in the city of Mosul for the first semester of the year (2021-2022). According to the information processing strategy and (42) students of the control group who studied according to the usual method
The researcher used the experimental method and conducted the equivalence process in terms of: the chronological age calculated in months, the general average, the intelligence quotient, and to achieve the goal of the research, it required building the achievement test tool as a research tool, and the test was conducted with honesty and reliability.
After preparing the teaching plans and the tool, the researcher applied the experiment herself in the first semester of the year (2021-2022) on 11/14/2021, and it continued for a whole semester and ended on 01/15/2022, as the post-achievement test was applied on 01/17/2022 on the two research groups After collecting the data and analyzing it statistically, the researcher came up with a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions
1- The students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group in the achievement test
2- Holding training courses aimed at training teachers and teachers of Islamic education on the use of the information processing strategy
3- The effect of using the information processing strategy in developing religious awareness among second-grade intermediate students in the subject of Islamic education

When writing research in this field, it is necessary to stand on the woed origin and it means everything else is built upon, and here we find that the dictionary of language standards has been built on the origins that gather the scattered the derivations of the roots in their connotation, if a single root has a group of derivations, it is placed under one root called the semantic origin, the general meaning, or the central meaning, or the root have more than one semantic origin, and after looking at the lexicon of Ibn Faris, it was noticed that there are dual roots in the same chapter that are common in the semantic origin and this may be due to several reasons and factors, including the difference of Arab tribes in how they pronounce the letters, or the proximity of these sounds in their exits or characteristic, and other reasons calling for tha.

The current research aims to identify the level of availability of moral values among secondary school managers and its relationship to administrative operations from the point of view of the teachers. The sample consisted of secondary school teachers in the city of Mosul for the academic year (2021-2022). (10 years and less) and (more than 10 years) divided into (64) preparatory schools for boys and girls. The researcher prepared two tools, which are the ethical values tool and the administrative operations tool. The ethical values tool consisted of (48) paragraphs in its final form. As for the administrative operations tool, it consisted of (49) paragraphs in its final form, distributed into five fields, which are operations (planning (10) paragraphs, organization (10) paragraphs, guidance (10) paragraphs, coordination (10) paragraphs, control (9) paragraphs, with five alternatives, which are with a degree: ( very large, large, medium, few, very little) for both tools, the researcher applied the two tools on Sunday corresponding to (01/23/2022) and continued until Monday (03/7/2022) on the research sample, after collecting data then analyzing it statistically using T-test for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, reference mean, relative weight, the following results were obtained:
1-The moral values achieved a rate of (84.2%), which is a very good ratio, according to the point of view of the research sample individuals who have a period of service of more than 10 years in terms of their level of availability among secondary school managers.
2-The moral values achieved a rate of (83.5%), which is a very good ratio, according to the point of view of the research sample individuals who have a service period of 10 years or less in terms of their level of availability among secondary school managers.
3-The administrative operations achieved a rate of (80.916%), which is very good, according to the points of view of the research sample individuals who have a period of service (more than 10 years) in terms of their level of availability among secondary school managers.
4-The administrative operations achieved a rate of (81.864%), which is very good, according to the points of view of the research sample individuals who have a period of service (10 years or less) in the level of their availability with managers in secondary schools.

The current research aimed at identifying the effectiveness of the cognitive studentship strategy on the acquisition of the fifth secondary grade female students in Arabic language.
To achieve the objective of the research, the researcher put forward one main hypothesis, which stipulates that there is no significant difference between the average marks of the experimental group students, who study depending on the cognitive studentship strategy and the average marks of the students who study using the normal method in the acquisition test. A sample consisting of fifth secondary grade female students in the center of Nineveh governorate was selected for the academic year (2022-2023) deliberately from Hums Secondary school for Girls. The sample consisted of (81) female students and distributed into two groups. The first group is the experimental group that involved (41) students who study using the cognitive studentship strategy and the second group is the control group which included (40) students who study using the normal strategy.
The researcher used the experimental design with equivalent groups and conducted the equivalence on both the research groups in terms of a number of variables including (the age with months, the general average of the student, the mark in the Arabic language subject, the intelligence score and the education of the parents).
In order to achieve the objective of the research, a tool had to be used, which is:
An acquisition test, which was characterized by validity and invariability.
After preparing the teaching plans and the two tools by the researcher, one of the teachers at Hums secondary school for Girls was assigned to apply the experiment as the researcher is not a teacher and doesn’t have a sufficient experience in teaching in the second terms of the academic year (2022-2023), on Tuesday 21/2/2023. The experiment lasted for a whole teaching term and ended on Tuesday 2/5/2023. The acquisition test was applied on Thursday 4/5/2023 to both the two groups of the research.
Then the data was collected and statistically analyzed using the statistical tools in (SPSS) package and the study concluded the following:
There is a statistically significant difference between the experimental and the control group in the acquisition test in favor of the experimental group, which has a higher arithmetic mean and which studied using the cognitive studentship strategy.
Moreover, the researcher came to a set of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions, most important of which are:
Conclusions
Using the cognitive studentship strategy results in increasing the acquisition of the students in Arabic Language subject for the fifth grade secondary stage female students ompared to the traditional method of teaching.
Recommendations
The Directorate of Education in Nineveh ought to direct the male and female teachers of Arabic Language to diversify the methods of teaching that are used to teach the students through following several strategies including the cognitive studentship strategy in particular.
Suggestions:
The strategy of cognitive studentship is effective in the acquisition of Arabic language subject for the fifth secondary grade female students and their tendency towards this subject.

In this research, we shed light on the compound titles in the experience of the Mosul poet Jasim Mohammed Jasim, in order to explore their poetic and aesthetic dimensions. We selected the most dominant title patterns in the poet's experience, focusing on their diversity in structure and their closeness to the essence of poetic composition. Our analysis of these titles is based on two complementary readings. The first reading examines the compound title as a condensed and independent text, aiming to uncover its prominent features and potential connotations, regardless of their literal meanings.

Land transport networks, including roads and railways, in their regional context, represent one of the important requirements for achieving spatial development in Iraq. Therefore, the research aims to evaluate the expected mutual influence between transportation networks, their structural elements, and flow volume, to predict the operational capabilities of land transportation and the features of its foreseeable future. Using the methodology of analyzing systems and processes and statistical modeling methods, which revealed that land transport networks have significant positive relationships to the mutual influence between their independent variables, explaining the development of the dependent variables of the lengths of automobile roads by 67% and railways by 44% according to the determination factor R2, which witnessed a balanced development in the scenarios. Forecast for the period 2023-2032, with a statistical confidence of 95% and for all variables of the operational capabilities of land transport in Iraq, to achieve participating interconnection with the development road project in the foreseeable future.

The research aims to highlight the status of the city of Samarkand from an economic standpoint, and it is one of the most important transoxiana cities that existed in the Levant, where the city witnessed several developments in various eras, but what is distinctive about it is its ability to rise to confront the problems that confront it, as well as its ability to maintain... Its distinctive geographical position made it the focus of attention of Muslims and others. Everything that was said about Samarkand is only evidence of the status of this city and the beauty and splendor it contains, which made poets describe it in their verses. The importance and status of the city increased after Islam entered among its people.

At the end of the research, it is necessary to point out the most important results that I reached, which are as follows:
First: The word “fangla” has no origin in language books, but rather it is a method used by many scholars to raise a difficult question or problem, to excite and excite the recipient.
Second: Sheikh Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Ali bin Yusuf Al-Shirazi was born in the year (393) in Fayrouzabad, and died in the year (476) in Baghdad, the Shafi’i sheikh of his time.
Third: Imam al-Nawawi, Yahya bin Sharaf Muhyi al-Din al-Hazami al-Nawawi, the author of many useful works, was born in the year 631 and died in the year 676. He was - may God have mercy on him - an ascetic, a brilliant scholar, and an accomplished memorizer of various sciences, and he blessed God is in His knowledge and His classifications for His good purpose.
Fourth: The Book of Purity is one of the important books, which most authors include at the beginning of their books. Because worship is the foundation, and prayer is its beginning, and prayer does not occur except with previous purification. Purity is a means that leads to prayer and it is an end.
Fifth: It is obligatory to exit prayer to perform ablution, for one who finds water after entering prayer; Because most jurists said so, and to invalidate the condition of tayammum, as we mentioned previously.
Sixth: Many scholars tended to this opinion, and even Imam Ahmad - may God have mercy on him - is said to have retracted his opinion by continuing with prayer. Because he found that most of the hadiths indicate that he should go out for ablution ().
Seventh: Taking precautions; Because exiting prayer and repeating ablution is better for the praying person if he is able to do so, according to the Almighty’s saying: (So fear Allah as much as you are able) [Al-Taghabun: 16]. God knows

The research deals with: (Interpretation of the beginning of Surat Al Ma'idah with readings above fourteen) And the readings over fourteen are except for the fourteen well-known readings. and the study aims to collect such readings from their sources and from the explanatory books the meaning of the Qur 'an, and hence its meaning, and its impact on the context, Some of these readings were certain of the meaning, including what was meant by the meaning. Some of them broadened the meaning, including what was different from Arabic languages, One meaning, some of the readings were confirmed by contextual meanings, and in general, all that was said in them were diversity by giving the same meaning in a number of ways.

The aim of the current research is to identify the level of friendship among primary school students in the city of Mosul, and to identify individual differences in the level of friendship according to the variables of gender (males, females) , and school grade (The second, The third, The fourth, The fifth) ,The researchers relied on the descriptive approach , and the research population consisted of (271486) male and female students for the academic year (2022-2023) ,The researchers chose a stratified random sample of (208) male and female students , with a ratio of (0.002) , The number of males was (104) and the number of females was (104) , distributed according to the variables of gender , and academic grade , The researchers relied on the synthesis approach , because they did not find a theory at the core of the subject that could be relied upon in constructing the friendship test , For the purpose of achieving the research objectives , the two researchers built a friendship test, which may consist of three main areas (the area of self-focus , the contractual or social area , and the psychological or internal area) , The researchers was able to verify the validity and reliability of the test items, and the apparent validity was verified by presenting it , It was conducted on a group of experts and arbitrators, and its discriminatory power was extracted, in addition to the correlation coefficient between the score of each item and the total score of the test , Thus , the test in its final form consisted of (24) items,The reliability coefficient of the test was calculated using the inter-rater reliability method , The reliability coefficient of this method reached (0.799) degrees, in addition to the Kbauder-Richardson method ,The reliability coefficient in this method reached (0.862) degrees , and after processing the data using statistical methods , the results showed that primary school students in the city of Mosul enjoy a high level of friendship , in addition to the absence of statistically significant differences between students in the level of friendship depending on the geographical gender variable (males, females) , and school grade (The second, The third, The fourth, The Fifth), in light of these results , the researchers came to a set of proposals, which are as follows:
1 - Conducting a study on the relationship of the concept of friendship with other concepts such as: self-confidence, methods of treating parents , and anxiety Academic achievement, social status, economic level, etc .
2 - Conducting a study that addresses the concept of friendship among other groups, such as teenagers or university students .

This research explores identity formation in the works of Ahmed Bakheet, shedding light on the cultural and social influences that have shaped and evolved his identity. It analyzes Bakheet's works in comparison with his personal and cultural experiences, highlighting the factors that impact the themes of his literary works. Additionally, it delves into the relationship between the author's identity and the cultural and social context in which he grew up, deepening our understanding of how these factors influence his social critique and the subjects of his works. The research also provides detailed critical analyses of the concepts of identity and belonging in Bakheet's works. Ahmed Bakheet, a prominent Egyptian author, reflects his personal and cultural experiences and the spirit of contemporary Arabic poetry in his works. He addresses social issues such as national identity, migration, society, power, and poverty. Bakheet draws on his diverse cultural background, merging Arab and global heritage to offer a unique and profound perspective on the social and cultural transformations in Egypt and the Arab world. This sheds light on the tensions and transformations individuals undergo in their search for identity. Overall, this research provides a comprehensive view of the factors shaping Ahmed Bakheet's identity as a writer and a personality, and how they influence his literary works and interaction with the surrounding society and culture.

With this, the research aims to identify transactional leadership and its relationship to job rotation among middle school principals from the point of view of their teachers The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method, and the research community consisted of male and female middle school teachers in the city of Mosul for the academic year (2023 (2024). The number of teachers in the middle schools of the city of Mosul, both its right and left sides, reached (2630) male and female teachers. The research sample consisted of (350) male and female teachers. In middle schools in the city of Mosul, in order to achieve the research objectives, this required constructing a scale of transactional leadership, and building a scale of job rotation, and after verifying the validity and reliability of the research tools, the tools became in their final form consisting of (30) items for the scale of transactional leadership, development scale, the research tools were applied to the basic research sample for the period from (12/21/2023) until (12/28/2023), after collecting the data and analyzing it statistically using the Statistical Portfolio for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program through the use of the second test. For one sample, the t-test for two independent samples, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the Cronbach's alpha.

Women, as a weapon, have been taken to make use of by the enemies of Islam so as to attack this true religion. They devoted most of their fierce attacks to Qur’anic verses and the noble Prophetic hadiths. Among those hadiths, there are the hadiths of (rational and religious deficiency), in which the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, directed these words to women, and they accused him and began to criminalize him under the pretext of persecuting, degrading, and disdaining women, and degrading their rational and religious dignity. They have tried to prove this suspicion by holding seminars and debates, occupying various media outlets for them, and rejoicing in it, imagining that they had found something that distorted Islam in what was in Islam. This research has refuted their false suspicions from the perspective of ancient, recent, and contemporary scholars, and even from fair-minded Orientalists and the medical side. Perfection is only for God, the Highest, the Greatest.

Islamic law gives women all marital rights. They have the right to dowry, aliment, good relations, and the right to consent. Parents do not have the right to force her to marry a person she has no desire for. These are rights specific to Islamic law. However, international agreements focus on abolishing all of these rights, so they work to end dowry, alimony, and lack of consent. Guardian: All the agreements establish is absolute equality between men and women in all rights and duties.

The research aims to study one of the purposes of linguistic Fnqulat in AI-Khasais book of Ibn Jinni’s (D: 329 AH) proving linguistic judgments. Which is the purpose of proving linguistic judgments. Fnqulat does not include all chapter of AI-Khasais, but rather it applies to what constitutes a problematic issue. Accordingly, our research will be include: an introduction and three demands: The first:deal with the Fnqulat concept, the second: Explaine the Fnqulat benefits and the last demand: Explains the purpose of proving linguistic judgments followed by conclusion showing the most prominent of results, finally, a list of sources and references.

The aim of the research is to identify the level of positive orientation toward life among second-grade intermediate students in the city of Mosul and to identify the implications of statistical differences in the level of positive orientation toward life according to the variables of gender and geographical location. The research sample consisted of (1540) male and female students who were chosen by an equal stratified random method from intermediate schools in (west and left side)of Mosul city (for males and females). The two researchers adopted the (Zaki, 2022) scale consisting of (23) items and verified its validity and reliability. The data was processed using the Statistical Portfolio for Social Sciences (SPSS), The two researchers came up with the following results:
1- Second-grade intermediate students in the city of Mosul have a high level of positive orientation towards life.
2- There is a statistically significant difference in the level of positive orientation towards life according to the gender variable (males - females) in favor for females.
3- There is a statistically significant difference in the level of positive orientation towards life according to the geographical location variable (right-left side of Mosul city ) in favor of the right side.
In light of the results:
1- 1- The two researchers recommended to the responsible authorities in the Mosul Education Directorate and school administrations the necessity of activating the role of the educational guide in guiding students towards a positive orientation towards life, especially for male students and for students in left-side schools.
2- The two researchers proposed conducting the following study (designing a counseling program according to Seligman's theory to develop a positive orientation toward life among male students from schools on the left side).

This research deals with the partial purpose of provisions and camels in the Hajj of the poor according to Imam Al-Kamal Ibn Al-Hammam. I followed the inductive and analytical approach, and I divided the research into an introduction and two sections. The first topic: - I made it to introduce the vocabulary of the title, and it included five demands. The first topic: defining the purposes of Sharia law, The second requirement: Definition of the partial purposes. The third requirement: Introduction to Ibn al-Hammam. The fourth requirement: Definition of food and equipment. The fifth requirement: Definition of Hajj. The second topic includes: The partial purpose of stipulating food and food supplies in the Hajj of the poor is to facilitate this issue. This issue was studied and arranged according to Three stages: documenting Ibn Al-Hammam’s words, then studying the issue, and finally concluding with a brief summary of the issue. Then I ended the research with a conclusion, which included the most important results I reached, then I mentioned the most important sources and references that I relied on in this research .

Prose continued to develop and many literary genres emerged from it, dominated by the novel, which turned into a literary genre. To provide the necessary conditions that he needs, and this dominance and authority that the novel enjoyed made it an incubator for literary genres close to it, including: the epistle, which formed with the novel a new genre called (the epistolary novel). The epistolary novel is derived from two ancient literary genres: one of them is ancient, which is the epistle. The last hadith is the narration. Accordingly, the epistolary novel is a narrative text consisting of a group of letters that follow a narrative path, and its peculiarity is evident in the fact that it lacks dialogue between the characters, and describes ideas, feelings, and sensations. Instead of the conflict that takes place in the life of the hero, we find that the scenes may be summarized and some memories and openings presented in them. They are often shorter than those written in a traditional novel, and the writer uses the “I” pronoun, which enables him to access the depths and thoughts of the character in the literary work, and gives the narrator the option of keeping some details for another time, The research is based on the novel “City of Allah” by Hassan Hamid, as a pure model that represents the epistolary novel It gives a comprehensive overview of the topic.

The study aims to reveal the role of the semamtic coincidemce the text in the verses of scenes of torment, The semamtic coincidemce is the meaning that links the surahs of the Holy Qur’an with its sections and verses. Dae to a close relatm between them, The study begins with an introduction, then the semamtic coincidemce in the scenes in two topics: The first part came to talk about the semamtic coincidemce between the scenes in general, The second part clarifies the correspondence between the verses of one scene, Firauy, the stady Concludes that the most important results reached by the resarcher, then a list of references.

The current research aims to study the impact of the response method on the psychometric properties of the psychological hardness scale among university students and to achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers applied the psychological hardness scale prepared by the researchers consisting of (42) items with three answer alternatives in the style of verbal attitudes (a, b, c) The sample of statistical analysis to extract the psychometric properties consisted of (432) male and female students The scale validity coefficient was calculated in two ways, the virtual honesty by presenting it to a group of experts in the field of psychometrics and by Indicators of the sincerity of the construction of the coefficients of the sincerity of the Items calculated through the correlation coefficient between the degree of the Items and the degree of the field and were all honest and the average of their calculation (0.367) and the coefficient of discrimination Items calculated in the manner of the two extreme groups and all Items were distinctive and the average of their calculation was (5,643) so the scale was considered validity, and the coefficient of stability of the scale was calculated by Alpha Cronbach its value (0.723), which is a high value, and the experimental approach was adopted with the design of repeated measurements, and in order to achieve the objectives of the research applied the scale to a sample Of the university students (120) male and female students from the College of Basic Education - University of Duhok, for the academic year (2021-2022), in two ways, the first is paper and pencil and the second electronic remotely. One of the most important results recorded statistically significant differences in the coefficients distinguish Items in favor of the electronic method for and recorded statistically significant differences between the coefficients of the validity of Items and in favor of the electronic method remotely, and no statistically significant differences were recorded between the coefficients of stability of Items.

The current study aimed to identify the degree of innovative leadership practice among female secondary school principals in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah
A descriptive survey method was utilized, and a questionnaire was employed as a data collection tool to achieve the objectives of the study. The study population consisted of all female secondary school teachers in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, totaling 3312 female teachers, and the study sample comprised 344 female teachers selected using simple random sampling.
The study found several results, the most important of which are:
The degree of innovative leadership practice was generally high across all dimensions. In addition, the results indicated that the dimension of authenticity ranked highest, followed by flexibility dimension, with problem sensitivity coming in third. Lastly, fluency was found to be the least practiced dimension of innovative leadership among female secondary school principals in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah.

The horrific incident in which the Egyptian Minister of Culture, Youssef Al-Sibai, fell victim in the Cypriot capital, Nicosia, while attending the Sixth Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference on February 18, 1978, was nothing but a horrific chapter in the book of violence, whose pages included many Egyptian ministers who were victims of a series of assassinations and assassination attempts. Inside or outside Egypt, the research aims to shed light on the incident of the assassination of Youssef Al-Sibai, its causes and the planned organization, and the tragic military actions that accompanied that incident that cast their shadow on the political situation between the states of Egypt and Cyprus, not to mention the diplomatic disputes that this incident caused between the two countries.

Turkish History Gained Great Importance As A Result Of Events And Changes That Occurred In Europe That Later Affected The Ottoman Empire, As Awareness Of The Secular Understanding Of History Spread At The End Of The Eighteenth Century And Its Influence Continued Into The Nineteenth Century.
Among Those Influenced By This Process Was Konstantin Buzersky, Who Had An Important Role, In Turkish History, However, Little Of His Work Has Been Done In Turkey And In This Context, As Shown In The Study, Discussions About Ancient Turkish History Have Been Largely Shaped In Europe.
When Turkish Nationalism Emerged In The Lands Of The Ottoman Empire, A Number Of Linguistic And Historical Studies Appeared In Order To Adopt This Idea Among The Turks, At The Forefront Of Those Interested In These Studies Were A Number Of Orientalists, The Most Important Of Whom Was Konstantin Pozersky.
He Worked Closely To Study Turkish Nationalism, Put Forward His Ideas About It, And Played An Important Role In He Spread It Among The Turks, As This Thought Had Its Pioneers And Adopters Among The Ottoman Turks, Motivated By The Conditions That The Ottoman Empire Was Experiencing At The Beginning Of The Nineteenth Century, Including Separatist Movements, War Losses, Loss Of Lands, And Deterioration In Economic Conditions, Not To Mention The Role Of Western Writers And Orientalists In Calling For Turkish Nationalism And Work.
To Prepare Minds And Minds For It, And At A Time When Nationalism Did Not Exist Among The Ottoman Turks Until The Arrival Of Turkish Immigrants, Who Played A Major Role In Educating The Turks Of The Ottoman Empire About Turkish Nationalism.

The study investigated the Effectiveness of Learning Management System (LMS) For Learning among Undergraduates in Osun State University as Occasioned by Covid-19 Pandemic. The study is a descriptive study; a total number of 270 respondents were used. The instrument for data collections was inventory and was inventory and was structured by the researcher for data collection and reliability level was 0.75. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics specifically mean, standard deviation, frequency counts and Person Product Moment Correlation (PPCM). The findings of the study revealed that LMS provide students with time and place flexibility during COVID-19, LMS make students to study often due to the availabilities of the materials online, LMS has a completive advantage on the interest of students towards learning during COVID-19, LMS make student to learn on their own without attending lecture, LMS improve quality education during COVID-19, Student-lectures used LMS efficiently, LMS promotes individual learning and others. Also, the study has revealed that if there is no significant difference in students’ perception and attitude towards the use LMS for learning based on gender of the effectiveness of LMS for learning based on gender. As a result of the findings in this study, this can strengthen the literatures of LMS. It is strongly suggested to find different variables or specified the brand of LMS such as Google Classroom, Moodle, Edmodo, Schoology, and etc. So, it can be checked through the experiments or correlation or impacts of LMS in teaching-learning process.