Al-Fatih journal

The impact of the overlapping waves strategy in the development of the HTTP fifth grade in literary history students thinking

Salma Majeed Hameed
Abstract:
The research paper aims at the realization of the familiarization with The Effect of strategy of overlapping waves in the development of the multiple thinking by the fifth-class students / Literary branch in the subject of \\\'history\\\'. To attain this goal, the researcher has formulated the following zero hypotheses:
The research sample comprises (46) students intentionally selected from Al-Hasan Ibn Ali Secondary school for boys, whose students, i.e. (21 students) has formed the experimental sample. Another sample is taken from Jamal Abd-il-Nasser preparatory school; it totals (25) students forming the control group. The two groups have been subjected to a process through which they are compared to come up with the variables (the pre-tests multiple thinking and the cultivation of the parents, and the score obtained at the subject of history for the previous academic year. The tool adopted by the researcher involves the test of multiple thinking prepared by Al-Jumaili in 2014. This test comprises ten activities within the specified capabilities set by (Cleford), (fluency and flexibility, authenticity, sensitivity to problems and the realization of details and the redundancy). The researcher has used the T-test for two interrelated samples and the K-square as statistic means. The results have proved the excellence of the experimental group over the control-group students in the multiple thinking test. Moreover, there appears to be a difference statistically calculated at the level (0.5) between the two pre- and post- tests for the multiple thinking by the experimental-group students, and in the interest of the post-test. There also appears a statistically calculated difference by the control- group students.
The researcher has come up with these recommendations:
1. Training courses ought to be held to train the teachers how to use modern strategies and methods in teaching of history which all develop multiple thinking.
2. The output of teaching should be improved, especially by using new strategies based upon learning through thinking especially the strategy of overlapping waves as the researcher has come up with the following proposal:
1. New strategies ought to aim at the new approaches aiming at the development of multiple thinking.
2. Strategies and new teaching patterns ought to be developed.
3. The trial of the overlapping-wave strategies and the other variables such as the final attainment, the thinking and researching as well as the habits of reasoning and memorization skills and others.
Keyword: waves, overlapping waves, multiple thinking
Asst. Prof.. Salma Majeed Hameed, (Ph.D.)

Abstract:
The research aims to identify the impact of the teaching style of controversial issues in the development of scientific thinking for the students of the Faculty of Basic Education, the researcher used the experimental design a partial seizure and The pretest and posttest Division chose (b) to represent the experimental group taught style of controversial issues, and represented the Division (a) Group The officer who teaches the traditional way the number of students (71) by (35) called for each division. The reward the two groups in the variables: chronological age, intelligence and test scientific thinking, researcher prepared test scientific thinking was to verify the authenticity tool by using test t-test for data processing, the results showed superiority of the experimental group that studied the style of controversial issues in the development of scientific thinking, the researcher recommended using style controversial issues in teaching.

Abstract :
This study aims at investigating the effect of the type of evaluation according to the time of performance (initial, formative and summative) on the achievement of the female students of the second intermediate grade in the subject of mathematics.
The researchers have chosen a sample of the female students of the second intermediate grade from Al Maghfira Intermediate School for Girls. The sample was divided into three experimental groups: the first one is taught according to the initial evaluation, the second one is taught according to formative evaluation, while the third one used summative evaluation.
The three groups were equalized in the variables of age, and previous achievement. Then, an achievement test containing 10 multiple choice items with four options each was designed. The test psychometric characteristics of the test were assessed like validity, reliability, and the reliability and discrimination of the wrong options.
One-way ANOVA and Scheff'e Test ware used as statistical devices for result extraction. The results showed the following:
1. There is a statically significant variation on the level 0.05 between the achievement of the female students of the first experimental group which is exposed to initial evaluation and the achievement of the second experimental group which is exposed to formative evaluation in favor of the second experimental group.
2. There is a statically significant variation on the level 0.05 between the achievement of the female students of the first experimental group which is exposed to initial evaluation and the achievement of the third experimental group which is exposed to summative evaluation in favor of the first experimental group.
3. There is no statically significant variation on the level 0.05 between the achievement of the female students of the second experimental group which is exposed to formative evaluation and the achievement of the third experimental group which is exposed to summative evaluation.
In the light of the results of the study, the researchers recommended the following:
1. The submission of students to the various achievement tests for their effect on the achievement of them.
2. The necessity of preparing the teachers of mathematics in a way that enables them to use all the types of educational evaluation.

Abstract :
The process of acquiring and learning the basic skills in any sport is regarded the cornerstone to get to reach high levels. There are various approaches and tools assisting in the learning process, among them is the specific areas method as it helps in the skillful performance in small areas within a playfield which are so much similar to those used in playing, and, in turn, this method enriches the skillful performance of a learner in concordance with the requirements of bodily, kinetic and planning performance of the game. The significance of the study stems from the fact that basic skills in football are the firm and important bases in bringing football out to young aged beginners in school sports as it is considered the main source of provision to clubs and national teams reaching up to high levels. The study results displayed that there are significant differences in testing the two skills of dribbling and deception among sample members which asserts the efficacy of this approach in learning and performing both skills.

Abstract:
This research aims at identifying the kindergarden children prefered colours through their games according to the variable type .The sample of this research contains (200)male child and female child from the children in the preschool class in the second Rusafa Directorate for the academic year (2014/2015) .To achieve the aim of this research is to prepare a list of games,and two games has been choosen (car for boys and Dummy of girls )depending on the major colours (red, yellow , blue ,and green)to test the Luscher of colours .we reached to:
1- The sample in general (boys and girls) preferred the red colour.
2- There was no statistic differences through the prefered colour in the kindergarden children through the games according to the variable types in the colour red and yellow.
3- There are statistic differences in the prefered colours in the kindergarden children through their games according to the variable types in the colour green for boys and blue for girls.

Abstract :
This paper is synopsized in identifying the functional constructivism relied on by Doctor Shakir Mustapha Saleem and employed it in his anthropological study of a village in the south of Iraq (al-Jabayish). This study, which is conducted by Doctor Saleem, is written according to the approach of the anthropological school that is known as the British Functional School of Anthropology.
Doctor Saleem (1919-1985) was the first Iraqi scholar to specialize in Anthropology. Thanks to his efforts, teaching this science was included for the first time in the College of Arts/ University of Baghdad. Al-Jabayish vellege is the good example to be included in such a dissertation which is submitted by doctor Saleem to London University in 1955. It was first published (in Arabic) in two parts; the first was published in 1956 and the second in 1957.
In the first section, the researcher dealt with the preliminary references of functional constructivism, the second tackled the principal issues in functional constructivism, while the third is allotted to an identification of Doctor Saleem, the first pioneer of Anthropology in Iraq. The fourth section is dedicated to the study and analysis of the functional constructivism of doctor Saleem (al-Jabayish as a Model).
Finally, the paper comprised a conclusion which included an analytical study of the functional constructivism adopted by Doctor Saleem in his study of al-Jabayish as well as the most significant censures to the style he adopted. It is worth noting that this paper has shed light on the functional constructivism employed by Doctor Saleem in his study of al-Jabayish community.

Abstract :
This study aims at reveal the scholastic adjustment of the Education college students , Omdurman Islamic university in light of followed variables: gender (female/male) specialization (science/art) academic levels (first/ second/ third/ forth) ages and living type (internal/external), The researchers used descriptive correlated method and the sample of the study are students of Education college Omdurman Islamic university. The study consist of 396 students, 208 male and 188 female, the study sample selected form the orison society through what is known as random simple sample. The researchers used scholastic adjustment test of Mahmmoud EL zayadi as tool for collection data and the researchers used many methods of statistical remedial as: (T) test for the average of one sample, (T) test for two different samples , person correlation, The one way anova analysis.
The study reached to the following results: Scholastic adjustment for Omdurman Islamic university Education college students is high, There is differences which has statistical Signal In the Scholastic adjustment related to sex variable, There is correlation which has statistical signals between age variable and Scholastic adjustment , There is differences which has statistical signals in the Scholastic adjustment related to specialization variable for arts benefit, There is differences which has statistical signals in the Scholastic adjustment according to levels for benefitize of high level (Third/Forth) , There is differences which has statistical signals in the Scholastic adjustment related to living variable for external living benefit, and At the end this study the researchers put groups of recommendations and suggestions for the future study in the same field.

Abstract
This study aims at eliciting the educational connotations of the verses which begin with "Dost Thou not See" in a total number of (31) verses in the Holy Quran . The deductive approach is adopted. Next, after consulting a group of explication books, the verses were objectively divided into five divisions; universal, educational, social, historical and humanistic. After that, each verse was explicated so as to deduce types of seeing in it then finding out the educational connotations of each division separately.
Moreover, it is recognized via the research that these glorious verses conveyed various types of seeing as; tangible, mental, sentimental, consecutive, historical and humanistic. It is also noticed that these verses are pregnant with educational connotations, some of them are in the various fields of education like the mental, sentimental and the moral. Furthermore, they guide the addressee to delve into the scopes of the human soul, the universe, history and sociology. It is worth noting that these verses are in the interrogative form because this form is more instigating diligence, attention and attentiveness. They carry a state of exclamation and focus on events and issues mentioned in them as well as referring to transcendental issues. The most significant prefix in the form of "Dost Thou not See" is that which is not seen by the addressee to connote the notion that Allah's speech in the verse is far more truthful than the eyesight which might get frail or decrepitude.

Abstract :
The study aims at identifying the relationship between the satisfaction with guiding work and the level of ambition. To fulfill the objectives of the study, the scale of the satisfaction with the guiding work and the level of ambition was adopted by the two researchers. The researchers built this scale on a sample consisting of 140 educational instructors. They also extracted the psychometric properties of the two scales. After treating the data statistically using the link of the Pearson coefficient and the T-test for one or two samples, the results showed that there is no satisfaction with the work from the side of the two instructors, and that there are differences of statistical significance on the level of satisfaction according to the variable in favor of females. The results showed also that the level of the instructor's ambition was average, and there are no differences of statistical significance in the level of ambition according to variable type, and there is mutual relations between satisfaction the guiding work and the level of ambition.

Abstract :
study aimed to recognize the relationship Gratitude and personal happiness and to recognize the differences between the genders, according to the variable of Gratitude and personal happiness , the sample consisted (202) students ,(106) female (96) male , and the sample responded scales of Gratitude and personal happiness, The Results of this study show that: the sample has a high degree Gratitude and personal happiness, there are no statistically significant differences according to gender variable in Gratitude and personal happiness, and there are statistically significant differences according to the age variable in Gratitude and older favor , but there are no statistically significant in personal happiness, and there are no statistically significant relationship between the variables of the study

Abstract :
The Human being is different from all other creatures because he is a gifted creature packed with self- knowledge. This self- knowledge enables him to choose the career that qualifies him to achiever his existence. In return, this career-choice will allow him to achieve his social status. Kindergarten teachers are one of the most important characters influencing a human being’s life because the can contribute to the type of future possibilities of the generation raised by these teachers. Thus, importance of this research comes from the previously mentioned fact.
This importance becomes more articulate bearing in mind that the other variable that this research is trying to know is the compatibility of these kindergarten teachers with their professions, and this is one of the most important and most clear criteria in the teacher. Feeling the social status and professional compatibility is the factor of separation in judging or deciding on a real teacher who gives her job its right due if he/she has both status and compatibility, and another teacher who lacks status and compatibility. The current study aims at the following:
Measuring the social status of kindergarten teachers.
Measuring the professional compatibility of kindergarten teachers.
Knowing the connection between the social status and professional compatibility of kindergarten teachers.
In order to accomplish the goals of the current research the researchers relied on building a scale of measuring the social status of a kindergarten teacher. After having the qualities of creditability, consistency, and the ability to distinguish this measuring scale in its final form consisted of 40 items. The researchers also applied professional compatibility scale that was prepared by (Fajhan 2010) which consisted of (50) items in its finals form after having the qualities of creditability, consistency, and the ability to distinguish.
To accomplish the researcher’s goals the researchers applied both measuring scales on a pilot sample group of (235) kindergarten teachers distributed on (24) kindergartens in Sulaymaniyah city. The data was later analysed with the aid of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and the findings were as the following:
Kindergarten teachers in Sulaymaniyah city are highly aware of their social status that the arithmetic average for the teachers was (141.221) compared to the estimated average that is (120).
The professional compatibility for kindergarten teachers in Sulaymaniyah city in very high that the arithmetic average for these teachers was (177.653) compared to the estimated average that is (150).
There is a (direct) positive relationship of statistical nature between the social status and professional compatibility, and the correlative coefficient between them is (0.817).
After discussing the outcomes of the current study the researcher proposed some recommendation to the entities involved in the matter.

Abstract :
This study aimed to construct the hope scale in the students of the intermediate stage in Baquba district . The population of the study consisted of (8057) and the sample was (400) students. The instrument validity was verified by using two methods , which are the content validity ( judges' validity) and construct validity. Also the instrument reliability was proved through two methods, that are the retest method and internal consistency by using Cronbach’s Alphas equation . The results showed acceptable significances of validity and reliability for this type of scales.
Recommendations:
The researchers recommended the following points :
1- The educational conductors should make use of the scale conducted by the two researchers in their present research for measuring the hope in the students of the intermediate stage.
2- The schools measurement should be assured to provide the programs and entertain activities that enforced the spirit of hope in students during the studying year in a general form.
Suggestions :
Te recent research, the researchers suggested to carry out the following studies:
1- Conducting more studies similar to the present study on certain samples (like: patients, divorced women)
2- Conducting a study similar to this on other studying stages such as secondary stage and making a comparison between it and the present study.

Abstract
The great scientific development which the world has witnessed in the latest period and the development that involved different fields and sciences are due to the use of the modern and developed procedures in order to achieve the desires and aims. Therefore, the athletic field has witnessed a noticeable development through the progress in the sport levels. This resulted from the attention paid to the students which are according to scientific principles and ways which in turn can help them to achieve the best achievements in the least possible effort by using the modern training procedures and programmed - accurate planning. The sport of gymnastics is one of the individual games that requires special characteristics and requirements and its performance is distinguished by the accuracy , smartness , and beauty. At the same time, it needs to high physical, skilled , and motor characteristics. Accordingly, the problem of this research is the inadequacy of the teaching methods which are followed (traditional) and their weak effect on the level of learning and performance. Also, they do not meet the needs of the progress occurred in this field and they do not depend on the principle of the individual differences among the learners. In addition, the importance of the research is the necessity of helping the learners and initiators during learning the athletic skills by using the feedback inside the teaching units for developing the basic sides of the motor learning such as the skilled, physical, and motor sides of the two skills of front Ro and human wheel on the balance beam device. Because of its importance that contributes and run the development of the motor learning of the athletic skills generally and the skills of the artistic gymnastics game specifically.
The researcher used the empirical method because it suites the nature of the problem. The population of the study was a sample that included second grade female-students from the college of sport education / university of Diyala . The sample was (40) female-students representing the original population. After applying the statistical analysis (SPSS program) the results showed that the ( video) feedback exercises effected positively on the performance of the skills of front Ro and human wheel on the balance beam device which was under the study. The researcher concluded that there must a necessity of using the method of (feedback) by the teacher during teaching any motor skill because it helps to expend the learner's recognition which in turn facilities the process of learner's learning and the development of the motor performance .

Abstract :
Chapter One (Introduction):
Individuals who are in charge of training continually seek modern approaches and methods. Therefore, the two researchers made use of functional power exercises that are laboring to train the muscular groups joining in performance in diverse method that is suiting the development explosive force and speed characterized strength of legs and, in turn, improving achievement.
Aims of the Study:
- Setting functional power exercises to develop the explosive and speed characterized forces of legs and long jump achievement of young females.
- Identifying the effect of functional exercises in developing functional and speed characterized forces of legs and long jump achievement of young females.
Hypothesis:
- Functional power exercises have positive effect on developing the explosive and speed characterized forces of legs and long jump achievement of young females.
Scope of the Study:
- Human Scope: a sample of Diyala General Directorate of Education Team female players.
- Periodic Scope: the period of time from jan.15.2015 to April.15.2015.
- Spatial Scope: Diyala Stadium.
Chapter Two (Theoretical Studies):
The concepts and principles of (Functional Power Exercises), its significance, stages, in addition to the concept of (explosive and speed characterized forces), long jump, technical phases of the game and previous literature.
Chapter Three (Methodology and Procedures):
The researchers delineated the experimental method in dealing with the sample of the study which is consisting of (5) female players who were deliberately selected. The researchers, then, started the pre-test for the study group followed by applying the approach that is comprising functional power exercises on the experimental group of study for the period of (8) weeks, (3) training units per week. After being done with the training method, a post-test was made to identify differences.
Chapter Four (Results Analysis & Discussion):
In this chapter, results of the study are shown, analyzed and discussed in the light of the differences found between the pre and post tests. Results of the explosive and speed characterized forces of legs as well as players' achievements in long jump are shown. Afterwards, they were scientifically discussed depending on academic sources and references.
Chapter Five (Conclusions & Recommendations):
In the light of the study results, the researchers figured out the following conclusions:
1. Functional Power training assisted in developing explosive and speed characterized forces of legs.
2. Functional power training helped in improving long jump achievements among young female players.
Recommendations:
1. The necessity to use functional power exercises to develop the explosive and speed characterized forces of legs.
2. Adopting functional power exercises in a way that is similar to skill performance to comprise training of working muscles.
3. Making use of this study by the Iraqi Athletics Federation and in training of teams.

Abstract :
Chapter One (Introduction):
Individuals who are in charge of training continually seek modern approaches and methods. Therefore, the two researchers made use of functional power exercises that are laboring to train the muscular groups joining in performance in diverse method that is suiting the development explosive force and speed characterized strength of legs and, in turn, improving achievement.
Aims of the Study:
- Setting functional power exercises to develop the explosive and speed characterized forces of legs and long jump achievement of young females.
- Identifying the effect of functional exercises in developing functional and speed characterized forces of legs and long jump achievement of young females.
Hypothesis:
- Functional power exercises have positive effect on developing the explosive and speed characterized forces of legs and long jump achievement of young females.
Scope of the Study:
- Human Scope: a sample of Diyala General Directorate of Education Team female players.
- Periodic Scope: the period of time from jan.15.2015 to April.15.2015.
- Spatial Scope: Diyala Stadium.
Chapter Two (Theoretical Studies):
The concepts and principles of (Functional Power Exercises), its significance, stages, in addition to the concept of (explosive and speed characterized forces), long jump, technical phases of the game and previous literature.
Chapter Three (Methodology and Procedures):
The researchers delineated the experimental method in dealing with the sample of the study which is consisting of (5) female players who were deliberately selected. The researchers, then, started the pre-test for the study group followed by applying the approach that is comprising functional power exercises on the experimental group of study for the period of (8) weeks, (3) training units per week. After being done with the training method, a post-test was made to identify differences.
Chapter Four (Results Analysis & Discussion):
In this chapter, results of the study are shown, analyzed and discussed in the light of the differences found between the pre and post tests. Results of the explosive and speed characterized forces of legs as well as players' achievements in long jump are shown. Afterwards, they were scientifically discussed depending on academic sources and references.
Chapter Five (Conclusions & Recommendations):
In the light of the study results, the researchers figured out the following conclusions:
1. Functional Power training assisted in developing explosive and speed characterized forces of legs.
2. Functional power training helped in improving long jump achievements among young female players.
Recommendations:
1. The necessity to use functional power exercises to develop the explosive and speed characterized forces of legs.
2. Adopting functional power exercises in a way that is similar to skill performance to comprise training of working muscles.
3. Making use of this study by the Iraqi Athletics Federation and in training of teams.

Abstract :
This study aims at evaluating the performance of teaching staff members in the department of history, college of basic education in the light of historical Thinking. The study sample consisted of 20 male and female teaching staff members from the College of Basic Education, Department of History in the academic year 2014-2015. The study instrument that aided the researcher was the questionnaire because it is an important device to introduce the responders to organized and carefully chosen stimulations. Accordingly, the researcher prepared a list of the needed skills consisted of 27 items distributed to five aspects. The results were analyzed ysing the appropriate statistical devices (Chi Square, Cronbach Formula Alpha, Weighted Mean Equation).
The most important results that the researcher reached at are: The first aspect (time sequence) includes six items that were all applicable by teaching staff by the skills of historical thinking from the study sample's perspective.
The second aspect (historical understanding and comprehension) includes six items that were all applicable by teaching staff by the skills of historical thinking from the study sample's perspective.
The study recommended that approval of the historical thinking skills that were identified in the study to be utilized in the evaluation of teaching staff members in the department of history. Teaching staff members need to pay attention to continuous development and enhancement of teaching performance to ensure quality and distinction.
The researcher concluded the adequacy of teaching staff members in using historical thinking skills as well as the weakness of some members in using teaching strategies that develop historical thinking skills like brainstorming, problem-based teaching, cooperative learning, and active learning etc.

Abstract:
The problem of the current research Is determined by the (known as the effectiveness of an educational unit for the development performance skills in drawing students to the foreseeable middle school). The goal of research is to prepare the educational unit to develop a perspective drawing medium schools in the city of Baquba center Diyala provinee and to know the effect module on the level of development of intermediate school students in drawing perspective. The situations of the researcher are to purpose zero hypothesis, are: (There is no statistical difference at a level of significance (0.05) between the average marks acquisition skills for students of the experimental group according to their performance on the skills test components Before- after, in drawing perspective) f determines Choose students from intermediate stage schools to spend the city of Baquba center (Diyala province) - Benin, for the academic year (2014-2015). And limits of the substantive material of perspective within the vocabulary prepared by the Curriculum Committee in the Iraqi Ministry of Education.
In research procedures, the study applied to the sample after doing several stages, including stage preparation and design tools research and Procedures validity and reliability of the search tool (prepared by the researcher), and for the preparation of form to evaluate the performance skills to draw perspective and consisting of 10 paragraphs of the two samples, one reconnaissance report (20) students from the second stage students average among boys' schools in the district center of Baquba - Diyala province, and the other pilot of (60) students from the same school research samples, and after the application of statistical methods, search out a set of findings, conclusions and recommendations. The most important instruction unit prepared by researcher highly effective in improving the performance skills of the students perspective drawing the intermediate stage.

Abstract :
The success and happiness of a human being in life depend on some skills that have no relation with academic knowledge and degree rather than social intelligence, interaction, and relations with others because man cannot live in isolation from his society. He should understand their moods and personalities. All this is enlisted under social intelligence.
This study aims at building a scale for social intelligence for female preparatory students. For achieving that, the researcher built a scale for social intelligence that finally consisted of 36 items. The researcher has analyzed the items using two separate groups. Then, she checked face and constructive validity and consistency of the items. Using Cornbach formula alpha the stability was 0.76 and 0.86 using retesting method.
The scale was applied on a sample of 600 female students to assess their social intelligence. It was discovered that the sample has a social intelligence by comparing the actual medium which was 112.2083 with virtual medium which was 90. Finally, the researcher probosed a set of recommendations and suggestions.