Economic Sciences

The objective of this study is to measure the impact of exchange rate risk onthe returns of the investment portfolios. The study relied on a main hypothesis that the exchange rate risk does not affect the returns of the investment portfolios in the Iraqi market for securities. For the purpose of testing this hypothesis, monthly data are used for 14 investment portfolios for the period from December 2015 to November 2017 according to views of (36) months . The model of simple linear regression and multiple linear regression are used. The study finds that the sensitivity response of stock returns to nominal exchange rate fluctuations using the simple model is lower than the response of those returns to nominal exchange rate fluctuations using the multiple model. The logical explanation behind this is that the multiplex model takes into account the movements of the markets . The study recommends investors in the Iraqi market for securities to avoid non-scientific methods which based on intuition and guessing in the selection of the portfolio that employ their money in because these methods do not contribute to maximize their returns and reduce the risk of exchange, they exposed to

The problem of the research is represented by the lack of clear definition in understanding of the relations between the electronic marketing and the quality of the banking service, which is reflected positively on the customers satisfaction. This is what the researchers have perceived through their field visits and their coexistence of the reality Iraqi banks work with the existence of this problem. The features of electronic marketing activity may be not clear or prominent or framed purposefully, and even if they are existing, its role is not specific in studies aimed at activating this activity as it should, as well as it isn’t linked to the dimensions of the service banking quality, which makes the activity of banks does not keep pace with the evolution of the provision of banking services as it is for banks in developed countries. Because e-marketing is of modern subjects raised in the marketing thought, the researchers have confronted to link the two variable and to know the extent of their application in the Iraqi private banks. The researchers also seeks to achieve a number of objectives such as setting criteria for measuring the level of electronic marketing activity and quality of banking service as well as finding the relationship and impact between electronic marketing and the quality of banking service. The study includes a sample survey of (164) employees in (16) Iraqi private banks. The study reaches a number of conclusions, including the existence of a relationship and Impact between the electronic marketing and the quality of banking service in the studied banks.

Privatization is one of the means that used to reduce share of the public sector in an economy through a number of procedures that could be taken by the central government in order to reduce the governmental expenditure and deficit in the public budget and balance of payment, and then decreasing twin deficits. This can be achieved via inciting the international institutions for motivating the central governments to ease granting loans and raise the Iraqi creditworthiness that can assist borrowing from the international institutions or banks. As well as, facilitating and attracting foreign direct investment to Iraq. However, the purpose of this study
is to identify the effect of privatization in Basra governorate, where the qualitative approach is used supported by a scientific referred questionnaire which distributed to different segments of specialists in the electricity sectors, consumers under privatization and university of Basra professors. The sample has included 150 questionnaires of 118 questions that were ready to be analysed. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS is used to analyse data and the study hypothesis. The study found the presence of neutrality in Basra between supportive and refusers of privatization

The study is concerned with presenting the historical path to the development of concepts of economic, human and human development and their standards. It also deals with the analysis of the most important indicators of human development in Iran during the period studied, including per capita GNP. It also focused on the reality of spending on the health and education sector in Iran during the said period. The study found that there is a positive relationship between the increase in per capita GDP and the value of the development index in Iran during the mentioned period. And that there is a direct relationship between the increase in the per capita share of the output and the value of the development index in Iran as well as the average years of study and life expectancy despite the decline in the expenditure on health and education, which proves the validity of the hypothesis of the study and prove that per capita GDP is more important Of other indicators

In this research we will treat fuzzy lifetime data that each value does not have minimum and maximum limitation which enable us to appoint the suitable belonging degrees but all lifetime data have minimum restriction which represent the beginning life time, and maximum one that represents the end of lifetime, This paper discussed two procedures to estimate the fuzzy reliability, Bayes procedure that includes the following :
1-Sample data are fuzzy and the prior distribution for parameter includes an un fuzzy parameter.
2- Sample data are fuzzy and the prior distribution for parameter includes a fuzzy parameter.
Employed the Rayleigh distribution form for sample data, and Gama distribution for the prier distribution for the parameter of Rayleigh distribution parameter in the data taken from the Nujaiba power station of the Ministry of Electricity and for two different values (2.1) for the primary distribution parameters of Gamma distribution, From the results obtained in the applied side, it was found that the first case of the Bayes method for α values (0.001,0.002,0.003) is relatively better than the other cases of the Bayes method in estimating the fuzzy reliability, and at α values (0.004,0.005,0.006, 0.007,0.008,0.009,0.01) The third case of the Bayes method is best than the other cases of the Bayes method in estimating the fuzzy reliability when the fuzzy sample data have membership degree a lower or equal to 0.001.

The purpose of this study was to test the relationship of influence the variables (job stress, organizational justice, job satisfaction, in Reduce deviant behavior). The hypotheses and the study plan were based on the previous studies. The study was conducted in Directorate General for the production of electric power in Basra. The questionnaire was used as a method for collecting data and the sample size reached (233) working individuals. Path analysis was used through the AMOS V.20 program to test hypotheses. The results showed that there is a direct and indirect positive effect of job stress in Reduce deviant behavior. There is no direct effect of organizational justice in Reduce deviant behavior, but there is indirect influence through the medium variable job satisfaction.

The research aims to identify the financial markets and their role in supporting the national economy, with a focus on the Iraqi market for securities and the extent of the participation of the sectors participating in the market through the volume of funds invested for these sectors.
The research dealt with measuring the impact of the financial crisis presented to Iraq for the period (2014-2017) on the activity of the Iraqi market for securities In terms of the volume of money traded for the sectors participating in the Iraqi market for securities and the extent of their contribution to the composition of GDP. The researcher adopted the quantitative approach in analyzing the relationship between indicators of financial markets and economic development by employing the comparative approach as mentioned above
The research reached a number of conclusions, including denying the hypothesis that the Iraqi market is not affected by the financial crises facing the country. The study proved the validity of the second hypothesis that there is a correlation between the size of the domestic product and volumes of funds traded for the sectors participating in the Iraqi market for securities.