JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

The research was concerned with preparation and characterization of
some esters (2-4) derived from atophan (2-phenyl cinchoninic acid). These
esters were converted to the corresponding carboxamide by their reaction
with ethylene diamine. This reaction may be follow either one of three path
ways. The first gives the monocarboxamide (5), whereas the second gives
the dicarboxamide (6), while the last one gives a heterocyclic product (7).
All the synthesized compounds, have been characterized by physical and
infrared and electronic spectral means.

Cobalt (II) complexes with mixed ligands including 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde semicarbazone (HBSCH) and esters of amino acids - A
{phenol glycine ester (GlyP), phenol alanine ester (AlaP), 2-aminophenol
glycine ester (GlyA) and 2-aminophenol alanine ester (AlaA)} have been
prepared and characterized by physical chemical techniques. General
formulaes [Co(HBSCH)(A)2(NO3)]NO3, [Co(HBSCH)(A)2(NO3)2],
[Co(HBSCH)2(A)(NO3)]NO3 and [Co(HBSCH)2(A)(NO3)2] have been
proposed for the complexes prepared in neutral medium. Whereas, the
Preparation and Characterization of Cobalt (II)- Complexes …
12
formulaes [Co(HBSC)(A)2] and [Co(HBSC)2(A)] have been proposed for
the complexes prepared in basic medium (where HBSC = deprotonated
HBSCH ligand). The study suggested that all the complexes had
octahedral geometries.

Laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the response
of 4th and 6th larval instars and 1week old adults Latheticus oryzae by
exposure for 24, 48, and 72 hour to wheat treated with different
concentrations of the three pyrethroids: ALPHACHEM® (5 EC),
TRUST® (25 WP) and DECIS® (20 EC). Based on the Lc50 values of
the three insecticides the result showed that 4th instar larvae were much
susceptible to the insecticides than the 6th instar larvae and adults. The
toxicities of insecticides increased (the values of Lc50 decreased ) as the
exposure period increased from 24 to 72 hour. Also th study showed that,
ALPHACEM and DECIS were more effective than TRUST.

This research drives at connecting information technology to
nursing. This is to be carried out by way of designing an educational site
for medical and nursing care to be performed post operative care to
patient on the internet.
The site's function is to expose various related windows (pages)
relevant to nursing care in post operative. The information to be projected
include data, texts, figures pics and animations which facilitate navigation
for the visitor and provide information which may save a lot of effort and
time devoted to book and reference searching.

Blood transfusion is the process of referring blood. Or blood –
based products from one person into the circulatory system of another
blood transfusion may treat medical condition. The blood bank is the
section of the lab that processes and distributes blood products under the
supervision of a medical director certified in transfusion medicine.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of storage for
varying periods on some haematological parameters.
The study include (120) blood sample admitted to Mosul Hospital
(Central Blood Bank of Mosul for Blood Donation), (60) of them as
normal donors and the other (60) received blood to treatment, in order to
evaluate the effect of these changes on the recipients after transfusion to
avoid transfusion complications as much as possible.
There is a highly significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration,
packed cell volume (P.C.V. %), and also decrease in total white blood
cell (W.B.C.) count and platelets.

In this paper, we report the recent progress made in the design and
development of a miniature solid-state system, consisting from a bar laser
diode and a slab of Nd:YAG crystal. Single longitudinal mode, stable
CW power output at 1064 nm wavelength has been demonstrated. An
ever power conversion efficiency was reached with an amount of 46.32%.
Bar laser diode of wavelength 803 nm, and power output up to 24 W was
used as a direct pumping device. Basic principles of operation and output
characteristics will be demonstrated by this proposed technique. Taking
the full advantages of the bar laser diode array, influencing the
mechanisms of excitation, amplification, and saturation in the crystal;
spectral emission, efficiency and beam quality can be tailored in the
experiment.

The γ-unstable O(6) limit of the interacting boson model IBM-1
has been applied successfully to determine the backbending in weakly
deformed 122-130 Ba even-even isotope. The application of this limit has
showed successes in determining the backbending in the energy levels of
the isotopes under consideration through the good coincidence with the
experimental results.

The influence of air hole radius on the numerical aperture, total
dispersion, effective area, and nonlinear coefficient for the photonic crystal
fibers are investigated. This study shows, when the pitch size and the
number of rings holes are held constant, the increasing of air hole radius up
to 0.8µm gives better coupling efficiency due to the increasing in numerical
aperture. The results show that the zero dispersion point is shifted toward
the shorter wavelength due to the increasing of air hole radius.
The Influence Of Hole Radius On The Properties Of Photonic …
77
Fig.1: Schematic illustration of the cross section and refractive index profile
for a step index optical fiber and index guiding photonic crystal fiber [2].
The PCF structure of 0.8 µm gives an effective area 10 µm2
,

nonlinear coefficient 16 km-1W-1 and zero dispersion at communication
wavelength 1.0µm. While the same structure gives negative dispersion 80
ps/(nm.km), effective area 8 µm
2
and nonlinear coefficient 19.8 km-1W-1 at
communication wavelength 0.8 µm of Ti-Za laser.

A theoretical analysis of the doping density level influence on the
output characteristics of GaAs/Al0.45Ga0.55As triple quantum well QCL
emitting at (λ=9 µm) is presented. The employed theoretical model was
based on Schrodinger equation analysis. Six different doping density
levels, have been used in this study to explain doping density level
influence on model gain as a function of wavelength and negative
differential resistance (NDR). In the conventionally employed high
doping regime, the wavelength shift to the shorter wavelength
furthermore to decrease of the peak gain value with doping density level
increase has been observed. The available current range before the
occurrence of the NDR reduced when the doping density level decrease
was found.

In this work the Interacting Boson Model IBM-1, DavydovFilippov (D-F) models and the Critical Point Symmetry X(5) have been
employed to study the energy levels and the reduced transition probability
B(E2) for the (N = 90) transitional nuclei 146Ba,148Ce,158Er and 160Yb in
the concepts of theoretical treatment. The best input parameters for the
above approaches which lead to the best fit to experimental data are
determined. The reduced transition probability B(E2) for the above nuclei
have been calculated in a relative and absolute scales by using the most
recent available experimental data.

A theoretical study was made of the pressure dependence of
lattice frequencies and distribution function for aluminum by analyzing
phonon frequency spectrum, using Grüneisen approximation and many
equations of state (EOS).
Each change in the specific volume of a crystal excites a change in
the frequencies of lattice vibration in a very complex manner . This work
shows how this complexity can be overcome at least approximately depending on Grüneisen approximation and Murnaghan , Birch- Murnaghan
and Vinet equations of state.

In this paper we give some properties of the zero commut
idempotent matrices ,and give some properties of non-singular matrices .

In this paper, we have developed a new formula which is more
suitable to the Barrier function and we have also investigated a new
hybrid algorithm of SD and VM formulas with exact line search in the
field of non-linear constrained optimization

In this paper we used successive approximate method (S.A.M.) to
solve Fredholm integral equation of the first kind (F.I.E.1st. K.) with
symmetric kernel. And also suggested an algorithm for this method the
computer programming is given for the algorithm. The method and
algorithm are tested on several numerical examples. After comparing the
results with exact solution see tables (1, 2), it occurred that the results are
good. (in this work Matlab programming used).

Azo dye is prepared by Diazoniom salt method derive from 4-
amino acetophenon and salicylic acid, the product compound is
Acetophenon-4, azo-N,4-salicylic acid which identified by infra red
spectra IR and the visible spectrum in acetone solvent.
A complex of azo dye with Ferrous is prepared and identified by
visible spectrum in acetone solvent and determined molecular ratio for
this complex by mole ratio method

Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab) is considered one of the important
agricultural pests that infests legumes in general and especially cowpea
and chickpea resulting devastating damages to these yields. Thus, the aim
of this study was to investigate the effect of microwave radiation with
energy levels of 260, 520 and 780 Watt, within periods of exposure of
30, 60 and 90 seconds on hatching, mortality percentages and the lifespan of this pest.
The percentage of mortality among the adults of Callosobruchus
maculatus that have hatched from radiation exposed eggs was 96.6,
96.6,90.0, 100.0, and 100.0 % for legume yield seeds, i.e. cowpea, chickpea, green pea, lentil and broad beans, respectively at the high levels of
radiation energy 780 Watt for 90 seconds compared with a control trail of
6.6, 50.0, 33.3, 76.6, and 86.6 %, respectively.

The experiment was conducted in plastic pots under wiry house
conditions to study the effect of soil treatment by sulphat copper
concentrations (150,100,75,50,25,0.0) mg /Kg soil on growth and some
physiological alterations of two Pea genotypes (Mammoth melting) and
(Thomas laxton).
These treatment caused significant reduction in growth plant,
degree of cell membrane stability, relative water content in the leaves,
concentrations of chlorophyll a,b , a+b , carbohydrate and protein in
leaves tissues. also notes asignificant increase in the proline
accumulation in the leaf tissues in both of them (Mammoth melting) and
(Thomas laxton).
The shoot and concentration carbohydrate and protein in the type
(Mammoth melting) species non effect to in increase cooper sulphates
except the concentration (150) mg/Kg soil reduced significan compared
with control treatment.

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of gamma
rays on specific activity of dihydrofolate reductase and folate content of Black
seed (Nigella sativa L.) callus. The effect was dependent on doses of gamma
rays.
The obtained results showed that specific activity of dihydrofolate
reductase increased with the growth period at doses 5, 10, 30 and 50 rad, the
total folate content increased substantially, but the high doses of rays (70, 90
rad) led to decrease of dihydrofolate reductase activity and folate content
extracted from callus of different ages.
On the other hand, the results revealed that the exposed callus at 5 rad
exhibited high level resistance to 10-1 M of aminpterin and trimethoprime. The
specific activity of dihydrofolate reductase and total folate content were partly
reserved as a result of radiation compared with non-radiated callus.

Thirty clinical isolates of gram negative bacilli isolated from diarrhea
cases in children aged ≤5 years were investigated for the presence of βlactamases, and it was found that 21 (70%) of them contain these enzymes.
Fifteen positive isolates were selected for the detection of extended spectrum
β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases. The results showed that
eight (53.3%) of the tested isolates were ESBLs producers, and nine(60%) of
them were potential producers of AmpC β-lactamases. The enzymes were
found more frequently in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, followed by
Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates.

The detection of inducible AmpC β-lactamases in (47) clinical
isolates of gram negative bacilli, isolated from lower respiratory tract
infections, was performed using disc induction method. The results
showed that 39 (83%) isolates contain these enzymes with variable rates
according to the bacterial species tested. The research indicates the
efficiency and simplicity of this method in detecting inducible βlactamases, and recommends using it in hospitals and laboratories to
detect strains with inducible enzymes

Homogenized healthy seeds of Triticum aestivum L. Abo-Greab-3-
cultivar were used to study the possibility of using a mixture of two
protein synthesis inhibitors in Eukaryote and Prokaryote (cycloheximide
and chloramphenicol) to increase cold and freezing tolerance of wheat.
The study was designed as 3X3X3 factorial experiment and carried-out
with three replicates according to randomize complete block design
(RCBD). The first factor was represented by the temperature which
comprised 20, 0, and -5 C˚. The second factor was the concentration of
the antibiotics mixture (cycloheximide: chloramphenicol) which
comprised 0:0; 50µg/ml : 50µg/ml and 100µg/ml:100 µg/ml. The third
factor was the treatment period which were 0,12 and 24 hours.
Low temperatures showed reduction in percentage of germination,
fresh and dry weights of plant, while an increase in percentage of
emerged seedlings, leaf area, plant height, no. of leaves/plant and no. of
tillers/plant were noticed. High concentrations of antibiotics mixture
showed significant decrease in all studied parameters except in fresh
weight of plant, while treatment in all studied triates except in dry weight
of leaf. Most the interactions between the studied factors showed
significant effects in most studied parameters.

The effect of different Concentration (1% -5%) of NaCl on growth
of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.viciae was studied by their addition to
Manitol yeast extract agar medium and observing the bacterial growth
and tolerance to exceeding salt concentration comparing to the control.
The bacterium showed higher growth rate than control at 1%
concentration, while the rates decreased at other concentration , with no
growth at 5% concentration.

The effects of semiconductor laser light on static and dynamic
characteristics of bipolar exposed transistor had been studied experimentally.
There was no significant influence on these characteristics in the absence of
semiconductor light on transistor device. Analog optical modulation of
bipolar transistor had been realized with semiconductor laser light direct
modulation, while there was evident effect of injection current of
semiconductor laser on the harmonic of spectrum modulation of transistor
output. Optical modulation of bipolar transistor had been realized using
pulse width modulation technique, and there was no deformation in pulse
shape out from collector of the transistor modulated by small duration time
pulses. Deformation in pulse shape out of the bipolar transistor has been
observed when semiconductor laser modulated by large duration time pulses
that is decrease qualification of data transfer.