Kirkuk Journal of Science

In this study an attempt has been made to monitor and perform analysis to the occurred
earthquakes recorded by the installed seismometers in the close proximity to the Dokan
dam. Three-component continuous high resolution data logger seismometers had recorded
thousands of seismic events from January to December 2013. Twenty five earthquakes were
utilized for further processings that covered the studied area and surroundings. The
analyses include identifying the body waves from different azimuths within optimal range
of frequencies from 3 to 500Hz. The waveforms were used in determining the various
source parameters including location, focal depth and magnitude from their arrival times
and amplitudes. Epicentral map was drawn which depicts the epicentral distances of the
events from the source. Furthermore, the estimated crustal structure below the studied
area reveals that the seismic activities were occurred in shallow depths (less than 10 km)
within the upper part of the crust and the resulted average values for the P- and S-wave
velocities were 5.97 km/sec and 3.23km/sec respectively

Let R be a ring with unity , and let M be an unitary R-module . In this work we present
strongly pure ideal (sub module) concept as a generalization of pure ideal (sub module) .
Also we generalize some properties of strongly pure ideal (sub module) . And we study
strongly regular ring (R-module) .

In this study, the behavior of reinforced concrete deep beams with large opening, used for
efficient creation of doors, windows, and passage openings, which were strengthened by
carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets, is examined. This analysis was carried out
using finite element method and ANSYS computer program. The fiber reinforced concrete
deep beams were subjected to a point monotonic loading. The results of the suggested
analysis procedure were verified with experimentally tested deep beams given in reference
[1]. The parametric study examined the CFRP sheets configuration and their thickness
used as external reinforcement, and the results of strengthened beams are compared with
reference unstrengthen deep beams to insure the effectiveness of external reinforcing
method. The strengthened beams indicate an increase in load carrying capacity up to 25, 53
and 59% for vertical orientation CFRP sheets with 0.7, 1.4 and 2.8 mm thickness
respectively. On the other hand, horizontal strengthening raises beams strength by 54, 78
and 90% for 0.7, 1.4 and 2.8 mm thickness respectively. Meanwhile deep beams with ring
type configuration sheets augmented the strength by 85, 92 and 97% for the three types of
the used sheet thicknesses. Load-deflection relationships indicate that the combined
reinforced concrete and CFRP laminate system possess some nonlinear deformability. The
use of CFRP laminates on the deep beams was found to have an influence on the stress
concentration and the mode of failure. Anchoring the CFRP laminates around the opening
regions helped in using a larger portion of the strength of the laminates. The deep beams
strengthened by CFRP sheets exhibited diagonal shear cracks that were developed at a
much slower rate and were ultimately accompanied by the peeling off of the CFRP
laminates.

0bjective:Determination of anti-rubella IgM and IgG seropositivity and susceptibility rates
among pregnant women with the history of abortion & women without the history of
abortion. Subjects and method: A total of ninety pregnant women (Sixty-four pregnant
women who had previous abortion; and twenty-six pregnant women without the history of
abortion), there age was ranged between (18-40) year; were enrolled in the present study
which was conducted during the period of 15 March to 23September /2013. All obtained
sera from all participants were tested using ELISA method for determine of rubella virus
antibodies. Data was analyzed, using SPSS software (chi square) and Anova test.
Results: The results revealed that the rubella virus-IgG seropositivity among pregnant
women with previous abortion was 37(57.8%).In addition, the results showed that the
percentage rate of the rubella virus-IgM seropositivity among pregnant women with
previous abortion and without the history of abortion were 17(26.6%) & 1(3.8%)
respectively. The study showed that there was no significant correlation between antirubella virus antibodies (IgM,IgG ( and the age, also in the current study , among the
studied groups there was a significant positive correlation between anti-rubella virus
antibodies)IgM,IgG(and the number of abortion.
Conclusion: There was no effect of age on the seroprevalence of anti-rubella IgM and IgG
in the studied groups.

The aim of this study was to know the relationship between the human cytomegalovirus and
diabetes mellitus through detection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in diabetic
patients in Kirkuk governorate by screening of anti-human cytomegalovirus IgM and IgG
antibodies in the serum of diabetic patients by using of Immunochromatography and detection
of IgG by ELISA technique in blood samples . Blood samples collected from 82 diabetic
women patients and 10 samples from healthy looking with out diabetic women .The results of
this study by Immunochromatography method detected in 22 samples (26.82%) IgM only
,25(30.48%) samples IgG only and 2(2.43%) samples showed positive results for both IgM
and IgG for HCMV . In contrast, the results of control group were negative for anti-HCMV
IgM and IgG antibodies in both Immunochromatography and ELISA technique. ELISA
technique was used to know the presence IgG of HCMV for detection the sensitivity and
specificity of Immunochromatography compared with ELISA technique .

Autism is a neuropsychiatric disorders , which have been associated with many causes
including genetic causes, which affects 4 out of every 10000 people in the world . In this
study, the molecular gene serotonin 5-HTT specially 5HTTLPR area multi-format gene
to gene serotonin ,which is located on chromosome 17 which revealed it's association with
many of the mental disorders as being responsible for the uptake of serotonin by nerve cell
after the synapse and signal transduction of nerve to nerve cells. DNA has been isolated
from epithelial cells of the lining of the mouth was studied in fifty child diagnosed clinically
with autism in Iraq and conducted PCR technique to amplify the genes and migrated to gel
Agaros 2% were analyzed style band was done in an attempt to detect any evidence of a
link between autism and gene 5-HTT.

Background: studies have shown that Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be a potential cause of
antibiotic associated diarrhea. Pathogenesis based on endotoxin, exotoxins, and enzymes.
Objectives: detection of some virulence factors produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolated from faecal specimens in Kirkuk, Iraq.
Methods: The study included identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from stool
samples of children suffering from diarrhea, 518 samples collected from Azadi teaching
hospital and Pediatric hospital in Kirkuk city, from February 2012 to June 2013. Various
virulence factors including beta-lactamase, protease, lipase, lecithinase, deoxyribonuclease,
gelatin liquefaction, haemolysin, congo red binding, urease, presence of capsule and betalactamase production were determined for Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates.
Results: 35 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were identified and the isolation percentage
was 8.1% (only 433/518 give positive culture result for different bacteria). The distribution
of virulence factors was different among the test isolates. All the isolates produce betalactamase but have different ability for binding to Congo red, gelatin liquefaction, lipase,
protease, lecithinase, deoxyribonuclease, urease, capsule and haemolysin production.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of present study Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from
diarrheal cases at least produced two virulent factors.

As world become more technologically advanced it become more important to study and
forecast solar events which materialize by solar activity, the Sun goes through solar activity
cycle, where every 11 year. In this investigation the highest position in the rising phase of
solar cycle 24 had been studied by analyzing the photometric observations of coronal mass
ejection (CME) for the year 2013 for the months 2,3,4,5 that were derived from Large
Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph Experiment (LASCO), which is one of the scientific
systems in the spacecraft Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), that was located
close Lagrangian point L1. From all previous observations and from the intensity time
profile of it, the onset time had been calculated and from it the injection time of CME had
been measured in order to find the lift of time and the associated flares. And also from the
intensity-time profile any clear raising from background give indication for solar event,
thus, the roots of the eruption in the sun will be determined. It had been concluded that The
important event for this year in March and May also the acceleration of the energetic
particle not only in the interplanetary, but also in the location of the event in the corona of
the Sun, and it had been found that the event increased gradually with adopted months (2,
3, 4, 5). Also it has been noticed that most of solar events have multi eruption phenomena

Current research involves study the structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams
enhanced with steel and polypropylene fibers under the influence of impact load. It has
casting concrete cubes of dimensions (150 150 150) mm, concrete prisms of
dimensions (100 100 400) mm, concrete cylinders of dimensions (150 60) mm, and
reinforced concrete beams of dimensions (150 150 1000) mm, to determine
compressive strength, modulus of rupture, and impact strength of both reference and fiber
reinforced concrete respectively. It also has studied the effect of adding 3% of super
plastisizer, and the combined effect of admixing with silica fume up to 10%, on both
reference and fiber reinforced concrete respectively. The results revealed the importance of
adding fibers, super plastisizer, and silica fume respectively, on improvement of mechanical
properties of both reference and fiber reinforced concrete under the influence of static and
impact load at ages of 7 and 28 days.

In this study we describe the synthesis and characterization of four and six coordinated
compounds of Mn(II)with Schiff bases derived from vanillin with amino acids (glycine, Lserine, L-tyrosine, and L-phenylalanine).These complexes were characterized by many
physicochemical methods such as elemental analysis (CHN),magnetic susceptibility, molar
conductance as well as spectral studies such as IR and UV-Visible .The analytical data
showed that the complexes having the formulas [Mn(VA)(H2O)]2,[Mn2(VA)(CH3COO)(H2O)2]
,whereA
-
=serine or tyrosine[Mn2(Vg)(CH3COO)(H2O)3], [Mn2(VA*H2)2(H2O)2(NO3)2](NO3)2 and
Na2[Mn2(VA*)2(H2O)2(NO3)2] , A* = all the amino acids .The ligands behave as
Tetradentate coordinating through the atoms NOOO, or tridentate NOO; where V=
vanillin, A=amino acids (glycine and phenylalanine) that suggested tetrahedral and
octahedral geometry.

A simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method has been developed for the
determination of Nimesulide (NIME) in pure as well as in dosage form is described. The
proposed method is based on the reduction of the nitro group of drug using a novel and
versatile reduction system comprising iron metal and hydrochloric acid. The resulting
amine was then diazotization and coupling 8-Hydroxyquinolinol in alkaline medium to
form orange colored chromogene exhibiting absorbance maximum at 480 nm. Beer's law
was obeyed in the concentration ranges 5 – 250 μg/10 ml, i.e. 0.5-25 μg/ml and the
correlation coefficients is 0.9996 with a molar absorptivity of 1.378×104
l.mol-1
. cm
-1
and
Sandell's sensitivity index of 0.022 μg.cm
-2 , a recovery of 99.36 to 101.64 and relative
standard deviation of ±0.40 to ±1.24 %, depending on the concentration level. The method
has been applied successfully to the determination of Nimesulide in pharmaceutical
preparations.

Background: given the positive physical and mental health outcomes associated with
participating in regular exercise, promoting exercise during pregnancy needs to remain a
crucial objective among health promoters.
Objectives: to determine the knowledge level and document self-reported beliefs about
physical exercise during pregnancy.
Method: a descriptive study was carried out on 197 pregnant women who attended the
maternal and child care units in two primary health care centers of Sulaimani city.The
study was carried out for the period of (April, 2013 – February, 2014 ). Data was analyzed
with SPSS (16.0) program. Chi-Square (Fishers' Exact) test was used in the statistical
assessment and the figure of p<0.05 was considered as the statistically significant.
Results: majority 81.2 % of participants had inadequate knowledge regarding effect of
exercise during pregnancy and only 13.7% of participants believed that exercises had
positive effect on pregnancy. Level of knowledge and belief increase with increasing level
of education, employment, better financial status, extended family type, and women who
had no abortion while age, gestational age, pregnancy and delivery number were not
associated with knowledge and belief level.Conclusions: researchers conclude that the knowledge of pregnant women in Sulaimani
regarding exercise during pregnancy is inadequate. Women's education, occupation, family
type, financial status and pervious abortion had a positive effect on pregnant women's
knowledge and beliefs.

The fuzzy technique is an operator introduced in order to simulate at a mathematical level the
compensatory behavior in process of decision making or subjective evaluation. This paper
introduces such operators on hand of computer vision application. novel method based on
fuzzy logic reasoning strategy is proposed for edge detection in digital images without
determining the threshold value. The proposed approach begins by segmenting the images into
regions using 3x3 binary matrix. The edge pixels are mapped to a range of values distinct from
each other. The robustness of the proposed method results for different captured images are
compared to those obtained with the linear Sobel Robert and Canny operators. It is gave a
permanent effect in the lines smoothness and straightness for the straight lines and good
roundness for the curved lines. In the same time the corners get sharper and can be defined
easily.

Malnutrition and infection with intestinal parasites are widespread in almost all developing
countries, high rate of people in the world are infected with protozoal and helminthes
parasites. Most of cases are asymptomatic but some intestinal parasites can cause severe
diarrhea and malnutrition problems. Four hundred and thirty children (257 male and 173
female) whom attended the parasitology section of Kirkuk General Pediatric and Azady
Teaching Hospitals, were chosen for this study. Their ages were < 1-12 years. The weight and
the height of each children were recorded. Stool samples were taken from them and examined
microscopically for parasitic finding. The frequency of malnutrition was significantly more in
males (29.9%) than in females (15.6%). The most age group which were more malnourished in
both males and females were 8-11years. Although the number of inpatients (336) was higher
than outpatients (94), but malnutrition showed no significant differences between them. The
total malnourished children were 24%. Most of the normal malnourished children had body
mass index (BMI) range of 13-16.9, while most of the moderate malnourished had BMI range
of 13-14.9 and the sever malnourished BMI were 8-12.9.The most prevalent parasite in both
sexes were Entamoeba histolytica followed by Giardia lamblia, Hymenolepis nana, Enterobius
vermicularis and Cryptosporidium parvum, and the lowest rate was for Ascaris lumbricoides.
The most malnourished children were infected C. parvum with a rate of 60%, followed by E.
histolytica and G. lamblia with rate of 18.7, 10.4% respectively, no malnutrition degree were
noted with other parasites. A significantly high rate of malnourished children had parasitic
infection (30%) comparing with the total malnourished number (104). Diarrhea was
significantly related with malnutrition degree and with parasites. 60% of the total moderatelymalnourished children had diarrhea and 84% of them had parasite with diarrhea, while in the
total sever malnourished children, 87% had diarrhea and 100% had parasitic infection with
diarrhea

Pure and Indium doped in Cadmium Zinc Sulfide Cd0.6Zn0.4S thin films were deposited onto
glass substrate at different substrate temperature (275-375)C0
, at different Indium doping
concentration (1-10) ml by spray pyrolysis technique , using precursor solution of Cadmium
Chloride , Zinc Chloride , and Thiourea as Cadmium , Zinc and Sulfide source respectively
The effect of Indium doping on the structure and morophology of prepared thin films have
been investigeted .
X-ray diffraction (XRD) , scanning electron microscope (SEM) have been used examining
these samples .XRD studies , have revealed that the films are polycrystalline , with preferentid
orientation of the crystallites in film grown producing a strong hexagonal (002)or cubic (111)
peak . the grain sizes were found in the rang of (175-339.68)nm and (214-258) nm depending
on Indium dopinconcentration and annelingtemperature. And these results have been
confirmed by scanning electron microscope .
The best crystallinity of the films was obtained at the substrate temperature of 350 C0
and
Indium doping concentration of5ml.