Iraqi Journal for Computers and Informatics

This paper presents an approach to license plate localization and recognition. A proposed method is designed to control the opening of door gate based on the recognition of the license plates number in Iraq. In general the system consists of four stages; Image capturing, License plate cropping, character segmentation and character recognition. In the first stage, the vehicle photo is taken from standard camera placed on the door gate with a specific distance from the front of vehicle to be processed by our system. Then, the detection method searches for the matching of the license plate in the image with a standard plate. The segmentation stage is performed by is using edge detection. Then character recognition, done by comparing with template standard numbers and letters used in the Iraqi plate. The system was implemented using Matlab (R2012a) and shows accurate performance results reached 93.33%.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are event-driven network systems consist of many sensors node which are densely deployed and wirelessly interconnected that allow retrieving of monitoring data. In Wireless sensor network, whenever an event is detected, the data related to the event need to be sent to the sink node (data collection node). Sink node is the bottleneck of network there may be chance for congestion due to heavy data traffic. Due to congestion, it leads to data loss; it may be important data also. To achieve this objective, soft computing based on Neural Networks (NNs) Congestion Controller approach is proposed. The NN is activated using wavelet activation function that is used to control the traffic of the WSN. The proposed approach which is called as Modified Neural Network Wavelet Congestion Control (MNNWCC), has three main activities: the first one is detecting the congestion as congestion level indications; the second one is estimated the traffic rate that the upstream traffic rate is adjusted to avoid congestion in next time, the last activates of the proposed approach is improved the Quality of Services (QoS), by enhancement the Packet Loss Ratio (PLR), Throughput (TP), Buffer Utilization (BU) and Network Energy (NE) . The simulation results show that the proposed approach can avoid the network congestion and improve the QoS of network.

Modern wireless networks use cooperative relaying to expand its coverage area. Wireless relaying allows mobile terminals to participate in transmission even when these terminals are not being the initial source or final destination. This can be achieved in different ways ranging from simple conventional relaying to more sophisticated coding at terminal and relay nodes to improve transmission performance. The proposed work here studied such system by simulating different coding techniques to be used in two way relay network coding (TWRC). Some of these techniques were previously proposed to improve transmission performance in conventional data communication systems. BER performance of different arrangements of coding and relaying schemes are evaluated using computer simulation tests. Ideal AWGN channel model and standard wireless channel models for wireless networks are considered in the simulation tests. The results have been shown that coding schemes such as Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) and Repeat Accumulate (RA) codes are more suitable in two way relaying networks. Over AWGN, TCM-8PSK improves BER performance by at least 2 dB at high SNR for different relaying arrangements. For fading channels, this advantage is slightly reduced. Regenerative repeating at relay node seems to be a promising arrangement. It seems that there is no sense in using RA codes over fading channels due to its poor performance and relatively lower speed caused by repetitions.

Since the 1991 Gulf War, Iraq is still suffering from the crisis and irregular in the processing of electric power to customers. Damage to the network, the old measurement devices for measuring electrical energy consumption, and irregularities and corruption in the process of measuring and calculating fees of the consumption, all these reasons led to the deterioration of the performance of the distribution network in Iraq. In this paper, Wireless Electric Power Meter Based on XBee Module has been designed and implemented which ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN) will be used for wireless electric power meter communication supported by PIC microcontroller which used for power unit measurements. Wireless metering system will be controlled by central computer which place in base station; also database will be design to record and manage all data and information of consumers.

the increasing needs for Iraqi citizens in getting the advantages of e-government services, administration and democracy motivates us to study and look for how to expand the e-government project of Iraq with new e-services. The proposed framework considers a realistic problem in Iraq called the identity of the Civil Status. It verifies the (identity) validity of issued electronically instead of paperwork which takes significant time and effort to complete the transaction. An electronic interface is designed for the sake of the proposed framework using client-server approach assisted by PHP and MySQL software, intended to reduce the time and effort to improve job performance and provide interactive e-services to citizens. The developed e-service can be classified as Government to Citizen (G2C) type of e-Government.

Many digital services require reliable security in storage and transmission of digital images. Due to the rapid growth of the internet in the digital world today, the security of digital images has become more important and attracted much attention. The prevalence of multimedia technology in our society has promoted digital images to play a more significant role than the traditional texts, which demand serious protection of users' privacy for all applications. Encryption techniques of digital images are very important and should be used to frustrate unauthorized access from opponents. In this paper a new approach is proposed for partial encryption in digital image based on dragging the longest wavelength color in digital image then input the extract color to the plasma encoding algorithm to have partial ciphered image that can be deciphered at the recipient side using the proposed retrieve algorithm. It is possible to apply multilevel for the proposed approach to increase the security level with less time for encryption/decryption. The new approach test appeared that the encryption/decryption processes was very flexible and efficient.

In order to develop a specific methodology that can be followed by any organization or individual who needs to choose the appropriate E-Forms application that could meet the required needs, this research proposes a methodology which consists of three phases: Identification phase, Evaluation phase and Testing phase. In the first phase, a general survey on E-Forms types and technologies is introduced with focus on the recent trends in order to identify which type mostly meets the user's general requirements. In the second phase, an evaluation to make an accurate selection is made to some of the top competing applications supporting the type identified in first phase by using a specific evaluation methodology, in this research three of the widely used evaluation methodologies are discussed, in addition to a simple evaluation methodology which has been proposed and implemented using "Microsoft Excel Sheets" application. Finally in the third phase, a real test is made using the winner application resulting from the second phase, where a four-stage testing plan is proposed in order to achieve this purpose. As an example, the E-Forms technology which is based on "Extensible Markup Language (XML)" is identified due to its features and capabilities. Then the evaluation is made to the top applications supporting this technology, where "Adobe's XML Forms Architecture (XFA)" technology is selected as a winner. This winner application then is tested, where samples of forms were designed to show the extraordinary features this technology can offer including digital signature. The test includes the use of a proposed offline forms' data gathering technique and uses "Oracle 10g" as the back-end database. It also includes a website to publish the designed forms in addition to an application developed using "Oracle Developer 10g" to process the forms' data for one of the designed samples in order to prove these forms' accuracy.

Character Recognition is the text recognition system that allows hard copies of written or printed text to be rendered into editable, soft copy versions. In this paper, work has been performed to recognize pattern using multilayer perceptron learning by Artificial Bee algorithm (ABC) that simulates the intelligent foraging behavior of a honey bee swarm. Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) trained with the standard back propagation (BP) algorithm normally utilizes computationally intensive training algorithms. One of the crucial problems with the BP algorithm is that it can sometimes yield the networks with suboptimal weights because of the presence of many local optima in the solutions space. The suggested method is to use ABC for learn the Neural Networks, to solve text character recognition problem, by update the Neural Networks weights. A comparison studies are made between ABC and BP methods in NN learning to specify which is better in solving character recognition problem.

Mobile phones are the most commonly used devices in today’s scenario. The expanding use of mobile phones, telecommunication companies added feature such as SMS (Short Messaging Service) in order to attract more customers. The Short Messaging Service (SMS) has become very popular for sending messages containing information among mobile users. Alongside, the need for the secure communication became more imperative. SMS security ensures security of messages from the access of unauthorized users. Using RSA algorithm to encryption of message that length is 160 character. In this paper present approach encryption message for type a SMS then send to other user. This approach is applied in mobile environment with android operating system. The platform used here is JAVA and the proposed approach is tested different types of mobile types (Galaxy S3, Galaxy S4, HTC).

Worldwide, educational institution has channeled big investments towards building information systems. This paper deals with data marts ideas, which is a database, or collection of databases, designed to help managers make strategic decisions about their business. In this paper we suggest a project named IC-DM for the educational institution which has access to two different data marts that user will need to decide which is the most appropriate for the project that they are working on. Data from multiple sources, and multiple levels was linked, or merged into a data mart.

With the growth of networked system and applications such as eCommerce, the demand for effective internet security is increasing. Cryptology is the science and study of systems for secret communication. It consists of two complementary fields of study: cryptography and cryptanalysis.The genetic algorithm is one of the search methods, which finds the optimal solution. It is one of the methods, which is used to decrypt cipher.This work focuses on using Genetic Algorithms to cryptanalyse knapsack cipher. The knapsack cipher is with a knapsack sequence of size 16 to encrypt two characters together. Different values of parameters have been used: Population size, mutation rate, number of generation.

The open communication network, Internet, has problems surrounding the security of the Internet sites. Such as hacker intrusion costing organizations a large amount of money and untold losses in productivity; hate groups using the Internet to distribute their malicious works to these sites, and many other types of attacks. A firewalls strategies protect Internet sites from intentional hostile intrusion that could compromise confidentiality or results in data corruption or denial of service.

Human users find difficult to remember long cryptographic keys. Therefore, researchers, for a long time period, have been investigating ways to use biometric features of the user rather than memorable password or passphrase, in an attempt to produce tough and unrepeatable cryptographic keys and to construct the key unpredictable to a hacker who is deficient of important knowledge about the user's biometrics. In this paper, generating the strong bio-crypt key based on fingerprint minutiae is presented. At first, the minutiae points are extracted from the fingerprint image based on image processing algorithms. Then, the extracted fingerprint minutiae are used for generating a 1024 bit prime numbers that used in RSA cypher algorithm to generate 2048 cryptographic key.