Journal of the College of Education for Women

The study included the most important issues that Egyptian society was suffering from during the period (1982-1992), i.e. the problem of (education), which is considered the most expensive human investment made by the nation in order to protect its future. Education is the real gateway to the new world with all its hopes, aspirations and challenges because it contributes to achieving social stability and enhancing the comprehensive development process. This comes due to the nature of the era in which we live, which is an increasing explosion of knowledge and a massive revolution in communications, information and technology, and the conflicts imposed by various entities over superiority and distinction, and the availability of an educated person capable of controlling changes for his benefit and for the benefit of his society. One of the most important means that can play a major role in this field is the media, which is supposed to have a main role in urging the government to develop strategic policies to develop basic education as they help education to achieve its goals towards literature, science, art and culture, and its responsibility towards its readers in providing them with information with which they can keep the civilization and human progress in every place and field. Among these educational issues is the issue of (basic education), which represents the main focus of this study, as all parties in society had to provide visions of the reality of education in general and basic education in particular.

The research aims to shed light on the consumer culture of electrical energy for the Iraqi individual and its significant impact on the electricity crisis in Iraq, as well as to shed light on the importance of rationalizing consumption of electrical energy and the repercussions of waste and extravagance as it is a negative phenomenon. Consumers must be educated and aware to avoid its harm to the individual and society. The study was based on an approach of Social survey: A field sample of 200 consumers was selected in Baghdad Governorate in the two regions (Al-Karkh and Al-Rusafa) using a random sampling method. After applying the form and analyzing the results, the study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: The participants’ answers indicated that the wasting style of human behavior is still dominant among people, with their percentage reaching (54.5%). More than two-thirds of the participants (68%) confirmed that the number of Amperes is not sufficient for the household’s needs, especially since the income of the Iraqi homeland does not help in increasing the number of Amperes and meeting its energy needs due to the high price of Amperes from the private generator. The vast majority of respondents (90%) confirmed that paying generator electricity fees affects the economic situation of the family. The results of the study indicate that (76.5%) of the participants suffer from respiratory diseases due to emissions from power plants or generators. The study also concluded with recommendations aimed at educating citizens on how to rationalize electrical energy and avoid waste and profusion.

This research focuses on the stages of development of Applied Climatology, where Greek scientists such as Hippocrates, Galen, and Ptolemy referred to the first ideas of this science, as they focus on the relationship between the changes of the seasons and the health, diseases, and physical composition of peoples. Then Arab scientists (such as Al-Yaqubi, Ibn El-Faqih, Al-Istakhri, Al-Maqdisi, Al-Biruni, Al-Azizi, Al-Maqrizi, Al-Sabti, Al-Ghazzi, IbnKhaldun, etc.) added many new ideas to Applied Climatology, represented in the relationship between climate, health, diseases, comfort, mood, and colors of people, and they linked the moderation of climate to the intelligence and strength of people, and their long lives. As for (contemporary) Western civilization, the beginnings of Applied Climatology science go back to the forties of the 20th century in the form of research and then expanded into books, as the first book in the English language on Applied Climatology dates back to 1963. This was followed by numerous publications within this specialty. There has also been a development in the Topics of this science. After the interest was focused on climate, human comfort, and urban design, the relationship developed into climate, politics, and satellites.

Universities play a unique role in providing a type of education that can present business models in a way that may contribute to driving economic growth. Therefore, university education and development are two sides of the same coin, and this coin is the human resources, i.e., without it, there will be no development, especially since there is a relationship of influence and impact between the student’s personality and the university, which results in the student acquiring skills and experiences that will help him/her in the end to carry out his/her role in serving his/her community. Many entrepreneurs among graduates from colleges of education lack the skills of creativity, innovation, and initiative to pave the way in this life, as government institutions are no longer able to provide the jobs required for the queues of graduates searching for job opportunities. This paper aims to know the role of Colleges of Education in achieving university entrepreneurial education, and knowing the obstacles to teaching entrepreneurship at the university. Both researchers followed the Descriptive Analytical Approach in this paper, and among the most important proposals is: providing Academic Courses concerned with developing entrepreneurship skills, entrepreneurial spirit, as well as the culture of freelancing for students.

This study aims to understand the grammatical effort of Abu Obaid Allah AL-Marzobani in his reference to grammatical issues in his book "AL-muwashah” through the complete extrapolation of the book and the extraction of all grammatical issues, and then discuss and balance it with the considered sources and the opinions of linguists who lived with AL-Marzobani or preceded him, and shows the grammarian school to which the owner of the muwashah tends. The study also aims to show the role played by poetic necessity in directing grammatical judgments. These methodological steps helped the research achieve its objectives and answer its questions. This study is important in that it deals with grammatical analysis of a topic that has not been touched before; it opens the door for further studies and research on the grammatical efforts of AL-Marzobani. The research concludes that the efforts of the grammatical views of Al-Marzobani and the views he adopted were not intended for themselves, but were presented to him while dealing with a set of poetic and critical issues, so he addressed them with his grammatical knowledge, and therefore we see the grammatical opinions that he conveyed are clear directly, and lack in large part of them evidence or opinions. The study also concluded that thirteen grammatical issues were directed as poetic necessity, out of twenty-three issues that are the sum of the grammatical issues mentioned in the muwashah.

In his work Discipline and Punish (1995), Michel Foucault applies the concept introduced by Bentham's Panopticon. He argues that the panoptic structure illustrates the connection between an abstract notion like punishment and a tangible reality like the Panopticon. The purpose of punishment becomes more about providing a spectacle for the audience rather than rehabilitating the prisoner, as it primarily aims to deter others. The Hunger Games clearly exemplifies this concept, as the people living in the districts are constantly under careful observation of Panem's political power. Foucault’s power and surveillance create a world that is closely related to Suzanne Collins's The Hunger Games and post-truth discourse. The Hunger Games also intersects with the idea of post-truth discourse, which refers to a political climate where the objective truth becomes irrelevant or manipulated for political gain. It shows that we live in a world that is akin to Bentham's Panopticon, where the truth is completely vanished and replaced by fake information to serve authority`s emotions.

Every autonomous country has a unique national flag that represents its identity and serves as a symbol of nationalism. This "rectangular piece of fabric of distinctive design that is used as a symbol of a nation), as a signaling device, or as a decoration" is the literal definition of a flag according to the Merriam Webster Dictionary. However, this item of clothing serves a crucial purpose in solidifying national identity between citizens. For example, its frequent use in rituals and allegiance pledges by the general public and its design, which incorporates elements of ethnic and religious significance. This study focuses on the Islamic identity revealed in the verbal and nonverbal signs of national flags. Consequently, it tries to answer these main questions: What are the symbols seen on Islamic country flags? What are the various connotative meanings of those signs and how do they show the country's Islamic identity? What importance do those indications have for Muslims? How those signals are inspired by the Holy Quran. The aim of the study is to find out the connotative meaning of each sign with the messages it conveys to confirm the Islamic identity in thirty two national Islamic flags. The adopted model is based on the field of semiotic science, i.e., it clarifies and explains signs by using Barthe’s model(1977a) (1977b) of signs and meaning. The nature of the study is a qualitative one depending on the content of the data; nevertheless, there has been some statistics to support the findings.

Iraqi learners need to enhance their proficiency in writing. Writing demands continuous development (Zsuzsi, 2017). Mastering the use of adjectives in English is important because it clarifies the target topic. Adjectives play an important role in making sentences clearer. Drawing upon Langacker's Domain theory (1987), the researcher undertakes an experimental study involving 92 students from the University of Baghdad, College of Education for Women. The aim of this study is to improve writing skills via improving adjective usage. Quantitative data were gathered through two distinct tests – one administered at the commencement of the experiment and the other at its conclusion. Qualitative data were obtained through questionnaires, observations, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were meticulously analyzed using the SPSS statistical editor and Excel sheet. The findings indicated that getting proficiency in using adjectives contributes to enhanced writing clarity among participants, fosters accuracy in depicting events, individuals, and locations, and empowers them to elaborate on details by leveraging the interconnected meanings.