Kirkuk Journal of Science

The fungus Aspergillus niger isolated from industrial area in Kirkuk city.was
used to study its ability as reducing agent to prepare silver particals .The
results showed that Ag NO3 solution 1mM changed in colour to brown ,which
indicate the formation of silver nanoparticales.
The spectrum of silver nanoparticles solution using Uvi,vis Spectroscopy was
used as asecond step to confirm the production of nanoparticls ,Results
showed that the absorbance at 430 nm also the X-ray diffraction showed
peaks at 111,220,311 at the diffraction angles (31.77,46.11,57.21)
respectively .The SEM images showed clear particales.delling with
antibacterial activity the particles showed inhibitory effect against multiantibiotic resistance Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis which found
(33,33,32)mm and (35,35,34)mm respectively at the concentration 100% .

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were prepared by pulse laser (Nd: YAG Qswitch, λ=1064nm, frequency=6 Hz) ablation technology for copper target in height
purity water type liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry (LC/MS), at energy
(200) mJ and different pulses (100, 200, 300, 400) pulse to formation colloidal solution.
Found surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) at (200) mJ and (100) pulses is (625) nm,
when increases in pulses the (SPR) is nearly constant. The indirect optical energy gab
for these solution (4, 2.7, 2.75, 2.5) respectively, with the increase in number of pulses,
the energy gap by using Fluorescence Spectrophotometer (3.543) eV.

In this research, study some of the optical properties of prepared
films by spin coating method. The effect of annealing (Cu2ZnSnS4) thin
temperatures (500,550,600,650)°C for one hours in air on those properties
The optical properties were studied by the has been indicated.
measurements of the absorbance, we found that the absorption coefficient
decreases with the increasing of annealing temperature, Direct band gap
values of (1.8 to 2.3eV) for different annealing temperature
(500,550,600,650)°C.

This work depends on a detailed organic geochemical study
of collected samples from the Upper Jurassic Naokelekan
formation, from Ajil and Balad Oilfield. This study has
manifested the advantages pyrolysis geochemical methods for
source rock evaluation of the studied formations, thirty four core
and cutting rock samples. Rock-Eval pyrolysis data indicate a
wide variation of source richness and quality, the Naokelekan
samples indicates good to excellent source rock richness , the
kerogen Type-II/III( oil and gas prone) and type II kerogen (oil
prone), in immature to mature stage (early oil window), reflect the
marine environment with terrigenous influx

The present study aims to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in
cancer patients in Azadi Teaching Hospital a group of healthy individuals were used
as a control . Several Serological methods such as Latex Agglutination Test LAT,
Modified Agglutination Test2-ME, Rapid- Cassette Test and Enzyme Linked
Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were used to investigate the anti-antibodies against
Toxoplasma gondii type IgG and IgM.The study was conducted on184person,
including 136 cancer patients and 48 normal people have been adopted as control
samples. The Blood samples were collected from the beginning of February to the end
of November 2014. The results showed that the rate of Toxoplasma infection in
cancer patients was 47.06 % for latex agglutination test LAT and 28.70% by using the
modified agglutination test 2-ME and 8.8% using the Rapid test, and ELISA test was
24.26%. The chronic infection rate was 18.38% and a rate 2.94% of was for acute
infection and mixed infection(acute ,chronic) .

In This research prepeared Pure (ZnO) thin film was done by using
(spin coating Sol-Gel ) method and doped(ZnO)1-x(SeO2)xas (x=
2.5%)molar ratio from the (SeO2)to get the(ZnO)1-x(SeO2) and annealing
temperature(400,500,600)C°.
the measurement of the Optical properities absorbance and
transmittance of (ZnO)، (ZnO)1-x(SeO2) were studies by using the (UvVisible ) spectrophotometer in the wave length rang (300-1100nm),
Calculated energy band gap of thin films with study the effect of
temperature on prepeared thin film .

The current Study included 273 samples colected from models of different
clinical Samples (urine , Stool, blood , sputum, and swabs from the vagina ,wounds,
ear and throat) which have been get on 30 (10.98% ) isolates of Klebsiella from total of
various clinical samples. The rate of Klebsiella from urine samples was 26.6% of the
while total 30 samples and The isolation rate from stool and blood sampls was 16.6%,
Klebsiella isolated from vaginal swabs with .in wound infection the rat was (13.3%)
(10%), and with respect to ear infections the percentage of isolation that have
emerged in this study are (3.33%) and isolated rate from the throat and sputum was
(6.6%).
After a Diagnosis results have shown the prevalence of K.pneumoniae with rate(23
K.terrigena isolates 2with76.66%) followed by K.oxytoca rate (5with16.66%) and
with( 6.66%) of the total 30 isolates.
Twenty isolates were selected belonging to the species K.pneumoniae and K.oxytoca
which diagnosed by Api20E for rediagnosing by(PCR and viteke2) , and the results of
the diagnostic system Vitek2 showd that the Klebsiella which have been previously
diagnosed byApi20E system (90%) K.pneumoniae and (10%) K.oxytoca while the
genetic diagnosis results showed 80% of the isolates belonged to the type of the
K.pneumoniae and 20% of isolates belonging to K.oxytoca

Biochemical study was carried out of Heart type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (HFABP) as diagnostic marker in the serum of patients with heart failure in Kirkuk city
, this study was accomplished on 90 sample of serum blood , 60 of them suffer from
heart failure and their age rang between 35-75 years old (35 male ,25 female) ,These
samples were collected from Kirkuk genral hospital and azadi teaching hospital , and
30 sample of healthy people their agent range between 30-65 years (17 male and 13
female) . The study included measurement the concentration of H-FABP, total
cholesterol , LDL-C , Triglycerides , and
HDL-C. The result showed that : A Significantly increased in the level of
probability p ≤ 0.05 in the H-FABP , total cholesterol , LDL-C in the
seram of patients with heart failure , compared with control group ,
whereas the HDL level showed a significant decrease at a level of
probability p ≤ 0.05 for patients with heart failure , compared with
control group

90 swabs taken from burn wounds of patients admitted to and attending
burn unit in Azadi teaching hospital in Kirkuk from the period (14/12/2014 to
19/3/2015). The age of patients ranged from 11 months to 77 years the burn wounds
infected in both sexes of patients, but females more than male (40 females, 27 male).
The variable degrees of burn was from first to third degree was observed in the 90
patients. Some of the samples (26.86%) from revealed a mixed bacterial infection and
73.13% were single bacterial infection. Different gram positive and gram negative
bacterial were isolated in different percentages as staph. aureus was isolated from
12.79% of cultures, staph. epidermidis isolated in 9.30%. While gram negative bacteria
was isolated as follows (pseudomonas aeruginosa in 32.55%, klebsiella pneumoniae and
Enterobacter cloacae in 17.44% for each, E.coli in 8.13% and proteus mirabilis in 2.32%).
P. aeruginosa was the highest percentage of the all gram positive and gram negative
bacteria isolates has been obtained 28 isolation percentage 32.5% from all 86 isolates.
P. aeruginosa was isolated from single and mixed isolation (gram negative and gram
positive) bacteria (E. cloacae, E.coli, K. Pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, S. aureus,
S.spidermidis). Regarding the sensitivity of the P. aeruginosa from the cultures to
different antibiotics , Twelve antibacterial agents were used including (Cefotaxime ,
Imipenem , Gentamicin , Amoxicillin , Auqmentin , Ampicillin , Ceftriaxone , Ceftazidime ,
Carbencillin , Amikacin , Ciprofloxacin , Tetracyclin ). Out of these antibiotics
Pseudomonas aeruginosa were more resistant about 100% to (Augmentin , Amoxicillin ,
Ampicillin( , 93% to the (Ceftriaxone , Cefotaxime , Carbenicillin , Imipenem Gentamicin, Tetracyclin ) , 89% Ciprofloxacin, while it found less than (64-57)% Amikacin
and Ceftazidime respectively. When comparing multiple antibiotic resistance among
bacteria isolated from the mixed and individual infections there was a difference in the
results, where the proportion of resistant mixed infections for (12)antibiotic was rates of 27.7% while the resistance of individual infection ratio
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12) antibiotic at 23-52 %.

The study aimed to investigate the levels of lipid fractions in the serum of premenopausal
and postmenopausal women in Kirkuk city, because an alteration of there concentrations
factors for incidence of cardiovascular disease . considered an important predisposing
premenopausal women raged age 27- 45 years and 90 The study included 100
ranged age 51- 67 years. The blood samples were collected and postmenopausal women
centerfuged for determination of total cholesterol( TC ) , triglyceride( TG ), low density
lipoprotein( LDL-C ), high density lipoprotein( HDL-C), and very low density lipoprotein (
VLDL-C ) concentrations .The results of the study revealed no significant differences (
p>o.o5 ) for TC level, but there was a significant increase ( p<0.05 ) in the level of TG in
postmenopausal women ( 143.13 ± 38.14 ) mg/dl When compared with the premenopausal
women ( 102.88 ± 34.11gm/dl. While concentration of HDL-C recorded a significant decrease (
p<0.05 ) in postmenopausal women ( 33.01 ± 10.22 ) mg/dl, when compared
with the premenopausal women ( 42.20 ± 15.24 ) mg/dl, also the same results
recorded for LDL-C concentration ( 106.55 ± 23.2 ) mg/dl in postmenopausal
women and ( 76.26 ± 32.06 ) mg/dl in premenopausal women. Whereas the
significant increase ( p<0.05 ) in concentration of VLDL-C ( 31.63 ± 7.64 )
mg/dl in postmenopausal women when compared with the premenopausal
women ( 20.58 ± 6.82 ) mg/dl. Finally we concluded that, there was a
significant alterations in the level of lipid profile between premenopausal and
postmenopausal women groups ,which were considered the most critical
predisposing factor for incidence of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal
women

The paper aims to estimate the accumulative concentration of zinc and copper in
tissues of the tape worm Postgangesia hemispherous, and also be found in some organs
of its host European fish Silurus glanis brought from Tigris River in Rashidiya area
in Mosul city. The concentrations of zinc and copper are determined using atomic
absorption spectrum microscope after performing the digestion and destruction
process of the samples and tape worm by high purity concentrated nitric acid
solution. It was found that the accumulative concentration of zinc was higher than
that of copper in the both the tape worm and the infected and non-infected fishes. The
concentration of zinc and copper in the tissues of the worm was (28.1 ± 2.6 & (24.75 ±
2. 51) g/g of the body weight respectively. A significant difference was observed at a
probability level (P 0.05) in the accumulative concentration of zinc in the intestine,
liver, gills, and muscles in both infected and non-infected fishes. It was also found a
significant difference at same level in the accumulative concentration of copper in
both the infected and non-infected fishes, but in the liver, gills, and muscles organs
only. As a the concentration of zinc and coopper is higher in tape worm tissues
compared with its infected host, so the tape worm can be used as a vital indicators in
the environmental monitoring programs to watch the metallic pollution happening in
the aquatic. environment.

In this study E.coli bacteriophe isolated from kasa sou .Host range of this
bacteriophage have been studied on both isolates turbid and clear plugs
.Bacteriophage tolerance of temperature indicated that the isolated
phage able to laysis host cells until 40C .bacteriophage tolerance to
NaCl salt also included in this study the highest salt concentration that
the phae unable to lyse host cell was 2.0 %

This study includes the preparation number of new Mannich bases
derived from one mole p-hydroxybenzaldehyde with equivalent moles of
morpholine and primary amines in the ethanol as a solvent. The prepared
Mannich bases were characterized by the infrared spectroscopy and nuclear
magnetic resonance for proton and carbon-13 (1H NMR and 13C-{1H}
NMR). The completion of the reaction was checked by using TLC.

In this study the behavior of rectangular footing on gypsum soil is studied under
vertical eccentric loads through two way ( x–y) via fabrication of a simulator of (100 mm
* 150 mm) for the rectangle footing. By using the (Bubble ) program in the mobile for
measurement tilt of footing by putting it on the foundation , fabrication of load tester and
putting the soil in a box having a dimensions of (900 mm * 900 mm) and depth( 600
mm).
A sample of soil is taken from the Tikrit University in Salah Al Din government
under (0.5- 3 ) m depth which has a gypsum content of (51.37 %) using (Al-Mufty and
Nashat 2000) method.
The load test is performed on square and rectangle footing at eccentricity of through two
way ( x–y) (e/B= 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) The local specifications of the soil are measured (density,
moisture, maximum density and optimum moisture content), it is found that that the
vertical settlement, in two sides increases with the increasing of eccentricity and of the
load, the bearing capacity is nearest to the theoretical results for (Meyerhof Eq. 1953)
and less than the (Hansen Eq., 1970) in vertical load in site density and moisture .It is also
observed that bearing capacity decreases with the increasing of eccentricity of the load
because small area of effectual foundation .
at site density and moisture , whereas it approaches the theoretical results to the
(Meyerhof Eq., 1953 ) and theoretical result was less than of ( Hanson eq., 1970) when
the vertical load .

This research includes preparation heterocyclic compounds by ring closure
reactions of acetyl acetone . This was achieved by Reaction of acetyl acetone
with hydrazinehyd- rate, the product reacted with some aldehydes and ketones
to get some biheterocyclic compounds the compounds have been diagnosed
by IR ,
1H-NMR ,
13C- NMR.

This study aimed to evaluatethe oxidative stress state in patients with renal
failure
by measurement some biochemical parameters, on the sera of 56healthy
people (males and females) (Group 1) G1 as a control group, and the sera of
85Patients (males and females) with renal failure(Group 2) G2attended to
(The artificial kidney unit) of Kirkuk general hospital whom are diagnosed by
specialist doctors ,The results showedsignificantly increase in the level of
urea , creatinineandmalondialdehyde,for patients with renal failure as
compared with the control group while the levels of Glutathione peroxidase
,Catalase and ,glutathione showedasignificantlydecreasefor patients with renal
failure, compared with the control groupwhilethe level of ceruplasmin, and
peroxynitrit was not recorded significant differences.

This study including evaluation of quality of groundwater of Alqosh
area, through the physical and chemical analyses of (19) groundwater samples
besides the information of one well is the well number (20) from (General
Authority for Groundwater Commission/Nineveh branch) , and there is found
the concentiration of Ca++ is (57.25) ppm, Mg++ (44) ppm, Na+ (9.85) ppm, K+
(0.67) ppm, Cl ̄(12.15) ppm, SO4
-
² (56.19) ppm, HCO3 ̄(295.45) ppm, NO3 ̄
(3.74) ppm, pH (7.97) , E.C (657.95) µmohs/cm, TDS (596.9) ppm, TH
(325.98) ppm, and there is found that the water of the study area is suitable for
human consumption, except the well (3-5-15-16-18) is not suitable for human
consumption, and there is found the quality of groundwater in the study area
is bicarbonate, calcium and magnesium type, and the factor analysis is showed
that there are three factors controlling the hydrochemistry of water in the area,
the first and the second factor is natural factor represented by type of rock
components of the studied area, and the third factor is anthropogenic factor
which is human activities.

The current research includes the study of the rock sequences form
Injana Formation with exposure in the Sharqat area and Khanokh
northern city of Baiji, for the purpose of determining the rock facies with
exposure, which is divided into three main facies rock and tow secondary
rock facies, it has also been conducting volumetric analysis of the deposits
of sand and sorted addition to finding own mathematical calculations
account ( intermediate and arithmetic mean size standard deviation,
Sorting and symmetry and asymmetry Skew ness and kurtosis), and then
install the environments and the factors depositional their own, were also
identified different sizes granular sandstone and representation on the
rocky laminar column (Lithological Log), were also studied the clay
mineral components and the expense ratios, clay minerals constituent
shows that clay rocks contain chlorite and kaolinite minerals s and the
non-clay mineral contain of quartz and feldspar and Calcaat and
dolomite plagioclase and Muscovite and and gypsum. And thus reach to
identify environments sedimentary rocks sequences which configuration
depositions flood environment, shoulders channel environment and river
channel environment depositions.

The effect of β-Sitosterol to the levels of male,
s hormones was carried out in sera of adult
male rabbit, twenty eight of local rabbite, weigh aging range between (800-1500)g. The
animals was divided randomly into 4 groups (7 rabbits in each group) . The control wene
treated orally corn oil but the Three groups G1,G2 and G3 wene treated orally with
(40,60,80) mg/kg of β-Sitosterol respectively for a period of 30 days. Their sera were
taken so as to conducting the biochemical tests, including the estimate of testosterone
hormone ,Lutein hormone ,Follice stimulating hormone and estradiol hormone . The
results showed that the LH hormone level was significantly increased in sera of G2andG3
as compared with control group, while the FSH level did not show any significant
differences compared with control group, whereas the
control group. The estradiol hormone level did not show any significant changes in sera of
all groups under testosterone hormone
level showed a significant decrease in sera of G1 and G3 compared with investigation , The
effect of β-sitosterol on the testicle tissue had showed that there were necrosis and
vaculation between seminiferous tubules with the deposition of fibrin between and within
the seminiferous tubules in the transaction in all groups treated with β-sitosterol .

University of Tikrit college of Education/tuzkhurmatu Dept. of Physics
Abstract
The two step Solid-State method used to prepared a whole range materials
including mixed metal oxides and nitrides in different concentrations (x = 0.1,
0.2, 0.3, and 0.4). samples were then subjected to Nano technique under hydrolic
pressure 8 ton/cm2
samples have been sintrig in (850 0C ). The resultes show that
Samples morphology were observed by AFM (in three dimensions), the best
value of Nano is 88.61 nm at x= 0.2. . Electrical resistivity at x = 0.2 of Ag are
obtained when the best value of Tc= 140 K

Nine species of flies attracted to the different varieties of rubbish, leftover of
the left food and remains of the slaughter houses in various places in Samarra
city poultry , cow , sheep yards , the habitants , houses , the buchers , chops
the rubbish gathering places and some stagnant water-swampsare collected by
using the adhesive colloid traps in Samarra city during form1/1/2014 to
31/12/2014 .The traps are designated to collect different varieties of insects .
The results led to discover different Species of flies that called the
Rubbishflies. Musca domestica showed the higher ratio 75.199% Whereas the
stable flies gave the least ratio 0.121%. There were also other species attacted
to the trapssuch asPhelptomus papatasi,Simulism buxtoni, Muscasorbens,
Fannia Canicularis, Lucilia sericata,Chrysomya bezzianaandSarcophaga
haemerrhoidali . The study also reduced there are arean obvious contrast
between the identified species due to providing a plenty of elements that
incited to attract these species as the accumulation of rubbish , garbage ,
remains of slaughtering and the cow , sheep yards and the poultry remains as
well as certain swamps and some stagnant water ponds .

Theoretical and experimental study has been used to analysis close
type solar collector PTC in south of Kirkuk city in Iraq 43°.53" longitude,
35°.25" width with elevation of 217 m. The mass flow rate of water and
concentration ratio are (0.00083, 0.0011, 0.00138, 0.00166 Kg/sec) and (10,
14, 22) respectively. The measurements and calculations were conduct,
which lasted for two season winter and summer, from 9AM to 5PM. The
experimental study show that the efficiency of PTC in summer increase in
winter from (5 - 7)%, the efficiency is increase with increasing of mass flow
rate consequently, then the efficiency is a function of mass flow rate. The
efficiency of PTC increased with decreasing of concentration ratio. The
maximum value of efficiency is 20% in summer decreased to 15% in winter
when the mass flow rate 0.00083 Kg/sec with concentration ratio 22 then
increase to 33% in summer and 22% in winter at the same concentration
ratio with mass flow rate of 0.00166 Kg/sec, also the experimental study
show that the efficiency in summer higher than it in winter by about (10 -
15)% is increased with decrease concentration ratio to reach in summer to
27% and 18% in winter when the mass flow rate 0.00083 Kg/sec with concentration ratio 10 while the efficiency is 42% in summer and 29% in
winter at maximum mass flow rate of 0.00166 Kg/sec, and the same
concentration ratio . The theoretical study has been performed according to
ASHRAE 93-1986 (RA-91) for assessment of performance of PTC solar
collector. The theoretical results showed that the theoretical efficiency is
50% and increase to reach 63% with increase the mass flow rate from
minimum to maximum value when the concentration ratio is constant. The
reason of this error because of the necessary assumption are used in
ASHRAE 93-1986 (RA-91) such as steady state conditions which are
difficult established in solar energy.

The present study includes determination the concentration of uranium in the soil profile
and groundwater and it's behavior, distribution, source and emitted as well as the
environmental assessment. Thirty sample of the soil were collected about (15) sample for
the first depth (QA) and (15) sample for the second depth (QB), in addition to (7) sample
for ground water (GW). Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
technology has been used to measure the concentration of Uranium and other elements in
these environments by laboratories of Acme company in Canada. The results showed that
the average of uranium concentration in the first depth of soil (QA) was (1.672 ppm), and
the second depth (QB) was (1.373 ppm), with increasing in surface depth more than the sub
surface. The results showed that the average concentration of uranium in the groundwater
was (4.256 ppb), and its concentration is less than the permitted values average of ground
water (30 ppb). The environmental assessment study of uranium showed that the values of
(Igeo) for soil sample occurs within the type uncontaminated to moderately contaminated,
and the (CF) is classified as low contamination, while (EF) is reached within type
deficiently to minimal enrichment. Size fraction for soil samples showed that the highest
uranium concentration occurs in the clay fraction more than silt and sand fractions,
respectively.

Some new azo-schiff bases were prepared by reacting aromatic diazonium
salts with aromatic Schiff bases .azo-oxazepine was prepared from the latter
comounds via cycloaddition reaction with maleic anhydride using the
enviorement friendly microwave technique as a participation to the
applications of green chemistry .Spectroscopic methods (IR, 1HNMR) as well
as some physical properties were used for the structural elucidation of the
prepared compounds.

In this study prepared the aqueous extract of Reseda odorta and Peel
eggplant the result proved that the aqueous extract containing tannin ,
glycocides , saponin and Alkaloid the study proved that the aqueous extract of
Reseda odortacontaining the largest amount of protein the atomic absorption
of the aqueous extract containing Ca , Na , K , Mg in different ratio , finally
the study measured the Biological activity .

In this study a total of 600 suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis at
refugee campus in Kirkuk were investigated. Samples were collected during
the period of January – March 2015 ,pateints ages were (1-50) years old.
Fifty four cases were found to be positive with infection rate 9% . Cutaneous
leishmaniasis were more frequent in females (61.11%) than in males
(38.88%) . The highest infection rate of cutaneous disease (37.07%) were
found among age group (1-5) years where the lowest infection rate (1.85%)
were found at age groups (31-35 and 46-50) years. Also the results showed
that the infected cases with single sore(66.66%) were more frequent than with
multiple sores (33.32%). Statistical analysis showed that the mean value of
hemoglobin was significant decrease in the infected cases when compared to
the control groups (P<0.05) . Furthermore , the differential count of
leukocytes, neutrophil, monocytes and lymphocytes were significant increased
significantly in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis as compared to control
groups. So may can consider the parameters above as a biomarker to identify
the disease.

The present study includes distribution of rare earth elements in the resent
sediments of the water plants and in domestic water tanks in some areas in
Mosul city. The results reveal that the is enrichment with light rare earth
elements(LREE) in these deposits and some kinds of their depletion with the
heavy rare earth elements (HREE) . There is also resemblance of the REE
patterns of the studied sediments with the pattern of the Post Archean
.Australian Shales , PAAS), but they don't fit