JOURNAL OF KUFA FOR CHEMICAL SCIENCES

Type 2 diabetes occurs primarily as a result of two interconnected problems. Cells in the muscles, fat, and liver become resistant to insulin. Because the cells do not interact normally with insulin, they do not absorb a sufficient amount of sugar, and thus the pancreas becomes unable to secrete enogh insulin to control blood sugar levels. Since antioxidants have a role in treating diabetes by defending beta cells against oxidative stress, the current research was conducted to determine the levels of enzymatic antioxidants (Glutathione - S- Transferees (GST), Catalase (CAT)) and lipid profiles (cholesterol, lipids). Triglycerides and lipoproteins (HDL, VLDL, LDL) in the blood serum of patients with type 2 diabetes compared to healthy people in Basra Governorate - Iraq, according to age. The number of patients in the study was (51) disease cases, including (19 males - 32 females) and (40) In a healthy case (20 males - 20 females), it was found that there was a significant decrease at a significance level of P < 0.05 in the levels of (GST and CAT) in patients compared to healthy controls, and the decrease increases with age, while there was a significant increase at a significance level of (P < 0.01) in Levels of (TG, TC, VLDL, LDL) in patients compared to healthy people with age, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The current study showed no statistically significant differences in patients and with age.

Arsenic exposure during pregnancy may have relatively few and uncertain effects on the mother and the unborn child with regard to thyrotoxicosis. In a prospective birth cohort research, the objectives of this investigation were to investigate the correlation between maternal and newborn thyroid hormone parameters and levels of arsenic exposure in cord and mother serum.
Methods: The birth research conducted at the Basrah Maternity Hospital served as the basis for the study, which included 108 mother-neonatal pairings. The chemiluminescence ICP-OES Spectroscopy Technique was used to measure the exposure variables, including maternal serum arsenic levels and TSH levels, in the third trimester. The geometric averages of arsenic exposure levels during the ninth month of pregnancy were (1.110.50) g/L and (1.020.48 g/L in cord serum, respectively. maternal TSH levels were (1.971.36 IU/mL) and (3.342.99) by geometric means in the third trimeste

Nanomagnetic Fe3O4 and polyaniline were prepared and checked by using the FT-IR spectroscopy technique, and the results approved the preparation of these substances. The nanoscale nature of these prepared materials was also examined using the electronic scanning microscopy technique (SEM), and the results indicated that the particle size of the magnetite and the prepared polymer Less than 100 nm. This product was mixed with epoxy resin paint in different percent's nnn (5-25) %. The mixtures were used separately as coating on carbon steel (C1020) alloy. The inhibition efficiencies of coated carbon steel were investigated in 0.1M HCl media using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy EIS. The results showed that good efficiency compare with using epoxy resin paint alone, because the epoxy resin combined with polyaniline and magnetized is highly adherent to the surface of the alloy and increases its resistance to corrosion

The current study included the preparation of azo compound (A4) from the aromatic amine reactant (2-aminobenzoate methyl) by the nitrification method and conjugation with pharmaceutical phenolic compounds (pyridoxine hydrochloride, ortho-vanillin, para-vanillin, and kojic acid). Then, the compound (A4) was converted into new ester polymers. By reacting it with succinic acid and apic acid. All compounds and polymers were then characterized by IR, UV-Vis, mass spectrometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The effect of pH was studied in the electronic absorption spectra of azo compounds (A4) in the visible region, in a range of wavelengths (470) nm, using different buffer solutions with different pH values.

Artificial marble could be defined as a substitute product of natural marble. It is a new composite contain resin such as unsaturated polyester and reinforcement material as filler. Filler used in this study was glass sand. Both resin and filler are mixed mechanically or hand layout, then molded after cured to produce marble. Artificial marble is fabricated as the real marble by using pigments, chips etc. Onyx which is a kind of quartz that very transparency including aluminium trihydroxide, glass frits is used also as secondary fillers for decorative purposes. A detailed of resulting properties such as mechanical behavior are presented in this work.
The present study is directed to solving problems and provides artificial marble which exhibits an aesthetic pattern equivalent or superior to that of natural marble, has excellent mechanical strength and gloss, and does not contain impurities including bubbles therein.

Schiff base was first created, and it was subsequently employed as a reducing and capping agent to create silver nanoparticles. Schiff base serves as a capping to stop silver oxide from overgrowing. Schiff base provides silver nanoparticles a new form, producing them in a distinctive manner. Spectral information from the1H nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectra, were used to analyze the structure of schiff base. UV-Vis Spectroscopy was used to characterize the structure of silver nanoparticles in order to track how the surface plasmon band that emerges at (433.5) nm affects the formation of silver nanoparticles. In order to analyze the morphology of silver nanoparticles, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed. In the image, silver nanoparticles with sizes between 50 and 100 nm have spherical shapes. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy EDX was also employed the spectra shows silver at 4.94% in the specimen. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) prove that prepared silver nanoparticles in nano size. The prepared sample schiff base coated nanoparticles was applied for adsorption lead from polluted water and the percentage of adsorption was 74.34

In order to provide inexpensive and efficient technique for wastewater treatment, the present research, aimed to prepare nano composites out of graphene oxide, namely GO/SA aerogels and focused on its application to remove methyl orange dye from industrial wastewater. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to identify the compound of GO/SA composite aerogel. High porosity was shown in nanomaterials, sample purity was demonstrated by EDX analysis, and the impact of temperature on dye absorption was investigated. In other words, the process is endothermic, as the data revealed that raising the temperature improved absorption efficiency. The results conclude that the GO/SA composite aerogel can be an effective adsorbent for eliminating the pollutants such as dyes from an aqueous environment.

New-type Schiff bases were prepared: [2-(benzoxazol-2-yl)-hydrazinyl diene][-2,1-diphenyl-N-(6-methoxybenzothiazol-2-yl)-2,1-diphenylethane]. -1-amine (L) of the mixture. 2-mercaptobenzoxazole was dissolved with hydrazine in absolute ethanol as a first stage to form compound A. while the ligand was obtained in its final from the reaction of compound A with both benzal and 2-amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole. The complex of Ni(II) and Pd(II) was prepared by reacting palladium chloride and nickel chloride with ligand L. The structure of the prepared ligand and its complexes was diagnosed using several spectroscopic techniques, such as FT-IR, UV-Visible, and 1H-NMR , in addition to FE-SEM, atomic absorption, molar conductivity, and elements. Microanalysis and measurements of magnetic susceptibility and melting points Molar conductivity measurements of palladium (II) and nickel (II) complexes showed that they have an ionic property of (1:2). It was found that the azomethine in the benzoxazole and benzothiazole rings, as well as the nitrogen atoms in the two azomethine groups in the Schiff base, coordinate with the metal ion in the FT-IR spectra of the compound. Based on measurements of sensitivity to ultraviolet, visible, and magnetic radiation, the complexes were shown to have geometries such as palladium (II) being square and planar and nickel (II) being octahedral. It can be used to study its antibacterial effect, and it showed good results.

In this study, Magnesium Borate (MB) ,was synthesized by one step precipitation from nano Magnesium oxide and Boric acid. The product was characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX and Zeta potential. This product act as photocatalyst to remove Congo red dye (CR) from aqueous solution, all factors that effect on adsorption process studied (Time, weight of adsorbent, adsorbate concentration, pH, temperature). Model of isotherm adsorption Langmuir and Freundlich, kinetic adsorption, first order and second order pseudo and values of thermodynamic (ΔS, ΔG, ΔH) are studied. Results of study indicated that best amount of adsorbent was 0.1 g used against dye, optimal concentration of CR was 50 mg L-1, and optimum acidity function was equal to 5.5 with a volume of 100 ml. Adsorption processes were carried out using distilled water as solvent. Also, this study included calculating adsorption capacity based on optimal conditions that were obtained by applying Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and qmax = (222.2) mg g-1 for (MB), kinetic adsorption following second order pseudo .Values of thermodynamic (ΔS, ΔG, ΔH) are measured and the results indicating increase in system randomness and that adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic.

The pyrazolines are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structures with five members that are used in the production of pharmaceuticals and organic materials. The goal of this work was to preparation and characterization a novel series of derivatives of 3,5-disubstitutedaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide. Two steps were taken in the synthesis of the novel derivatives from chalcones: the first step chalcones was prepared from reaction of {3,4-(methylenedioxy) acetophenone or para methoxy acetophenone} with various aldehydes (previously prepared) in Claisen-Schmidt condensation at room temperature. seven novel 3,5-disubstitutedaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide derivatives were made in the second step by cyclization reaction of a variety substituted chalcone derivatives with thiosemicarbazide in ethanol. The structures of the newly derivatives are characterized via: 1H-NMR, FT-IR and Mass spectra, then screened for their antioxidant activity

In this work, a novel derivative of 2- thioxoimidazolidine-4-one (3-(((6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)methylene)amino)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one) (L) has been synthesized by reacting 2-((6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide with ethylchloroacetate in the presence of sodium acetate, using 1,4-dioxane as the solvent. The chemical structures of the synthesized compound were determined using elemental analysis and a variety of physical and chemical techniques. Spectroscopic and magnetic moment studies were employed for this purpose. It was demonstrated that the metal complexes exhibited a geometric structure that exhibited an octahedral geometry. The synthesized complex was identified and their geometrical were suggested in solid state by using (FT-IR), (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, elemental analysis (C.H.N.S), flame atomic absorption technique, in addition to magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. the inhibitory or activation effects of synthesized ligand and its metal complex on the activity of the alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) at different concentrations.

Four novel copolymers (HT, TT, OT, and DT) were synthesized through free radical polymerization by reacting various alkyl chain-length acrylate with 1-tetradecene. The structural characterization of these copolymers was achieved by determining their molecular weights using Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), analyzing their chemical structure with Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and examining their composition through Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was also employed to assess thermal stability. The copolymers were evaluated for their effectiveness as additives to enhance the viscosity index and pour point of medium viscosity Iraqi lubricating oil (base oils 60). The results indicated that the efficiency of new copolymers as viscosity index improvers increased by an increase in concentration and alkyl chain lengths in the acrylate components. All new copolymers achieved good results compared to free additives lubricating oil, but the copolymer (DT) achieved the best efficiency (VI= 170 ) at (5% wt.) concentration compared to free additives lubricating oil (VI = 98 ). On the other hand, the efficiency of copolymers as a pour point depressant increased by decreasing the concentration and alkyl chain length; the copolymer (HT) achieved the best efficiency (PPD = -20oC) compared to free additives lubricating oil (PPD = -5 oC)

The study included the preparation and characterization of new compounds called thiazolidine 4 carboximaide in three main steps. In the first step, compound (R) was reacted from the reaction of cysteine with different aromatic aldehydes. Then the compound (R)was reacted with acetic anhydride to prepare the compound (RA). The compound (RA) was reacted with the aromatic amine (phenyl hydrazine) and DCC,HOBT to obtain different amides 4 thiazolidine compounds. All compounds were diagnostic using organic description techniques, FT IR,magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR, mass spectroscopy, every the prepared Compounds gave perfect returns. and biological effect prepared compounds:]ML1 ,ML2, ,ML4,ML7 ML8,ML9[ was studied against cancer cells for two types of cancer lines: human breast cancer line (MCF7) cells, women’s cervical cancer line (Hela), The biological effectiveness of the prepared compoundsML1,ML2, ML4 ML7,ML8 and ML9, was studied against cancer cells for two types of cancer lines, a Michigan cancer foundation (MCF7) and a female cervix carcinoma (Hela). The results of the inspection showed that the compounds ] ML1,ML2, ML4,ML8 ,ML9[
had high efficacy against a mankind breast cancer cell line and a cell line. Cervical cancer and compound] ML7[ showed little activity on the two types of cancer cell lines. and calculated Inhibition percentage (% ) of prepared compounds effects a Michigan cancer foundation (MCF7) and a female cervix carcinoma (Hela).

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome represent one of the greatest public endocrinopathies diseases categorized by excess androgens that affects early reproductive age. Women with PCOS have hyperandrogenism due to disorder of normal ovarian or adrenal function that lead to the production of excess androgens. In PCOS patients hyperandrogenism caused by impaired folliculogenesis.

Endometriosis is an estrogen dependent inflammatory disorder plays a pivotal role in the reproductive system of the females which regarded as one of the most important gynecological disorders due to it is a key cause of infertility for women and also it has a remarkable impact on the women's life quality. Indeed, environmental pollution have an extremely importance in the etiology of endometriosis. Hence, the present article submits an abbreviated literature review to the biochemical role of environmental pollutants in the etiology and development of endometriosis. Anyway, this review article represented the major environmental pollutants: the organic pollutants of air, heavy metals, gaseous pollutants and the particulate matter. The aim of the present review article is to highlight the biochemical role of the environmental pollutants as risk factors for endometriosis by focusing on different information from researches and articles within this field by linking between the data and conclusions resulted from previous and recent studies. From the literature review , the present theoretical paper highlighted the biochemical role of the different of environmental pollution in the etiology and development of endometriosis : the organic compounds that influence the female reproductive system , heavy metals which accumulate in water , soil and food , the gaseous pollutantswhich trigger the oxidative stress , particulate matters that linked with the higher level of prolactin hormone and any pollutant factor in the life style may contribute to the etiology and development of endometriosis. Every type of environmental pollutants has a specific impact in this context but in Iraq , the heavy metals and gaseous pollutants play the key role because they directly linked with the Wars results and the waste products of the electrical private generators.

In this work, an easy and accurate method was accomplished for measuring, determining, and separating some dyes used in food products, which are (E102), (E110) and (E122) using RP-HPLC technique. The C18 column (MN comp.) was used to analyze. The previously mentioned dyes. The calibration curves were conducted at the concentrations range of (1-30) ppm. The LOD and LOQ were calculated, which their values were (0.905-2.26 μg/mL) and (2.743-6.85 μg/mL) respectively, In this study, A mixture of food dyes was separated using isostatic and gradient RP-HPLC modes. The method was applied to samples of soft drinks from local markets in Baghdad- Iraq. They were used to estimate the amount of food dyes they contain, and from the results we can judge that the method was successful and good.

Study have been conducted on the cytotoxicity of Euphorbia denticulate oil. In The normal human breast cell line HBL 100 and human brain cancer cell line AMGM-5 Depending on the MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay method Following the application of various oil concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5) μg \ ml to the cells, the current study was able to determine the The Half maximal inhibitory concentration( IC50) value in AMGM-5 to be 0.21505%, while the normal cell line HBL100 revealed an IC50 value of 0.18688%). the MTT assay test findings suggested a suppression of the proliferation of cancer cells. The AMGM-5cell lines changed cellularly as a result of the oil Following a 48-hour course of therapy, the degeneration showed varying degrees of atrophy, swelling, and breakdown. Ultimately, the cells completely disintegrated, resulting in the formation of necrotic regions devoid of cells. Cultures of cells: When the cells were exposed to high oil concentrations, these alterations worsened.

The current study focused on estimating the level of chromium in biological tissues such as nails using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) technology, as this technique is distinguished by its ability to estimate small amounts of chromium up to 0.005ppm. A several parameters were used in this study such as age, gender, as well as a comparison between people who smoke and non-smokers to estimate the level of chromium. 122 samples were collected and divided into two parts, including 55 models for people with lung cancer and 67 models for healthy people. The results showed a high percentage of chromium in people with lung cancer (0.2757 ± 0.0209 ). Compared to healthy people (0.0437 ± 0.0044 ). The study found that one of the causes of high levels of chromium in lung cancer patients is due to smoking, as the percentage of chromium in affected smokers reached (0.2665 ± 0.0262 ) compared to non-smokers (0.0875 ± 0.0103 ). A comparison was also made between the percentage of chromium in infected men and women. The study found a higher percentage of chromium in men (0.2230 ± 0.02050 ) in comparison to females (0.0646 ± 0.00987 ) because men are more addicted to smoking than women. In this study, a statistical analysis program was used SPSS at P < 0.05).

Background:Nearly 90 to 95 % of individual who suffer from diabetes have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Generally, the body can generate the insulin in this type of diabetes, but it is failed in secretion the proper amount of insulin. This type of diabetes previously included insulin independent diabetes, or adult-onset diabetes. It is often resistant to the action of insulin, and caused by insulin resistance in the liver and skeletal muscle, increasing glucose production in the liver, over production of free fatty acids by fat cells and relative insulin deficiency.Materials:ninety participants were included in the current study, depending on their health status, participants were classified into 70 patients with type 2 diabetes and 20 healthy control groups.Colorimetric method was applied for measuring glucose, and sandwich-ELISA method was applied to evaluate insulin, interleukin-11 and interleukin-17 in the study samples.Results:the study showed that there were significant differences (p=0.000) in the glucose levels when comparing the three disease groups with the control group, moreover; the study showed that there were no significant differences when comparing between the sexes in one group (regardless of the health status of the group members).the study indicated that there were significant differences when comparing the HOMA-IR ratios of the three disease groups with the control group, while the statistical differences in the QUICKI ratios were limited for comparing the control group to both G1 (p=0.039) and G2 (p=0.015), respectively. The study revealed that there were statistically significant differences when comparing HOMA-IR ratio of the females in G1 with their peers in the control group (p=0.047), as well as when comparing the males of the second (p=0.046) and third groups (p=0.018) with their counterparts of the same sex in the control group. The statistical analysis of the showed the absence of significant differences when comparing the groups with diabetes with each other or with the control group, except the observed result of a significant decrease in the concentration of interleukin-11 in the third group compared to the control group. Results showed that there was no statistical significance when comparing the levels of interleukin-17 in the three disease groups with each other, as well as, when comparing them with the healthy group. Although the present study illustrated elevated interleukin-17 level (65.519 pg/mL) in the sample of 52 years old diabetic female patient in G2, but the study showed that levels of interleukin-17of the diabetic patients were closed to what was noted in the control group. Results of the present study showed that there were statistically significant differences between males and females of G1 only among the groups participating in the current work, as the levels of interleukin-17 witnessed an increase in interleukin-17 concentrations of female samples compared to males. The results also showed that there were clear significant differences between females of G1 and their counterparts in G2 (p=0.043) and G3 (p=0.002), as well as females of the healthy group (p=0.001). Moreover, it has been observed that the high levels of interleukin-17 in diabetic female patients caused by reduction in the insulin production, which means that interleukin-17 elevation is associated with a defect in β-cells, exclusively in women. the current study indicated that there were excellent positive correlations between interleukin-11 and insulin in G1 (r=0.451 at p=0.046), G2 (r=0.517 at p=0.020), and the healthy group (r=0.674 at p=0.001). With the same manner, there was a high positive correlation between interleukin-11 and HOMA-IR in both G2 (r=0.595 at p=0.006) and control individuals (r=0.645 at p=0.002). On the contrary, there was a negative correlation between interleukin-11 and QUICKI (r=-0.541 at p=0.014) in the control group only. The positive relationship between interleukin-17 and insulin (r=0.490 at p=0.028) in members of G1, as well as a negative relationship was observed between interleukin-17 and QUICKI (r=-0.379 at p=0.039) in G3. A significant positive correlation between interleukin-17 and interleukin-11 (~70%, at p=0.033) was shown in G1 only.Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes is not linked to one sex or another or one age, but the most common age group for symptoms of the disease to appear are individuals in the fifth and sixth decades. Receiving diabetes treatments in general does not return blood sugar levels to normal limits. During insulin resistance progresses, there will be a decline in the production of anti-inflammatory proteins, including interleukin-11. Interleukin-17 is a good parameter for evaluating the T2DM patients respond to treatment in the three disease groups, regardless of the type of treatment used.

Lipasin, a hormone found in the liver and adipose tissue, is involved in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Lipasin levels in plasma are controlled by food and rise after glucose consumption. Because plasma glucose and insulin levels both rise after eating, The study aims to elucidate if lipasin increases insulin sensitivity.
According to this study, the patient group's lipasin concentration increased significantly (p-value˂ 0.05) in comparison to the control group, and the area under the curve (AUC) for lipasin was 75.75 %.
The levels of insulin and glucose and also for the BMI were higher (p-value˂ 0.05) in patient group in comparison to control group.
The results emphasize that Lipasin may play a crucial role in T2DM development

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the general term used to describe diseases that affect the heart and circulatory system. Furthermore, it is believed that myeloperoxidase plays a part in the onset and progression of several heart conditions, the most prominent of which being atherosclerotic heart disease. It has been closely linked to several aspects of cardiovascular disease. Heart troponins are among the most crucial markers for a number of cardiovascular diseases, including acute myocardial infarction. Troponin's availability.

The synthesis, characterisation, and photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (ADT) doped with activated carbon and supported on environmentally activated carbon (PAC) have been covered in this work. Under visible light (496 nm), the photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite was examined for the degradation of Congo Rd (CR) dye from aqueous solution. It was found that, for a 25 ppm CR solution, 100% degradation occurred in 90 minutes.This study used a UV-visible spectrometer to explore the photocatalytic degradation of Congo Red dye by TiO2/AC under UV irradiation. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission-Scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). It also demonstrated that the Congo Red dye photocatalytic degradation reaction was fitted to a pseudo-first-order reaction. Findings indicated that Congo Red Dye (CRD) treatment.

The Article highlights medicinal plants contain many compounds that have therapeutic importance for many pathological conditions, which are a popular medical inheritance for many peoples and the methods of extraction of those medicinal plants vary from water and alcoholic extraction to the distillation process and the article also dealt with the use of medicinal plant extracts and even the full use for the purpose of treatment, which must be under the hands of specialists in the field of doctors and pharmacists to prevent any symptoms that may harm the patient's life

A new bis azo-salphen ligand (Azo Salicylaldehyde phenylenediamine Schiff base) was synthesized through an initial preparation of the salphen Schiff base via the condensation reaction between salicylaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine, which was subsequently followed by a coupling reaction involving the diazonium salt derived from p-amino acetophenone with the Schiff base component to yield the desired ligand (1,1'-(((1E,1'E)-(((1E,1'E)-(1,2phenylenebis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis (4-hydroxy-3,1-phenylene))bis(diazene-2,1-diyl))bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(ethan-1-one), this new ligand was characterized with many spectroscopic techniques as ( FTIR, Mass, NMR, Uv-Visible and CHN Elementary analysis ).
Its nickel complex was prepared and characterized with the previous techniques , certainly, the aforementioned supplementary methodologies, such as molar conductivity and magnetic susceptibility, alongside X-ray diffraction, were employed to ascertain the morphology and to propose its geometric configuration.
The ligand and its nickel complex were biologically examined from three point views: antibacterial zone of inhibition, antioxidant ability and breast cancer MCF7 cell line assay. The results were appointed that the nickel complex more efficient in the inhibition of bacterial and cancer cells, while the azo-salphen ligand has more antioxidant ability than its Nickel Complex.

A new vanadium and tungsten monometallic complexes were prepared, these complexes containing 4-aminoantipyirne derivative namely1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-3-phenylallylidene)amino)-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one as ligand. The ultraviolate and infrared were employed to characterized new complex. The optimum pH for complex has been investigated. The V(Ⅴ ) and W(Ⅵ ) complexes are detected at λ max = 375 nm and pH = 6 , bear-Lambert’s law is was in the range =(0.3×10--5– 55×10-5 M ) for V complex, while at λ max = 385 nm and pH = 7 and concentration range =(0.3×10--5– 58×10-5 M ) for W complex. Different spectrophotometric methods was used to determine the stoichiometry of complexes and the molar conductivity.

Background
Chronic hepatitis is a clinical and pathological disorder, some biochemical testes like serum Alanine Amino-transferase (ALT), Aspartate Amino-transferase (AST) and total serum bilirubin (TSB) used to monitoring hepatitis diseases. Albumin levels in serum fall with liver disease progression, representing decreased synthesis. Prothrombin time evaluate the level of converted prothrombin to thrombin and this represent the synthetic function of the liver. In acute on chronic liver
Disease non apoptotic pattern of cell death is predominant .It is confirmed by cleaved K18. Cytokeratin 18 was measured by ELISA
Objectives: This study aimed to measure the ALT ,AST ,TSB, Albumin ,PT and K18 levels inthe serum of Iraqi patients who were having Liver disease And study the correlation between the variables mentioned above

Materials and Methods: The study included approximately One hundred subjects, ages 20 to 60 year, who were split into two groups , Fifty patient with chronic hepatitisB virus,The second group comprises of 50 subjects who look to be in good health and serves as the control group.

Results
Serum levels of ALT, AST, TSB, PT and albumin displayed a significant increase in chronic hepatitis B virus group compare with control group .

Also, the current study revealed non-significant association of liver function tests with different age groups, except total serum Bilirubin values decline significantly with increasing age, and there was a significant gender difference in AST concentration. While, there was non-significant gender difference in further liver parameters.
Conclusion
Among chronic hepatitis B patientin Babylon province, abnormality of liver function tests in different age and gender groups; indicat the significant linke with the development of chronic hepatitis B virus.

Ionic liquids represent a new category of compounds that have attracted considerable interest in current research. Derived from traditional concepts, these substances have shown impressive performance across various applications. The synthesis involves mixing new alkyl halides with a specific class of compounds, namely methyl and benzyl imidazole, to create the desired ionic liquids. Characterization of these newly synthesized compounds is carried out using techniques such as ^1H NMR, FT-IR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy.