Al-Fatih journal

Modern schools have been interested in art education in order to increase understanding, recognition and analysis, because most departments of art education, such as acting, music and painting, stimulate students to activate their imagination and concentration, in addition to learning about ideas derived from reality and reconstructing them, most kindergartens relied on the use of playing, acting, music and the teaching of values and ideas in ways that depend on fun and suspense, such as stories, stories and folk games.
The aim of this research is to learn how to use games and folk tales to develop spontaneous acting skills in kindergartens. Theatrical selections were based on the storytelling and games, a play based on the tales and games, the play "Three Droplets" from the kindergartens of Al-Arij, and the play of "The Ring" from the Ward Al-Vnafj. After analyzing these shows according to the research tool, the researchers reached the most important results.
1. Popular folklore contributes to the establishment of educational, social and scientific values.
2. The story and the popular games have an active role in the development of the child's imagination and perception.
3. The story and folk games can be transformed into acting style.
4. The story and folk games contribute to the development of language skills and correct logic.
This research recommends in adopting a curriculum for kindergartens that includes heritage, folk tales and drama. The research ends with a list of sources.

Depression is a personality disorder, which is what young people have in their lives. This is what we find in middle school students who suffer the most from the pressures imposed on them by the nature of life, especially juveniles and adolescents because they are more sensitive to these aspects, Parents and sudden love or problems of family and family, which part of the concern and excess sensitivity, especially in front of questionnaires and awards that reveal the pillars of their personalities, was an alternative to achieve the same purpose without arousing concern in the respondent and there is no better than the projection drawings that we can Through the cooperation with the lesson of art education, the study aimed to identify the characteristics of the drawings of middle school students with high and low depression, but first we have to identify the features that appear in the drawings of the high and low depression. On each side, : One of them reveals the trait of depression, which is the list of (Beck - Beak) Arabized and the second special characteristics of the fees of middle school students, the tools were applied to the basic research sample, which numbered 132 students from the second grade students from the average schools in the city of Karbala Center for the academic year 2017-2018 , After taking the fees of the two groups The statistical treatments for the data and the calculation of frequency of personality showed that those with low depression were in their drawings (22) characteristics, of which three were distinguished, ie, the percentage of their appearance was statistically significant at (0.05); those with high depression In their drawings (24), I will attribute them, and three of them were distinctive and statistically significant at (0.05). Therefore
the researcher explained the results and presented the conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

This research aims to identify “the Styles of Facing Identity Crises and Its Relationship with Socialization for sample of study”, and to identify the differences of identity crises according to gender variables and study class and to identify the level of socialization according to gender variables and study class. The sample of study contained (200 male and female students) at High School at Governorate of Diyala. The amount of males were (100 students) and females were (100 students) of the three stages (fourth, fifth, and sixth). The measurement of identity crises was used prepared by (AL-Aboude, 2013) and socialization measurement prepared by (Mahdi, 2009) after checking validity and stability. The statistical law Pearson Correlation Coefficient between the identity crises variables and socialization. It has been noticed that there is powerful relationship between socialization and identity crises. The sample of current research generally had the awareness of reduced level of identity crises and there is no interaction available between variables of (gender and specialization) in identity crises between Academic and Literally specializations for research sample.

The football halls is one of the games that is characterized by a lot of basic skills and diversity, which the student or player must learn and proficiency it in order to raise the level of sports and preparing of scientific staffs. To achieve it, this must be based on a scientific method in planning and implementation and the use of assisting and teaching aids and the help for increasing learning. The devices and tools in the game of football has a large role in the process of learning and mastering the basic skills because of their great impact in the process of learning. The importance of assisting and educational aids, the idea came an experimental attempt to detect its impact on both learning and retaining the skills of passing, near and remote shooting and in the game of football inside halls.

The current study aims at investigating the effect of using the mathematical beauty approach on the achievement of the 2nd intermediate grade students and their critical thinking dispositions. Therefore, a semi- experimental approach was used to investigate the effect. The total population consists of (62) female students divided into two equivalent groups; each one consists of (31) students to represent the experimental and the control groups of the study.
The instruments used in this study were an achievement test which was developed by the researcher and administered for the two groups and the critical thinking dispositions scale adopted by him. Based on the positive study results in favor of the Experimental Group, the study results showed that the mathematical beauty approach had a positive impact on the students' achievement and critical thinking dispositions. In the light of the positive results, some recommendations are put forward.

The study aimed to identify intrusive thoughts and its relation to the Negative social exchanges of University Students.
The researcher used the descriptive approach and the sample of the study was 200 students. The researcher used the intrusive thoughts and the the Negative social exchanges scales. The validty (face validty, constructive) and Reliability, The study found several results, which were: - The intrusive thoughts among students was (52.7400). This indicates a low degree compared to the theoretical average of (54) and the the Negative social exchanges level (35.2100), which is a high level The sample has a comparative Negative social exchanges With the theoretical average(30). The results revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between females and males in intrusive thoughts, but there was a statistically significant difference in negative social exchange and for females.

The aimof the search is to identify the authoritarian style of parents as the children of intermediate school students who are aware of, and to identify the quarrelsome behavior among intermediate school students, it also identifies the relationship between the authoritarian style of parents and the quarrelsome behavior of intermediate school students). To achieve the aims the researcher adopted a measurement (khalaf , 2010) to measure the quarrelsome behavior and constructing a measurement of the authoritarian style which consisted of (30 items) in the from of report phrases and putting in front of each items graded variables for answering (always, sometimes, never) given them marks (3, 2, 1) respectively when correcting for the formed items whith measurement Of concept the concept which reflects the correcting of the formed items opposite the measurement concept.The resercher verified the stability of the two measurements by means of retesting, analysis of variance by using the Alpha cronbach Correlation. The two measurements were applied on a researech sample of (400) intermediate school students who were selected in randomly and data were analyzed by using the Statistical tools SPSS, the results showed that the autocratic style was approach prevalent among parents in the treatment of their children of middle school students, and behavior troubles was common and spread among school students affected the Waist, and the results showed that the authoritarian style was a predminant method for parents in the treatment of their children from intermediate school students . the quarrelsome behavior was common and spread among intermediate school students the results showed that there is a positive statically singficance relationship between the authoritarian style of parents and the quarrelsome behavior among intermediate school students, and according to
results of the research, aset of conclusions recommendations and suggestions were identified.

The Aim of Study: The current research aims at measuring the level of psychological needs of female displaced students.
The Limit: The current research is limited to displaced female students of preparatory schools who are in the fourth, fifth and sixth grades in Baquba city center for the academic year (2014-2015).
The Procedures:
- The tool: To achieve the aim of the research, a measurement was built to measure the psychological needs of displaced female students in accordance with Maslow’s theory of measurement and the method of self-report was adopted in the construction of the items of the measurement. It identified the three areas of the measurement. Then, the items are formed according to the needs identified by Maslow for each area. The sample of statistical analysis which was adopted by the researcher in the extraction of psychometric properties was (200) students. The discriminant force of the measurement was extracted by using the method of the extreme groups. Honesty has also been extracted in several ways (the truthfulness of the content; both apparent and logical honesty as well as constructive honesty). Stability was calculated according to the internal consistency method using the retest and Alpha Cronbach’s methods of internal consistency.
Statistical means:
The researcher used: Pearson correlation coefficient, Alpha Cronbach’s equation, re-test, discriminant force equation, T-test for one independent sample and T-test for two independent samples.
The results:
The research found the following results: There are differences between the three needs in favor of the need for belonging and love, at the level of significance (0.05). In the light of the research results, the researcher reached a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

This study aimed to identify the levels of death anxiety among Al-Aqsa Mosque students. The study population was from all the students of the Al-Aqsa Islamic schools and Al-Aqsa Kindergartens schools of different levels and places of residence in the academic year (2017/2018). The study sample consisted of 168 students from the study population.
The descriptive methodology was used . The data were processed through the Statistical Package Program (SPSS) for the extraction of percentages, arithmetical averages, standard deviations, the T-test of independent samples, - and one way anova .
In this study, the questionnaire was used as a data collection tool that consist from (20) items .
The results showed that the general arithmetic average of the responses of the sample members was low.

The results of the hypothesis of the study:
-: There were statistically significant differences on the level of death anxiety among students of Al-Aqsa schools and the schools of Al-Aqsa from the point of view of the students themselves due to the gender variable .
- There were statistically significant differences on the level of death anxiety among students of Al-Aqsa schools and the schools of Al-Aqsa from the point of view of the students themselves due to the stage variable.
- There were statistically significant differences on the level of death anxiety among students of Al-Aqsa schools and the schools of Al-Aqsa from the point of view of the students themselves due to the resident place variable
The researcher recommended several recommendations:
1. Giving attention to providing psychological and social support services to students of Al-Aqsa Mosque schools.
2. The establishment and development of specialized centers to guide and support the students of Al-Aqsa Mosque.
3. perform more relevant studies and research and applied them to other Palestinian communities.
4. perform more religious guidance supported by Quranic verses and prophetic traditions that spoke of death.

The assessment of the performance of teachers of Arabic language is one of the most important educational standards in the educational process, which contributes to achieving educational balance between its elements and directing it to the right direction to achieve the educational goals of the Arabic language curriculum for middle school students.
The objectives of the research were to evaluate the performance of teachers of the Arabic language for middle school students in light of specific criteria, which include the main curriculum elements (objectives, consisting of (6) standards, content of (6) standards, Criteria for access to the calendar are of (5) criteria.
The research community consists of middle and secondary schools in the city of Khalis - Diyala province for teachers of the Arabic language for the first grade intermediate average. The research sample consisted of (63) teachers. The research tool included a note form consisting of 22 criteria for each of the objectives contentAfter the statistical analysis, the results were obtained. The weighted mean and percentage weight of each of the criteria for the curriculum was calculated. The result was that the performance of the Arabic language teachers was acceptable for each of the four domains to varying degrees for the first grade students. The researcher recommended that teachers adopt the criteria for the note form for the elements of the curriculum in evaluating the teachers of the Arabic language

during the service, and the researcher suggested conducting a similar research to evaluate the performance of the teachers of Arabic language in the relay Primary School.

This study aims at finding out the effect of using pedagogic drama on the development of first year intermediate school student's creative making to achive the aim of the study, the researchers used prepost single group experimental design . the sample of the study consists of first year intermediate school students for the academic year 2017 – 2018 . Twenty students were randomly selected . The researchers adopted Gilor's test of creative abilities . The vaildity , reliability , and characteristics of the test were ensured . The findings of the study show the positive effect of pedagogic drama on the development of first year intermediate school students' creative thinking

This research aims to identify “The Effectiveness of Teaching Exchange in Acquiring Historical Concepts and Developing Scientific Questionnaire for Second Grade Intermediate Female Students in Material of History”. The researcher followed experimental method and partial control experimental design. He equaled between the two groups in a number of variables like, intellectual grades, chronical age of female students counted in months, academic level of both parents, and scientific questionnaire grades in pre-test. The results of research proved that there is significant statistical differences for the benefit of the experimental group. The researcher recommended the following: the necessity of using a teaching exchange strategy in teaching material of History for Preparatory Stages, preparing a suitable atmosphere inside the class and halls for female students, and taking care of preparing a teacher’s guide concluding a group of methods of teaching and modern strategies one of which teaching exchange. The researcher suggested the following: conducting similar studies with results of current studies, conducting studies to identify the effect of teaching exchange strategy in other variables like scientific thinking, cognitive, and critical, and other materials besides History

This research aims to identify “The Effect of Entwistle Model in Developing Skills beyond Knowledge for Intermediate Students at History Material” through checking the validity of the following hypotheses:

1. There are no statistical significant differences at the (0,05) level between the rank scores of experimental group of those whom studied History according to steps of Entwistle Model and those of control group whom studied History material according to the followed traditional method in measuring the skills beyond post knowledge.
2. There are no statistical significant differences at the (0,05) level between the rank scores of experimental group of those whom studied History according to steps of Entwistle Model measuring the skills beyond pre and post knowledge.
3. There are no statistical significant differences at the (0,05) level between the rank scores of control group of those whom studied History according to the followed traditional method in measuring the skills beyond of pre and post knowledge.

The researcher implemented the experimental method with partial control for the two groups of research experimental and control. The sample of students were (64 students) divide into (32 experimental group) and (32 control group). They were chosen from Thiqar Governorate-Department of Nasiriya Education. The researcher equaled between the two groups in variables of (chronical age counted by months and scores of pre-test to measure beyond knowledge). The researcher taught the two chapters of Islamic History book at Second Stage for Intermediate Schools. The researcher constructed the behavioral objects of the historical subjects about (104 behavioral objects). The researcher build a scale for skills beyond knowledge in History material for Second Stage for Intermediate Schools about (30 items). Also, the measurement of skills beyond knowledge was implemented on the sample. After gathering the data from students they were treated statistically by using SPSS Program and at the end of the experiment the researcher reached to a result that: the students of the experimental group that studied History according to Entwistle Model superior to those of control group that studied history according to the traditional followed method in measuring skills beyond knowledge. The second hypothesis the superiority was to the favour of experimental group that studied History. As for the third hypothesis, there were no differences between the pre and post-test for skills beyond knowledge in History material.
According to the results of research the researcher recommends the necessity of using Entwistle Model in teaching Islamic History for Second Grade Students because having effect in developing skills beyond knowledge for the students. The researcher suggests conducting similar studies about the effect of Entwistle Model in teaching other educational materials like Geography, Arabic such as Eloquence and literature.

Educational experiences as well as research and studies in the field of education have confirmed the depth of the relationship between art and (education) and their association with interactive results in a framework of mutual influence. Daly Roger refers to the relationship between art and education in emphasizing that the artist and educator work in the same context, although they do not follow the same path, they aim to collect knowledge and work to guide students, and naturally find theatrical activity a place within the school activities. The school and the society complement each other and seek to serve and inform the students. In accordance with this integrative relationship, art derives from the principles and values of social education and intellectual (and educational) goals. In addition, education has found itself compelled to resort to "fine arts" and to use them as technical means (educational). The use of educational television, educational songs and means of illustration as well as the school theater, which has become an important artistic activity within educational institutions The school theater in modern education was considered an educational activity complementing the book and other activities in the school as well as a method of presenting the school curriculum (Harf, 2008: 12) through one of its arts which is school theatre. As the school theater is a form of art in which the actors translate a written text into a representative presentation on stage before an audience of students and the theater needs to lead his message to the scriptural text capable of portraying the educational experience (Alian and Muhammad, 2003, p. 186) Here lies the problem of research, which is the ability of the school theater in one of its arts, which is the curriculum for the delivery of scientific and educational content to students in an easy and enjoyable way.
On this basis, this research, which includes four sections. Section one is based on the problem of research, which is summarized in the following question. What is the art of the curriculum and what are the justifications for using it in the school theater? The section also included the importance of research, which lies in the role of theatrical dramas in communicating the scientific and educational concepts of students through the school stage. The researcher also identified the goal of the research is to be identify by the mechanism of employing the curriculum in the theater performances in the school to highlight the scientific and educational function. The second section clarifies the concept of the curriculum syllabus and what are the conditions that must be provided in the preparation of theatrical play by using the curriculum, as well as what are the criteria for choosing the educational play and how to prepare a school drama and what kinds of plays can be provided by the school theater by using the curriculum and also addressed by the researcher that problem of the text used in the school theater. The third section deals with the presentation of the research procedures and includes a description of the original research community, which included (6) plays for primary school students and research samples, (3) sample and method of analysis of these plays, namely the play (planets) and the play (cell) ), The play (the water cycle), the play (chemical elements) and the play (plants make their own food). The researcher adopted theoretical framework indicators in the analysis of research samples. In the fourth chapter, the researcher came out with a number of results indicating that the curriculum theatre contains a number of scientific and educational concepts and their impact on students' behavior. And reached a set of conclusions and summarized by several points and then suggestions and recommendations that it deems necessary, and conclude the section with a list of sources used to complete this stud

This research aims to identify “The Effect of Thinking Maps Strategy on the Attainment of Second Grade Intermediate Students in Material of Mathematics”. In order to achieve the research aim, the following hypothesis was formulated:
(There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of students who study according to the strategy of thinking maps and the grades of female students who study according to the usual method of attainment).
The study sample consisted of (60 female students) distributed to two groups, one experimental (30 female students) and the other was control group (30 female students). The experimental group was taught in accordance with the strategy of thinking maps, while the control group was taught according to the usual method in teaching. The two research groups were equaled in the following variables (previous attainment in mathematics, intelligence, educational academic attainment of parents). The researcher prepared a test for attainment, consisting of (50 items) of multiple choice type and has been verified of its validity, and the coefficient of stability. The data were treated statistically using (T-Test) for two independent samples and some statistical tools. The results were as follows: the students of the experimental group who studied according to the Thinking Maps strategy exceeded the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method of teaching.

The researcher recommended a set of recommendations, which showed a how strategy of (thinking maps) had clear positive effect on the attainment of students in the second grade intermediate in mathematics, and a number of suggestions, including:
1. Taking care of modern strategies, including the strategy of thinking maps because it is an effective strategy in the teaching of mathematics.
2. Preparing teaching aids for Teachers of math on strategy thinking maps

This research aims to identify “The Effectiveness of Cooperative Survey in Developing Creative Thinking for Fifth Grade Humanities Female Students in Material of History”. To achieve the aims of the research the researcher chose a sample from a school in Governorate of Diyala and prepared the necessary demands for the experiment like behavioral aims, teaching plans, and pre-test and post-test. After implementing the experiment on the sample of post-test the researcher reached to superiority of experimental group female students of those whom were taught using cooperative survey on control group students which were taught using the traditional method. The researcher recommended the necessity of depending on cooperative survey in teaching material of History for fifth grade humanity students, and also to encourage educational institutions and research centers on implementing cooperative survey within the activities and exercises in teaching curriculum and daily life situations, and to make female students the main core in educational process and giving them the biggest role in discussions and inquires and to search for answers, solutions, and inventing most creative ideas to employ them correctly. The researcher suggested conducting similar studies on other grades and classes, and similar studies on other variables like, direction and self-confidence.

The aim of this experimental study is to examine the impact of a phonetic training course on Kurdish EFL student’s pronunciation performance. To accomplish the effectiveness of phonetic training, 100 Kurdish EFL students from the first grade of English department /Salahaddin University (SU) participated in this study. The participants were assigned arbitrarily into two groups, experimental and control. A Key English Test (KET) was administered to them to determine their pronunciation proficiency level. After the pre-test, the experimental group (n=50) received successive phonetic training sessions for sixteen weeks, While the control group (n=50) took their regular class. These phonetic sessions were given three hours a week. Both groups were given a post-test at the end of the course. For analyzing the obtained data, the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used. The quantitative data were analyzed
via calculating the weighted mean, its standard deviation, and percentile of weight.
The results indicated that using phonetic training improved Kurdish EFL students’ English pronunciation, and the experimental group participants were found to have a better performance than the control group.

This study is a descriptive correlation one. Forty-eight students were sampled from the Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies for the academic year 2017/2018, in the first and second semesters, to find out the impact of a student’s level in English on academic performance by identifying the relationship between the students’ levels in English language and their academic performance in LRSK (learning and research skills) and communication skills courses. An English placement test which is: “an exam that is prepared by the English language department and is taken prior to orientation week. This assessment simply measures the student’s English language skills and helps place them in the appropriate English class where they will benefit the most. This test is not included in the student’s GPA and is purely used for placement” is used as a tool of study. Data are collected and analyzed of SPSS. The findings of the study show that there is a strong correlation between the students’ levels in English and their academic performance in Preparatory year at IAU; students whom their level advanced and intermediate in English based on the placement test results performed are better than the students at the beginner level; the importance of this result because of the medium of instruction, which changed two years ago from Arabic to English in these courses, a lot of recommendations were suggested at the end with the findings of the study.

Conventional pedagogical approaches may not be the supreme way to satisfy learners' needs in higher education settings. Learners at this level have special expectations and professional prospects. Besides, in our ever-changing world, we rarely find jobs are being done in the same way they were done a decade ago. One of these jobs or professions is teaching. The way we teach needs to be different from how our teachers taught us. Therefore, teachers need to adopt appropriate pedagogical approaches and constantly update and validate their teaching methods and techniques to fulfil their students' needs in this ever evolving world.
This descriptive study intends to explain how the researchers employed the principles of constructivism, a learning theory, into teaching reading to Kurdish EFL learners with the intent of developing their students’ vulnerable reading. Accordingly, the study provides a detailed description of the daily practices of constructivist principles inside class and portrays how activities were performed. The study intends to focus on the classroom practices and expounds the facts concerning the real current EFL status in Kurdish higher education setting. All of this is done to give a boost to the status of EFL in Kurdistan Region and nourish their needs. The results of the study testify the assumption that the application is expedient to cultivate students’ reading skills and make proper judgments. The study ends up with putting forward some conclusions.