Modern Sport

The research introduction included addressing the importance of various exercises for muscular stretching, which mainly aims to build physical and physiological capabilities under scientific conditions to achieve the purpose for which these exercises were developed. The research problem emerged by observing the low physical level of swimming practices, which leads to continuous muscle spasms as a result Inevitable for poor motor abilities, including flexibility. Through familiarizing the two researchers with the sources and modern research and taking the opinions of experts and specialists, as well as working in the field of fitness and swimming for long periods, they diagnosed an important situation that is constantly repeated among the vast majority of trainees of all ages and is considered one of the dangerous phenomena, which is the phenomenon of weak motor fitness, which inevitably affects the correct movement and preventing the person from performing the correct muscular work. The two researchers used the experimental method for one group, and tests related to physiological variables, and by applying muscle stretching exercises on a sample of the research community, they were chosen randomly. The research sample consisted of (7) trainees. The results were treated by statistical means through the use of (SPSS statistical bag) and the results were presented in tables and discussed. The study concluded that the adoption of muscle stretching exercises works to develop some physiological variables of swimming practices at ages (35-40). The two researchers recommended the need to adopt muscle stretching exercises for swimming practices at ages (35-40) as well as other age groups.

The aim of the research is to identify the effect of the degree of cognitive representation and its role in the power of cognitive control and the performance of the skill of crushing hitting with volleyball. The two researchers used the descriptive approach in collecting and analyzing information, and the scale (Haifa Ali Youssef and Suad Muslim Al-Shabo, 2019) was adopted for the cognitive representation of information, as well as the cognitive strength scale (2:11) prepared by the two researchers (Jinan Ghazi and Naglaa Abbas 2020), and the research sample consisted of students of the third stage of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls, and their number was (30) students who were randomly selected by lottery from the divisions (B-D). The two researchers reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that there is a statistically significant correlation between models of cognitive representation and cognitive control, and there is a significant correlation between models of cognitive representation and the skill of crushing beating in the research sample of third-stage female students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls, and the two researchers recommended: Necessity Paying attention to the cognitive representation of information through paying attention to the cognitive structures of the students while learning the skill of overwhelming multiplication, as it helps to develop sports performance and is necessary Conducting similar studies on different age groups and events

The current research aims to study the comparison of technological excess on the players of the national futsal team, in the fields of health, behavioral, psychological, and social studies, touching on the effects resulting from technological excess, according to the gender variable, using the survey method, which is one of the descriptive methods. The study was conducted on a community of futsal players, numbering (48) of both sexes, who are accustomed to using the Internet and its applications for long periods of time. The effect of technological excess, depending on the theoretical literature for the topic of the current research, and was presented to a group of gentlemen experts and specialists, to ensure its scientific foundations (honesty and reliability), and by analyzing the sample responses and its data using the statistical bag (SPSS), and the study reached a set of results, most notably Comparison of the degree of technological excess among the players of the national futsal team was high, according to the result of the statistical analysis of the sample responses, and there were no significant differences. Moral sound according to the average responses of the sample in the effect of excessive technology on the players of the national futsal team, attributed to the variable (gender), and the researchers presented a set of recommendations, most notably: the players should organize the times of using the Internet, and direct the players and instruct them towards using this technology in a regulated and correct way, as it included not to overdo this modern technology

Recent studies and research concerned with the components of the educational process have been concerned with modern teaching, as for the problem. The two researchers tried to delve into this experiment by using active learning during the lesson to reach the learners to an advanced skill level for some basketball skills and the goal is to prepare educational units, to identify the effect of educational units, active learning in combination inside and outside the cooperative circle, to learn my skills of high bounce and shooting from stability in basketball For the female students, either the research methodology, the two researchers used the experimental approach by designing (two equal groups) due to its relevance to the nature of the research problem. The basket for female students and recommendations Conducting studies for other teaching strategies and for different sports (individual - team)

The importance of the research was determined in that it is a study on the reality of the level of some physical, skill and motor variables in the specialized centers in Baghdad and what are the training differences in these variables in them, where the problem was identified in the lack of studies that give a real reality for training these variables and explaining the reasons for their strength and weakness, and the objectives of the research were to identify the level of the variables and to identify the differences between them in the training centers, in addition to identifying the best in the results. The researcher followed the descriptive survey method, and the researcher used (3) tests commensurate with the requirements of the research. The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that there is a preference for the specialized talent center / Ministry of Youth over the training center group in Karkh and clubs, with statistical significance in the endurance test. The power of speed.

Imagination is inherent to the stages of life and is distinguished from concepts, so the imagination is the formation of ideas in the brain and they are presented and find solutions to them and satisfy the needs for confronting situations, and the importance of research emerged based on the strategy of imagination directed in learning some volleyball skills, and as for the problem of weakness that occurs among students when learning volleyball skills especially for beginners, to show a weakness in their learning of the skillful performance of some volleyball skills. The aim of the research is to prepare educational units with the directed imagination strategy for the fifth preparatory school students, and to identify the impact of the directed imagination strategy in learning to perform some volleyball skills among the fifth preparatory school students. One experimental group with two tests, pre and post, on a sample of (26) students who were randomly selected by (25%) from Division B in a school from Al-Aqila Preparatory School, who are continuing to attend attendance for the academic year (2021-2022), and after determining the tests, the strategy in question was experimented for a period (12) consecutive time weeks for each skill (4) educational units, at the rate of one educational unit per week, and after the end of the experiment it was done together, the results were evaluated using the (SPSS) system, and the two researchers concluded that the application of the guided imagination strategy helps in improving the level of performance of crushing hitting skills, court defense, and the front preparation over the head in volleyball among the fifth preparatory students. With the guided imagination strategy to be applied to students of different stages in a manner that depends on scientific planning according to the foundations and principles of motor learning.

The mobile correspondent strategy is considered one of the strategies that have a major role in the interaction between students in one group and between other groups, the interaction between the students is different and depends on the periods and relationships between the students and their promotion. The importance of research has emerged based on the strategy of the mobile correspondent in social interaction and learning the skill of numbers, and the problem of the research is that there is a weakness in the performance of the skill of numbers, due to the difficulty of the skills of numbers that need to be employed, and the means and methods that facilitate the learning process and make the learning process a fruitful process. To identify the impact of the mobile correspondent strategy on learning the skill of preparing for volleyball for high school students, and to prepare a measure of social interaction for the skill of preparation, and the preparation of educational units with the strategy of the mobile correspondent for the skill of preparing for volleyball, and the experimental approach was adopted for the two experimental and control groups, and the limits of the research community are represented by the students of the scientific fourth in the High School of Excellence for Girls Continuing to study for the academic year (2021_2022) of (140) students. As for the measure of social interaction, it has been dealt with systematic, sequential steps and several statistical treatments to be suitable for the sample. The two researchers prepared the educational units at the rate of two units per week at the rate of (8) educational units for a period of one and a half months, after which the researchers verified the results used using the spss statistical bag, that the measure of social interaction is a valid tool for measuring this indicator for fourth scientific students to achieve them according to scientific conditions and according to the determinants of measurement and evaluation. The two researchers concluded that the application of the mobile correspondent strategy had an impact on learning the skill of preparing through the improvement of their performance and their superiority over the control group, and the development that occurred in the level of students and their commitment and continuity in educational units and following the principle of gradualism in learning the skill, and recommended the need to use the strategy in conducting research on Individual and team games.

Researchers tended to use a variety of methods. Battle rope exercises are one of those methods that are a means to improve the skillful and physical aspects, and the physical and motor abilities are considered one of the pillars on which the physical and skillful preparation depends, and their importance increases in the accuracy of the crushing skill of hitting the volleyball, and from here comes the importance of the re-search with the necessity of diversifying training methods and tools, as it may be the use of exercises Battle rope is the best method for improving the physical level of the players, and their effect is reflected on the accuracy of the skill of the crushing blow. Through the follow-up of the two researchers and their interview with the coach and dialogue with him regarding the players in the specialized center for volleyball, they found weakness in the physical and motor capabilities of the players, which was reflected in the accuracy of the skill of the crushing strike, which prompted The two re-searchers attempted to find out the effect of battle rope exercises on the physical and motor abilities and the accuracy of the smashing skill of the volleyball players. The aim of the research is to prepare Battle rope exercises for the Volleyball Specialist Center and to identify the effect of Battle rope exercises on some physical and motor abilities and the crushing accuracy of volleyball. The two researchers used the experimental design with one experimental group, and the research sample consisted of (10) players in the sport of volleyball. It was chosen by the intentional method, and the duration of the implementation of the training program lasted (8) weeks, at the rate of (3) training units per week. The crushing blow of volleyball players, and the results demonstrated the development of the research group in the explosive ability, which is distinguished by the speed of the arms, and the results demonstrated the development of the research group in agility and compatibility. Similar studies on different age groups.

Finding training methods and methods and innovative exercises based on various sciences and its reflection on new ideas, and perhaps one of these exercises is the S.A.Q exercise style, and Sakyo exercises are among the modern exercises used in the sports field as they improve performance efficiency. As for the problem of the research, the two researchers noticed that there is a decline in completing the 100m hurdles, this requires investigation and search for the reasons for this decline and standing on the obvious weaknesses in the stages of the sprint, which results in a loss of time for the Iraqi runners, compared to the recent developments of this event, which reflects the level of achievement. (S.A.Q) in some biochemical capabilities and the achievement of 100m hurdles for female 100m hurdles runners under (20) years old and on a sample of (8) runners, and after conducting pretests with the help of the assistant work team and applying the program for Sakyo exercises and then conducting posttests to obtain the results. Collecting data and processing it statistically, the two researchers concluded that the adoption of Sakyo exercises (S.A.Q) works to develop biochemical variables and achievement in 100 meter hurdles sprinters. The two researchers recommended the application of the proposed program using Sakyo exercises (S.A.Q) for female runners in the 100-meter hurdles competition with the same intensity, repetitions, and inter-comfort for its role in improving the levels of biochemical variables (sodium, calcium, and enzyme (C.P.K)

The study of history has begun to become increasingly important for those interested in the field of education in general, and physical education and sports sciences in particular. It is a recent study of the past and relying on it. Therefore, studying the history of sports for people with disabilities and their development is of great importance, as it is one of the means to measure the extent of development of societies and their culture in this field. Weightlifting is a sport for people with motor disabilities, and the way to play is for the contestant to lie on the bench (ping bar) and most often the legs are tied to the bench to ensure that the hip and legs do not contribute to the lifting process with the arms, when the player grabs the iron bar (bar) and pulls it to the chest and its stability on it, then push it up without the inclination of the barbell, and the attempt is considered a failure if the player is unable to push the barbell up, or the inclination of the barbell occurs during the push, or raise one side without the other. The study aimed to track the historical process of the participation of weightlifting players with a motor disability weighing 49 kg in the Iraq Clubs Championship for the period (2019-2022), and to identify the most important achievements for weightlifters with motor disabilities, and to analyze and criticize the most important reasons for the level development of weightlifting players from People with motor disabilities, and the two researchers relied in collecting data, information and results on the historical and analytical approach based on a number of references related to the problem of the study, as well as the documents of the Iraqi Paralympic Federation for weightlifting, and included the study community and appointed by weightlifting club players and participants in local tournaments for the period under study. In light of the obtained results, the two researchers came out with a number of conclusions: The participation of weightlifters with motor disabilities was at a good level, as there is an increase in the number of players participating in the tournament, and there is a noticeable increase in the level of lifts recorded for weightlifters with disabilities. Mobility handicap, first place holders. While the most important recommendations are: It is important to follow the historical course of the sports of people with motor disabilities by codifying and objective analysis of the participation and achievement of the players, because these groups represent constructive energies that reflect the development and advancement of Iraqi society, and the need to highlight the sports of people with disabilities by officials and specialists in all state institutions to provide all means of care and attention for them, as well as sports support by preparing all sports supplies and equipment that push them to achieve advanced achievement

The aim of the research is to prepare exercises in both high and repetitive interval training methods to develop some physical capabilities and complete the 400 meters’ hurdles under (18) years old, where the research problem is determined that the achievement of the players of this event does not rise to acceptable levels, as a result of weakness in physical capabilities and achievement, so it has become impossible to develop only through organized training. The two researchers used the experimental approach with the pre and post-test for the experimental and control groups to suit the nature of the research. The research community was determined by the governorate Baghdad players Those who are training in the Al-Bayaa Youth Forum, the Specialized School for Talent Care, the arena and field stadium, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Baghdad for the 2022 sports season, whose number is (10 players), as the research sample was selected in a comprehensive enumeration method, and the sample was divided into two experimental groups and the control group, with (5 players) for each group. One week, the two researchers used the statistical bag (SPSS), and the two researchers reached the most important conclusions that training in two ways High and repetitive interval training had a positive effect on developing some physical abilities and completing the 400-meter hurdles under (18) years old

The importance of the current study lies in the use of a modern educational model that keeps pace with the progress and development of the era, which is the (active thinking) model, which represents one of the models of the constructivist theory that makes the student a focus and part of the educational process and a participant in it. And receiving it in volleyball. The research aimed to identify the effect of active thinking for young players, and to identify the preparation of educational units using the active thinking model to learn the skills of serving and receiving volleyball for young players. The two researchers followed the experimental approach in solving the research problem. The research community was identified with young players aged (14-16) years for the clubs of the Middle Euphrates governorates in volleyball for the sports season (2020-2021), amounting to (72) players, representing (6) clubs, which are (Al-Daghara, Al-Hindiya, Al-Kufa, Al-Qasim, Al-Mashkhab, and Al-Rawdatain), and the researcher excluded the free player (the libero); For the lack of search requirements in them, who numbered (6) players, and thus the total number of the tow researchers community became (66) players, and then the main research sample was chosen from the Kufa Club players by the intentional method, whose number is (12) players, as they represent (18.18%) From the original community, they were distributed equally into two groups (control and experimental) in a random manner. The researchers verified the results using the (SPSS) system. The conclusions are to encourage teaching using the active thinking model to interact with the two skills to be learned in volleyball, and that the experimental group players' acquisition of various skills such as planning, organizing, text review and editing through the active thinking model contributed significantly to their superiority over the control group players. In addition to asking questions and raising them and their positive participation during the lesson, the use of this model helped to enable the players to generate questions and ask them during the lesson. The two researchers recommended that teaching should be encouraged to use the active thinking model to interact with the two skills to be learned in volleyball, as well as to ask questions and raise them and their positive participation during the lesson. Forms of learning to perform one skill in line with the nature and performance of the game of volleyball and its skills and the performance of these exercises in different circumstances

The learner is considered a good basic foundation for scientific progress, so he must be provided with a system of multiple values to build a modern and developed society, hence the use of strategies to open new horizons for learning, including the directed cooperative survey strategy if the research problem arises in moving away from teacher-based teaching and providing opportunities for students to search and survey Under the supervision of the teacher to learn the skills of the attack by changing the direction and the direct straight with the fencing weapon, and the importance of the research was manifested as the process of inquiry is the essence of the relationship between the teacher and the learner and the understanding of the students through the questions asked, which leads to responses as a result of thinking and analysis of the given information and skills, and thus this strategy may contribute to achieving Progress in the level of the skills researched, and the aim of the research is to identify the impact of the directed cooperative investigation strategy in learning the attack skills by changing the direction and the direct straight in the foil weapon for the students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Basra. The two researchers used the experimental approach in the manner of equal groups for its suitability to the nature of the research problem. As for the research community, it is challenged D students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences \ University of Basra, and the research sample was chosen randomly and consisted of (45) students who were divided into three groups, the experimental group consisting of (20) students, the control group consisting of (20) students, and the exploratory group consisting of (5) students, and the two researchers relied on the vocabulary of the fencing curriculum for the third-stage students, and they conducted pre-tests for the two groups and then applied the educational units to the students of the experimental group, while the control group was subjected to the educational boards prepared by the subject teacher, and after completing the application Units Post-tests were conducted for the two groups, and the data were processed using appropriate statistical methods. The two researchers concluded that the directed cooperative survey strategy had a positive effect on learning the skills of the attack by changing the direction and the direct straight attack in the foil weapon for students. Accordingly, they recommended the adoption of the educational units of the directed cooperative investigation strategy prepared by them for its role in achieving positive results in learning the attack skills by changing the direction and the direct straight attack in the foil weapon for students in a better way than others

The importance of the research lies in reaching the players to good levels of attentional control and psychosocial compatibility by performing some of their defensive and offensive skills, and this is what works on the coherence of the defensive and offensive lines and playing centers. Handball, to identify the level of the measure of psychosocial compatibility and defensive skills of the research sample, and the researchers followed the descriptive and experimental approach. 15-17 years old, and their number is (144) players, and the entire community was taken. They were distributed to a sample of scale preparation, samples of exploratory experiments, and a sample of the main experiment. The two researchers chose (24) players from the National Center for Handball Talent Care of the Ministry of Youth and Sports in Wasit Governorate To conduct the main experiment in a deliberate manner, and the two researchers verified the results With the SPSS system, the conclusions are that the exercises prepared by the two researchers were effective in reaching the players to perform the duties within the defensive skills better, as well as the existence of an effective effect of the educational units on the results of the experimental group members within the defensive handball skills, and that the development of attentional control reflected positively on the performance of the players Handball The two researchers recommended that it is necessary to pay attention to the adoption of measures of attentional control to track the level of players in specialized centers, and it is necessary to increase the interest of the departments of physical education and sports sciences in activating mechanisms of cooperation with the faculties of physical education and sports sciences on developing the potential of volleyball teachers within continuing education courses and the need to pay attention to conducting Similar studies on educational stages, or on other sports events and games

The modern scientific progress in the numbers of applied anaerobic exercises to develop the physical capabilities and according to the intensity used in the training and in a manner commensurate with the need of each physical ability in terms of adaptation to physical effort, and the effectiveness of the long jump is one of these activities that require special physical specifications and capabilities aimed at achieving the best achievements, where the research problem is determined in The achievement of female players in the long jump event does not rise to acceptable levels, as a result of a weakness in physical capabilities. Therefore, it has become impossible to develop these capabilities, as well as achievement in the long jump event, except through organized training. The research aims to prepare applied anaerobic exercises in developing some The physical capabilities and achievement in the digital level of the long jump players under 20 years old, and the researcher used the experimental approach with the pre and post-test of the experimental and control groups to suit the nature of the research. The research sample was selected using a comprehensive enumeration method, and the sample was divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group, with a rate of (10 no exercises) for each group, applied anaerobic exercises were applied for a period of eight weeks, at the rate of three training units per week, and the researcher used the statistical bag (spss) to process the data. Long term under 20 years old.