AL-ADAB JOURNAL

This paper aims to answer the question of whether dystopian narratives may have any glimpse of hope although they reflect a pessimistic view of their writers. In Far Away, Caryl Churchill’s most terrifying play despite not including horror scenes except for the parade scene that takes place every night and the terror is reflected through conversation only, the playwright tried her best to shed light on a grotesque vision of a dystopian society where only terrorism, oppression, imprisonment, disloyalty, and violence are found. This dystopian world reveals how everything is considered an enemy to everything else, even nature becomes an enemy to humans and Churchill humanizes nature instead of dehumanizing people. This paper tackles Far Away in the light of the Foucauldian concepts of the docile body, heterotopia, carceral society, power, and surveillance which are reflected by Churchill.

This article investigates the affinities of literature and medicine, projecting some of the most significant aspects where these disciplines intersect: therapy, empathy and epistemology. Literature has been used for therapy since the ancient times of Aristotle and his Theory of Catharsis. Nowadays, terms such as bibliotherapy and scriptotherapy have emerged as “reading” and “writing” are used for therapeutic purposes. Literature courses are also taught at medical colleges since the early 1980s in advanced countries, as research has proved the positive impact of such courses on healthcare workers. Pioneers of \"narrative medicine\" have found an analogy between medical diagnosis and the narrative elements of literature. Besides, some of the writings of patients and doctors can lead to a better understanding of disease. Physician-writers are some of the best examples where literature and medicine combine. Among the issues discussed in this exploratory article is the significance of such writings in the context of medical humanities. The research aims at drawing the attention of researchers to the field of medical humanities which has proved the importance of literature and its employment in scientific fields such as medicine. Literature is larger, benefits and significance, than to be merely the curricula at the academic departments of the humanities.

This paper delves into gamification, or the use of game elements in non-gaming environments. This paper Reflects on the existing game elements in Izayza by Bassim Altayeb while aiming to show the influence of those elements and how this play carries itself in terms of balancing the resulting emotions and thoughts that the reader/the audience gets. It also revolves around how Izayza incorporates gamification to create an experimental environment for its spectators in coordination with the message of the play. The play's unique integration of the audience into the performance, blurring the lines between actors and viewers, reinforces its gamified nature. While maintaining a serious tone, Izayza aligns with the concept that playing and the dramatic arts are not mutually exclusive, providing a thought-provoking and immersive experience for its participants. Lastly, this intersection suggests a relationship between games and drama.

Enis Behiç Koryürek is considered one of the greatest poets and writers in the history of modern Turkish literature in the 20th century. He was one of the five important poets who followed satire in writing poetry. They are also known as the five satirists in the history of Turkish literature who used this style perfectly. Enis Behiç Koryürek was not only a poet but also a teacher and a diplomat. He was born on 27th of March 1893 in Istanbul, then it was the capital of Ottoman empire. This great figure died on 17th of October 1949 and buried in Ankara. In his short life that lasted only 56 years, he wrote several important poems. Although there were three books of poetry for Enis Behiç Koryürek, the most famous poem is the one published in his collection “Miras” or “Inheritance” which becomes the title for the collection. He wrote his poetry in stanzas even though it is not the style of satire, but it was considered the real poetic unity in Turkish poetry. The poet wrote in his poems several national and spiritual elements. He wrote about several other themes like love, nature, nation, soldiers, time, and death. The most effective ones are the national poems that talk about his country. Though the origin of the concept of sin is Persian, it is also used in Turkish and Arabic languages within the same concept that refers to feeling of guilt. It is a term used widely in religious subjects due to committing sinful deeds that God rejects. The concept of committing sins has two dimensions: a religious one and the other has something to do with conscience and feeling of guilt. The concept of sin or being guilty means lechery and bad deeds that lead to wrath of God. It has a punishment in life and one in life after death. Committing any sin may result in punishment by God or to be condemned by society. Regardless of all religious interpretations, there is also a point of view that poets refer to. Enis Behiç Koryürek is considered one of the most important poets who deals with this concept. He deals with sin from different perspectives in his poems. After the abstract, the paper introduces the life, and literary carrier of the poet, Enis Behiç Koryürek. The paper studies his collection by selecting some of them focusing on the concept of sin. Finally, the paper studies in detail the concept of sin in the collection of poems “Inheritance” by the poet Enis Behiç Koryürek.

This article presents four cuneiform tablets from the confiscated collection in the Iraq Museum in Baghdad. The texts likely originate from the Umma provenance, and are dated to the reign of Amarsuen (AS9) and šusuen (šS2) of the Ur III dynasty. The tablets contain information about the field Ageština, which is also mentioned in Ur III texts. We trace the location of a- ša3-a-ge štin-na,the area of the Ageština, and agricultural processes through additional texts available in the BDTNS database, complementing the information found in our unpublished texts.

Africa is a continent undergoing rapid change. However, a lot of people continue to be ignorant of it due to myths and misinformation. In many ways, Africa is a marginalized continent. Still, there is no denying that things are shifting and will probably change much more quickly. This paper examines the claims made for and against "good governance" in terms of its actual contributions to development. In three areas-the consequences for Africa's economic development, the evidence-based approach to the "good governance" objective, and its impact on the continent- it offers a concise synopsis of the research and evidence. The following sections cover the following subjects: The second section looks at the history of the debate over African governance from the 1970s to the 1990s; the third section looks at the arguments and rebuttals that have dominated academic discourse since 2000; the fourth section applies the findings to the issue of moving Africa from economic growth to economic transformation; and the fifth section concludes that comprehensive governance reform is not always necessary for developing Africa to advance economically

This study explores one of the language issues, which is the formation of linguistic patterns and their coherence through rhythm and phonetic proportion. Upon examining the available examples and evidence, it becomes clear that its effects are evident at the phonetic, morphological, syntactic, and semantic linguistic levels, playing a prominent role in transitioning from one linguistic pattern to another. It also becomes apparent that the phonetic proportion studied conforms to what the Arabic language allows and corresponds to its system at times while contradicting it at other times. This is in contrast to algebraic proportionality, which requires changes, substitutions, or alterations, as known in linguistic thought regarding issues like assimilation and substitution. As for the mechanism through which rhythm operates, it can be categorized into two directions: the first involves deviation from standard patterns by utilizing language laws to their fullest, such as the laws of similarity, opposition, assimilation, and intonation. The second involves a violation of the standard rule, deviating from it to another pattern without linguistic justification, except for the law of rhythm itself, if its designation as a law is accurate. In essence, both directions represent a linguistic repertoire alongside standard patterns, encompassing linguistic forms at the vocabulary or structural levels, as language has various levels and eloquence encompasses various forms

The art of Diwaniyah and Brotherhood letters formed an important pillar in the code of Arabic literature, and it grew during the Abbasid era and became his specific rules and structure. It has been weighed down by costliness and artificiality Badi'I. The writers of the Mamluk era have walked in different directions to develop this art, and many works have emerged to establish it, and Ibn Fadl Allah Al-Omari is the most prominent flags of artistic writing in the first Mamluk era in theory and application, and his book (Shtouiat) can be considered a distinctive model for the Brotherhood letters, it contains dozens of letters exchanged between Omari and writers and scholars of his time, so it reflects the extent to which the art of letters reached in the 8th century of migration. The Shtouiat letters are characterized by their tendency to renew in the structure, most writers and scholars have exceeded the traditional and familiar conclusion, but these letters did not get rid of the constraints of cost and industry Badi'I.

This research includes different types of morphological examples, which the research required to include. The research had been divided into sections according to the examples mentioned in rajaz poem, following the sequence in which it was presented in general, and then separating between one example and another by the verse in which the example was mentioned. The examples were verbs and nouns - which are the field of morphology - explaining the meaning of those examples in the language, and their significance in the text. Because morphology and language in general have topics that overlap, then I identified the roots of these examples from which they were derived. I benefited from the book (Abu Nasr Al-Farukhi and his Rajaz Poem in Al-Dhaa and Al-Dhaad), edited by Professor Dr. Taha Mohsen Abdel Rahman.

With the consensus of all translators and researchers, there are many difficulties facing the translator, foremost of which is the translation of cultural references, it is not enough for the translator to master the language of the source and the language of the target and to know the secrets of the two languages, but it must not stop at that, but it is important to know the culture of the two peoples (the culture of the source and the target) in order to obtain an acceptable translation. This study aims to explain the strategies used in transmitting proper names when translating. The novel Winter 84 by Ismail Faseeh, which was translated by the translator Muhammad Alaa Al-Din Mansour from Persian into Arabic, in which we noticed a lot of media name references that we extracted and highlighted and we relied on the strategies proposed by Ritva Leppihalm in translating proper name referrals, and the study showed that the strategies used in transferring the aforementioned references were to keep the name unchanged or delete the name and replace it with a known name in the target language culture or keep On the name with the mention of clarification and guidance for readers of the target language or changing some letters of the name to suit the culture of the target language.

This research investigates the news style in the collection of a poet from the second Abbasid era distinguished by his allegiance to the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them). It delves into the grammatical structures utilized by Al-Khulai'i in his diwan, examining the affirmations incorporated into his texts to persuade the audience of the news he aims to convey. The study raises questions about whether Al-Khulai'i succeeded in employing various types of news in his poetry, and whether his news was initiatory, request-based, or negational. Additionally, the research explores other rhetorical purposes to which the news is directed in Al-Khulai'i's poetry

Science fiction literature in the developed world receives great attention in critical literary circles. It is not possible to search for science fiction novels in the Emirates without coming up with the name of the writer Noura Ahmed Al Noman, who is considered the first writer and novelist specializing in the field of science fiction. Through this research, we shed light on the first Emirati novelist to write a science fiction novel in her novel (Ajwan). Science fiction is the ideal means of linking literary culture and scientific culture. It is a type of fiction that takes the reality of scientific and technological progress on society and individuals as its primary subject. Critics and researchers paid attention to place because of its importance as an authentic element and a basic component that cannot be overlooked or ignored in studying the text, as characters move in a spatial space, and events must have a place in which they occur or take place. Each element of the novel has its own importance.

This research is titled “The Kouroi, the History of the Body in Ancient Greek Art,”. It deals with the subject of anthropomorphic sculpture of the body, which was generally characterized by its depiction naked in statues that pertain to the male element, while avoiding that in female statues, even if examples of them were not devoid of being found. The subject was dealt with after the introduction. According to the headings of four paragraphs, which are in succession: First: The general meaning of the chorus. Second: The chorus, the technique, the material, the artistic style. Third: Why the body. Fourth: The position of the Greek philosophers on the chorus, and then the results. The research reached a number of results, the most important of which is that the Kouroi is a characteristic of Greek art specifically, and that among its manifestations is racism. It demonstrated the ability of the Greek artist to embody the human body in a statue that confirmed the artist’s knowledge of anatomy, and also revealed the fact of the body’s annihilation after death that led the ancient Greek to He evoked a naked statue whose physical integrity shows strength and spectacle, thus replacing the symbol with which it is symbolized

The study dealt with one of the important topics, which is the attitude of Saad bin Abi Waqqas (may God bless him and grant him peace) regarding the strife that occurred among the Muslims in terms of the strife that the best companions of the prophet were exposed to. The people therein divided into two parties, but Saad took a third action, is named an isolation, and this is what will be explained. This study also played the role of Saad bin Abi Waqqas in the beginnings of the strife before the killing of Othman, then his role after his killing (may God be pleased with him), and also his role in the triumph of Ali bin Abi Talib and the wars that occurred among Muslims at the same time, and his retirement from arbitration at that time, then After that Saad's role came in the caliphate of Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan (may God be pleased with him), and it began after the killing of Ali bin Abi Talib (may God be pleased with him) and Muawiyah assumed the caliphate later. The main problem in this research revolves around how the sources deal with a turning point in Islamic history, with the aim of highlighting the distinguished role of one of the major companions (may God be pleased with them), and raising several subsidiary questions, which are: What is the role of Saad bin Abi Waqqas in the caliphate of Uthman and his position on the protests on him? What is Saad bin Waqqas’s attitude on the succession of Ali and the internal wars during his reign? What is Saad bin Waqqas’s attitude on the caliphate of Muawiyah?
In this research, a significant number of authentic sources were consulted, the most important of which are Al-Baghdadi (Dictionary of the Companions), Ibn Bakr Al-Andalusi (Introduction and Statement on the Murder of the Martyr Uthman), Abu Jaafar Al-Baghdadi (Names of Assassinated Noble Men in Pre-Islamic times and Islam), and Ibn Al-Jawzi (Al-Muntazim in History of Kings and Nations), Ibn Dihiyah Al-Kalbi (Importance of the clear victory in the comparison between the people of Siffin), and other sources. According to the information contained in these sources, and based on the historical and descriptive approaches, the research reached several results, including: that Saad bin Abi Waqqas developed an approach in dealing with temptations, which was to withdraw from them and for the Muslim to forsake his religion, and that Saad bin Abi Waqqas had followed the Book of God and the Sunnah of his prophet. In various matters of his life, perhaps what happened during his travel to the Levant; Rather, it is clear evidence of his knowledge and jurisprudence in the Islamic religion, and perhaps his attitude with Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan. It is evidence of his courage and true testimony. The study assumed - based on the number of primary sources relied upon -. Saad bin Abi Waqqas, like other Muslims, was exposed to many types of material, social, moral and physical harm, but this did not distract his Islamic faith nor his neutral attitude, and he continued to fight to support the Islamic religion. The study derived its material primarily from historical sources, and relied on a number of references that dealt with this topic and addressed some aspects of this period of time and the events that followed. In addition, it did not neglect contemporary references,the information and data contained in subsequent references that addressed relevant aspects of the topic

This research seeks to clarify the reforms during the reign of Sultan Al-Ashraf Sayf Al-Din Barsbay (825 - 841 AH/1422-1438 AD), focusing on administrative and military reforms, judicial reforms, economic reforms, and social reforms. The study followed a historical research approach, and arrived at conclusions presented at the end of the study, followed by proposals and recommendations. The significance of this research lies in uncovering Sultan Al-Ashraf Barsbay’s reforms during his nearly sixteen-year rule. It introduces the administrative and military reforms he implemented, discusses the judicial reforms within the Mamluk state, examines the economic reforms he undertook, and explores his attempts at social reforms that could contribute to development. The research addresses the following questions:
1. Did Sultan Al-Ashraf Barsbay initiate reforms during his reign?
2. How did his reforms impact various aspects of life in Egypt?
3. Did the reforms encompass administrative and military aspects of the state?
4. How did the economy respond to the reforms?
5. What were the key judicial modifications implemented by Sultan Al-Ashraf Barsbay?
6. Considering the social context and challenges faced by the state, did Sultan Al-Ashraf Barsbay introduce meaningful social reforms?
The research aims to highlight Sultan Al-Ashraf Barsbay’s reforms during his rule.
Timeframe: The temporal scope covers the period from (825 - 841 AH/1422 - 1438 AD).
Geographical Boundaries: The geographical boundaries include Egypt and Greater Syria

In this study, we discussed the topic of Orientalism according to Saeed, this Palestinian thinker, whose work in literature did not avoid him from taking the advantage from Michel Foco’s philosophical point of view in founding a critical vision of the Orientalism concept. Saeed accomplished a major cognitive project in criticizing Western culture, as his book “Orientalism” is considered a basic reference that he embodied his critical vision of the hegemonic character of Western culture. Through his analysis of Orientalist discourses; he shed the light on how knowledge was involved in the imperialist project, which served as the methodological framework that justified colonialism, thus revealing the Orientalists’ hidden grudges and the making of preconceived judgments about the East that ultimately express the will to dominate and pave the way for Western colonialism. Edward Saeed was guided by a different approach in analysis, represented by reading Orientalism as a discourse, relying on the tools of discourse analysis framework by Michel Foco.

Iraq is witnessing many demographic changes in its population, whether in terms of size, distribution, and age composition, which casts a shadow on the reality of the residents’ lives and their quality of life, which results in a number of problems that include several axes, such as the environment and the economy, as well as the inaccuracy of the database necessary to develop future plans to solve current problems or data. The research relied on data available from official authorities in particular to reduce its severity and damage in the future, and via Ministry of Planning for different years according to the need for research or the availability of data for the period from the sixties of the twentieth century until the year 2020. The research reached a number of results, the most important of which is that the population growth rate in Iraq, despite its decline to 2.6‎%‎. During the period 2009-2020, however, the size of the population increase is still large and constitutes pressure on the economy and the environment. Iraq is negatively affected, as unemployment rates are still high, the gender gap is large, and food security is at its lowest levels.
Availability and deterioration of the Iraqi environment, especially the shortage of water and encroachment on agricultural lands due to natural factors and the current problems affecting humanity, which will increase in severity in the future, are the most prominent problems due to the lack of applicable plans and solutions

It seems that the blue heavenly stone known as lapis lazuli has been known to the peoples of the ancient world, since the fifth millennium BC, and it quickly gained sanctity in the cultures of those peoples, because of its blue color, which is similar to the color of the sky. The scarcity of this semi-precious metamorphic stone is due to the processes of its formation in nature as a result of magmatic contact with carbonate rocks (limestone or dolomite) and the scarcity of its production in nature due to the great complexity of the processes of its existence. In addition, the aura of sanctity that surrounded it in ancient civilizations made it more expensive than other precious metals such as gold. This prompted its trade routes to grow and develop rapidly since the fifth millennium BC to cover most of the ancient world at that time. The Badakhshan mines in Afghanistan emerged as the main and almost the only region in the ancient world for mining and exporting lapis lazuli, and their global importance continued to expand with the continued quality of lapis lazuli stones extracted from their mines, as in the Sar-e-Sang lapis mine. Although there are discoveries of lapis lazuli in the Baikal region and elsewhere, its low quality makes it unable to compete with Afghan lapis lazuli. Land and river transportation operations have been used to transport lapis lazuli since the middle of the fourth millennium BC, and sea transportation entered this field after 3500 BC. In addition, lapis lazuli stones arrived from Afghanistan to ancient Iraq during the Ubaid civilization (4500 - 3500 BC) and have been of great importance in Mesopotamia since that time. The development of lapis lazuli trade routes and the prosperity of its trade with the societies of ancient Iraq, came from its scarcity and the transformation of this scarcity into sanctity after it was used with gold in the creation of statues and figures of the ancient gods for the inhabitants of Mesopotamia.

After the development in the field of spatial technologies, including (GIS) and (GPS), it was necessary to employ these technologies to serve geographical research. The research aims to highlight the spatial distribution of the size of livestock in the Musayyib district and the adequacy of the production of this wealth to meet the population’s needs for meat, milk, eggs, honey, and fish. By preparing maps using (GIS) and (GPS). In the first section, cartographic representation methods were used in the program (Arc Gis 10.4) to show the extent of the discrepancy between the administrative units of the Musayyib District. In the second section, global positioning techniques (GPS) were used via the Garmin Etrex 10 device, which has an error rate of (+ or -5 metres) to determine the locations of livestock breeding places, apiaries, and fish cages of both types. These locations were indicated by specifying geographical coordinates and tabulating them. Then project them onto the maps and extract them in the form shown in the section. The researcher concluded this research with recommendations, including the continuous use and updating of livestock sites to know the extent of changes that occur from time to time.

The study dealt with the challenges that faced education in government secondary schools in Khartoum State in the light of the Corona pandemic. The study aimed to identify the most important challenges. The importance of this study addresses an important segment of society, namely students. Because of the importance of education in society to produce generations with scientific thinking skills based on transparency and social responsibility, this study may benefit decision-makers by providing the necessary needs for use, and to develop distance education programs held by the Ministry of Education. The research relied on the analytical descriptive approach, as well as on studies and research published in the field of e-learning. The results of the study are the weakness in the use of technological skills for the teacher and the student in distance education, the weakness of the Internet in homes and power outages in many times, and the lack of computers for students by the Ministry of Education. The educational environment is not qualified to provide this electronic service, and the lack of most educational and academic institutions in employing modern technology within their educational plans. The researcher came out with several recommendations; the most important of which is the need to open a wide field for training teachers and students to use distance education platforms, improving internet and electricity services, strengthening the infrastructure in government schools in Khartoum State, Reviewing school curricula in order to comply with the requirements of distance education, the need for government agencies responsible for education to focus on providing equipment and tools for all students to ensure that students are not deprived of their basic right to education.

This study aims to identify the family and professional pressures faced by Emirati women and affected their participation in political and societal life, despite the UAE’s progress in empowering woman and providing them with appropriate opportunities, but they still face challenges in this area The study relied on the process of a social survey using a questionnaire, consisting of (16) items, and study population consisting of Emirati women of different age, educational and cultural groups.

This study tends to describe the development stages of alienation from philosophy to sociology, and to shed light on the transformations that have occurred in the concept from different aspects. The study adopts a descriptive approach and deals with three stages of the development of the idea of alienation, starting with the philosophical stage represented by the efforts of “Thomas Hobbes”, “John Locke”, “Jean-Jacques Rousseau”, and “Friedrich Schiller” which included the intellectual contributions explained alienation based on the legal and religious context. Followed by the Hegelian stage represented by “Friedrich Hegel “where alienation turned into a concept concerned with studying the core of human reality, and arrived at the scientific stage, which contained the contributions of sociologists in the fields of work, bureaucracy, and the social system. “Marx” looked to alienation as a social-historical phenomenon linked to the social and economic conditions of capitalist society, while “Durkheim“ explained it by the absence of social standards. Also, “Fromm“ explained it as a loss of freedom which is a result of societal control and technological development. Finally, “Seeman “presented the concept basic and derived meanings of alienation, which led to extract five independent elements. Reaching the Islamic stage, contributions of Islamic thought regarding the concept of estrangement have been presented. Among these contributions are those of “Ibn al-Qayyim” who views estrangement as a path to reaching Allah, “Ibn Bajjah” who links estrangement to the virtuous city, and “Abu Hayyan” who depicts estrangement as isolation. These perspectives offer diverse and nuanced insights into the phenomenon of estrangement within Islamic philosophical discourse. In general, the results revealed the transformation of alienation from a theoretical philosophical to a scientific and applied topic that can be studied and analysed from a social perspective through three stages, and a result of the intellectual contributions of many philosophers and scientists.

The current research dealt with the topic "Characteristics of Generation Z and its most important psychosocial problems in UAE society", which, in the view of many researchers, is a worthwhile topic and offers an in-depth understanding of what Generation Z is, its characteristics and the imbalances affecting social construction, it reveals the growing value collision of the Generation Z and its versatility , in addition to being subject to a situation of double standards, due to the effects of the digital virtual world, which has provided countless outlets of interaction and interchange between multiple cultures. However, due to this unconditional openness to the outside world and other civilisations without the existence of rules or values guiding this liberty has shown us that it may result in a number of psychosocial and social issues among the Z generation, the most prominent of which are: Isolation and hesitation about participating in society, overthinking, and worrying about the future, emotional fragility, as well as depression caused by an absence of real-life relationships and conflicts with oneself. Moreover, mental distraction as a result of adhering to ideals imposed on them as well as the stipulates of the values and contents of digital media. Furthermore, the existence of behaviours that society and families reject as being outside the norm and what is socially recognised, which may lead to conflict between generation Z and the generation of parents, also making comparisons between themselves and what celebrities and influencers set and own in digital applications and finally, moral degeneration against absolute freedom and lack of supervision. Searching try to understanding the need to create a different interpretation of numerical and its effects on Generation Z by digital sociologists and looking at modern standards to recognise the interrelationships between them and segments and phenomena of society, i.e., the ways in which Generation Z is treated in the digital space. In addition, the research confirms that the role of social establishment as an educational institution should be activated in the process of preparing, supporting, and embracing the members of Generation Z by enhancing their awareness of the reality, shaping their personality, developing their abilities and knowledge, and enriching their culture.

The current study aimed to identify the extent to which the drug prevention campaigns provided to parents in the Emirate of Sharjah follow international standards for drug prevention, and to identify this evaluation according to gender and the work of the mother or father and educational achievement, and how these campaigns can be developed, and to achieve its goals. A questionnaire was prepared based on the theory of social control, which was applied to a stratified random sample consisting of a parent of students at the University of Sharjah in a proportional manner, and using the social survey approach. The results indicated that the campaigns presented follow international standards for drug prevention when designing prevention campaigns presented to parents, and there is a difference between males and females in their evaluation of the campaigns, and there is a difference in evaluation according to the educational attainment of the parents. The study recommended intensifying the campaigns because of their effectiveness in reducing drug abuse

The study aimed to reveal the role of psychological rehabilitation programs in the societal reintegration of people of determination, and to address the growing impact they have on the reintegration of people of determination, and the impact of this on the psychological state of people of determination, and the increasing levels of their integration into society. An applied study was conducted at the Zayed Higher Organization for People of Determination in Abu Dhabi, and the opinions of the beneficiaries were surveyed about the institution’s psychological rehabilitation programs, using the social survey approach through personal interviews with (70) beneficiaries. The interviews resulted in a number of results that were summarized in that the rehabilitation programs. Psychological services play a major role in improving the levels of community participation for people of determination and contribute significantly to their reintegration. These programs also have a growing role in improving the levels of community integration of people of determination through designing and planning a number of effective programs in implementing that role. Psychological rehabilitation is considered one of the necessities of community rehabilitation for people of determination to reintegrate them into society, and psychological rehabilitation programs are programs with special and specific standards and capabilities that are commensurate with the capabilities of people of determination, but they have common denominators that aim to integrate people of determination into society, control their behaviors, and enable them to Building social relationships. The study recommended the necessity of practicing and implementing psychological rehabilitation programs on a continuous and organized basis for people of determination, especially since they have proven their effectiveness in integration. It also recommended the necessity of adopting a transparent methodology and a clear vision regarding care centers for people of determination and supporting them logistically and financially to ensure higher achievement. Quality level rates for serving people of determination.

This research aims to study the types of abuse committed against children in the UAE society, specifically in the emirates of Dubai and Sharjah, where it shed light on a purposive sample consisting of 22 male and female children whose abuse required them to be placed in shelters affiliated with the Children and Women’s Care Foundation in Dubai and the Social Welfare Home affiliated with the Department of Social services in Sharjah. The researcher used the qualitative approach, specifically the case study approach, through an in-depth study of case files and interviewing case managers. The study focused on identifying the type of abuse used. Emotional abuse occupied first place, especially since its occurrence coincided with other abuses and was not the only reason for the child’s admission to the shelter center, followed by abuse and neglect. Then there is physical abuse, the last of which is sexual abuse. The study focused on the types of therapeutic programs provided to the victim within the shelter center to help the victim get rid of the effects of the assault and help them towards integration into society

The study aims to identify the role of social care institutions in the United Arab Emirates in providing services to the families of martyrs, which includes clarifying the importance and objectives of social care for the families of martyrs, reviewing government and private institutions that provide social care services to these families, presenting obstacles to providing services, and presenting important proposals to activate the role of social care institutions with the families of martyrs in the United Arab Emirates. The study has revealed many obstacles facing social welfare institutions with the families of martyrs, and the most prominent of these obstacles is the difficulty of obtaining funding and the distance of social care institutions from Islamic references in literature such as solidarity and charity. The study found that creating special funds for spending on the families of martyrs, in-kind and cash donations from businessmen and facilitators, and forming many committees to care for the families of martyrs in some regions of the UAE, providing support for them, and focusing on building community partnerships with charitable and civil institutions are among the most important recommendations of the study.

The study aimed to investigate abuse against people with visual disabilities in the UAE society. To achieve the study's objectives, a quantitative approach was employed using a survey tool. The study was conducted on a purposively selected sample of 45 individuals with visual disabilities from the UAE society. The study yielded several key findings, including that the highest age group represented was between 18-25 years old, with a majority being female. Most of the sample consisted of Emirati nationals with a bachelor's degree or equivalent education. Regarding forms of abuse, an elevated incidence of harassment by other individuals towards people with disabilities was observed. The study also found statistically significant relationships between age, gender, social status, educational level, and abuse experienced by individuals with visual impairments. In terms of the consequences of abuse on individuals with visual disabilities, the most pronounced effect was a lack of trust in others.

This research aims to define the documentary discourse analysis in the novel "The Great Madness" by the jewish writer Avikdor Hamiri, which is one of the first novels within this literary genre, whether at the level of world literature or modern Hebrew literature. This new type of novel appeared after the First World War; It has received wide resonance in the international literary circles; This is a result of documenting the remnants of the war of destruction, devastation and millions of victims. This type of novel is based on documentation and historical fiction. This research is divided into two chapters, the first chapter dealt with "the concept of documentation", "the history of the documentary novel", and "the biography of the writer".As for the second chapter, the research defines and analyzes the novel and the role of the discourse of documentation in its selection and then discusses its social dimension, and explains that the social events that preceded the outbreak of the First World War, which were dominant over society, such as the discourse of preparation for war and revenge against enemies and colonialism. In the analysis of the novel, the impact of the dominant discourse, which is the discourse of war, appeared in the formation of wrong and even dangerous social trends among people, starting with the emergence of encouraging currents to wage war and educating people to prepare for it, ending with throwing innocent citizens into war and death. The researcher reached a conclusion that the writer Avikdor Hamiri is the first to write this type of novel, and thus preceded the writers Truman Capote, Norman Mailer, John Berendt and Don DeLillo in this field.

The research deals with the letters of condition in the Arabic and Syriac languages; a comparative Semitic linguistic study. The research dealt with the concept of the condition and its definition in language and idiomatically, as well as the principles of the condition method in general and its patterns. Then it dealt with the conditional tools and their types in Arabic and Syriac. The research then presented the letters of condition in a detailed manner supported by examples and sentences taken from the ancient and modern sober Arabic and Syriac grammatical sources, indicating their number, purpose and grammatical cases, as well as the differences and compatibility between them in the Arabic and Syriac languages. The reason for choosing the letters of condition as a subject for our research is the difference between the Arab and Syriac grammarians about the naming of the letters of the condition and limiting their number and type in terms of nominalism and literalism. Despite the importance of the subject of the condition, but it did not receive sufficient due studies and research, especially in the Syriac language, where the importance of studying this research lies in the importance of the subject of the letters of the condition and the extent of their wide use in all languages, especially in the Semitic languages. At the end of the research, the most prominent results extracted from it were presented.