Anbar University Journal of Islamic Sciences

Praise be to God who is perfect. The hearts become afraid of Him faithfully and assuredly. The minds surrender to Him after debate. The hearts are fascinated by his wonderful making. People believed in Him because of his evidences. I testify that there is no God but Allah who is the All-hearing and knowing. I also testify that our messenger and dearest Mohammed ( Pease be upon Him) perform fidelity and convey the message. However; the judge, Abdul-Jabbar (Allah has mercy upon Him) is the Imam (leader) of mysticism. It is a sect which appeared in pre-Islam around the first of second century. I adopt a rational approach in researching of Islamic creed. They have several names such as fatalism, Al-Jahmiya , the inoperative, people of just and unity of God ... etc. Their famous principles are five in number. The judge, Abdul-Jabbar (Allah has mercy upon Him) classify many books of doctrines according to his creed. Today, we study his interpretation, called Al-Kabeer (bulky) or Al- Muheet (comprehensive) who mentions mystical issues through his interpretation of Quranic verses. He has dealt with unifying , threatening and the sentence of those who commit great sins. The most important issues of mystics is the falsity of predestination and the creation of Quran. I mention the opinion of judge, Abdul-Jabbar (Allah has mercy upon Him) in each issue. He also refutes some issues according to the creed of Sunni and sect. I also mention his creed in his interpretation. As we said, it was the mystical creed. The reader will notice that when he comes across to it through reading. I pointed out the influence of the judge, Abdul-Jabbar (Allah has mercy upon Him) on interpreters. I came across the situation of predecessor via mystical interpretation. Finally, God\\'s blessing and peace be upon our prophet, Mohammed. (peace be upon Him).

With attempts of politicians and the laws in the crows, and blessing relate in him, connection of dependence, or prefecture, for noon’s valuable civilized secular material, and that valuable suitable in humanitarian, and generalization be necessary on my son the human being, and pregnancy of all the nations and the people on loans her, including that people the world of the Islams. Not to that she did not noticeable successes receive, nor voluntary acceptances, whether in countries of the west, mother in changed her from countries of the scientist, nor place of the doubt and the doubtfulness ends, before states of the world and his people, where that humanitarian excitement the values in the secular civilization of the westerner, he means from the colonialist means grow, for intervention in the worldwide matters. Of which deprived the humanitarian confidence in your hill the invitations, especially and that befriends that invitations humanitarian their more states the world of violation for truths the humanity all, and especially in the wars and related her and her results. Fulfilled opposite this invitations humanitarian the her humanitarian pragmatism for colonization the people and violation, aimed this zealous student to statement of bone of the Islam,That he he and restricted him suitable in honoring the human, and the governor on truths the human, and the rescuer for weakened from my son the human, opposition for side from the sides humanitarian self the relation in the wars and laws and evoked her, uncovering his about range the mercy at that all him, interview in the harshness and the ugliness which walks on her the states secular in politics the wars, and what suffer her people the world from puppies absence the Islam about battle live and about the control in the politics international and showed the zealous student collected from the pivots the chief in politics the wars and remains her, in what returns on human in the welfare and keeps on the human being truths their the humanity. At her exhibition the researcher be new that this pivots and the laws of the officer for behaviors in the war and the peace of what be necessary that international laws of bricks of the human being is, honor for human and his truths kept for, and human rescue from injustice criminal and their tyranny.

BY the name of Allah most gracious most merciful
This paper is about \"The different opinions about the traveling where the prayer being shorten\" of the Imam (Mohammed Bin Ali Al Shawkani), which is a juristic manuscript of Al Dhahiri doctrine, in which he presents some of the rules that concern travelling:
- The travel where the prayer being shorten.
- The distance which make the shortening of the prayer possible.
- The kind of traveling in which the prayer being shorten.
- The period of the shortening in the prayer during the travel.
And it was clear during the presenting of the rules and sayings that: The preponderant about the matter of the distance which allow shortening the prayer is what the Dhahirians and others of not specifying the distance to make the shortening possible and it is possible to shorten at all what it calls travel whether it is lexical or customary due to the strength of their evidence and the weakness of the others\', and also because the others\' evidence is not clear enough.

Allah has undertaken the process of reserving Holly Quran as a guide for Islamic nation to the doomsday. While Torah had excited in a pure and total form in the age of Zechariah, Yahiya, and Jesus (Peace be upon them), the holly Quran told about some truths founded in the copies of Torah in addition to many of calamities and lyings (scandals) which have been added after their time. Therefore, we could take and deduct from Torah based on what our Holly Quran and Al Hadith Sharif asserted. Accordingly, this research indicated that the process of misrepresentation of the Torah facts is not modern but it came from the old time. In fact, the Jewish have performed this process of misrepresentation of facts through many means such as change words or adding texts to the original copy. Furthermore, families of prophets have a great destiny of this process whereas they had been depicted as disreputable and incoherent families and being far from the religion traditions and teachings as well.

Thanks to Almighty God and peace be upon our leader Mohammed and all his family members and companions.
God has created human beings in the image of males and females and arranged to them rules that are suitable to their nature. Almighty God said, “A male is not like a female”
The equality between women and men in all respects of life can not be achieved because there are some creation, fate and religious differences between them. A human being is assigned a role which is suitable with his/her capacity and thus would be gromted rights depending on what he/she deserves. The elimination of equality between man and woman does not necessarily mean preference of one to another. In our present day, some concepts are misinterpreted, therefore, it has become necessary to point out the real intentions of such concepts through the explanation of jurisprudents who emphasized that when there are cases of extra rights to men.
The research consists of five parts: The introduction refers to the significance of the topic and the reason for choosing it. Part one deals with witness by women and details are given about it in addition to issue of punishment, marriage and divorce. Part two is concerned with women’s divorce of men. If divorce is originally in the hand of man, it is possible that the wife puts a condition that divorce should be in her hand if she fears that her rights are usurped after marriage. In part three, I pointed the compensation to women in case of harm,- injures and the justification of having less compensation than men in certain cases. Part four is concerned with women heritage and it refers to cases where their shares are increased as compared to men. In part five, we pointed out to case where women are given the power of rulers and judges . And because this part deals with rights in particular and because the assignement of such roles involves some difficulty and trouble, some jurisprudents insisted on the limitation of women’s authorities in this regard. Finally, the conclusion summarizes the results reached in this research, and thanks to Allah, God of all mankind.

Religious sciences are the superior and topmost important sciences than the person should learn. Almighty God has provided some people to serve this religion (Islam) at any period of time to elucidate its rules for all human being. One of these people is Imam Abu Nasser Al-Sabagh, author of “Al-Shamel” (The comprehensive in Jurisprudence). Which is one of most important and best of Al-Shafia books.
The title of the present paper is “The Religious viewpoints of Imam Abi Nasser Ibn Al- Sabagh Al-Shafia\' in Purity: A Juridical Comparative Study through the Book of Heliat Al-Ulama’ (Ornament of Scholars). Abu Nasser is an Iraqi scholar who was born in 400 B.C and studied at Al-Nedhamia school in Baghdad and died and buried there. He is one of Al-Shafia\' scholars and is considered a prominent figure in this sect. He has certain religious viewpoint scattered in the most important books, the researcher has been very keen to collect them on a section specified for purity to look into them, compare them with other sects\' followers and select the most plausible of these views depending on the power of evidence.
The most important results of the paper are:
1-Historians and genealogists did not differ at his surname and ancestry. He is Abu Nasser Abed Al-Saeed Bin Mohammed Bin Abdul Wahed Bin Ahmed Bin Tafer Al-Baghdadi.
2-Abu Nasser was born in Baghdad in 400 and lived in Dar Al-Maratib. He was the first to study at Al-Nedhamia school.
3- Abu Nasser has some publications such as; Comprehensive jurisprudence, The perfect in Dispute, Remembrance of the Scholar and the Right Path, Sufficient Answers for Questions, Waiting period according to Fundamentals of Jurisprudence for a Wife Whose Husband is Dead and the Legal Opinion.
4-It has been confirmed that any person having two dishes; one is pure and the second is impure, should spoil them and ablute with earth then do his prayers as worshippings are based on precaution.
5-It has been confirmed that the skin does become pure through drying by sun, it should be tanned.
6-It has been confirmed that order in ablution in not a must.
7-It has been confirmed that any person who becomes certain of excrement or purity but has doubt of which comes before the other should trace his state before these conditions. Should he have an excrement, he is now pure, but if he was pure, now he should have made an excrement.
8-It has be confirmed that guffaw does not turn a prayer but ablution imperfect.

The paper tackles the criminal association in law which means that more than one person have commitad crime . It has two conditins the which and the criminals . Ther are two kindos of it , The original and the suborbinate , Both of them are puniched . in sharia there is no criminal association in some crims like defamation , Drinking wine and sexula relation in other crimes like killing , Sharia puinshes all those who associate in commiting acrime . In Sharia criminal association is called al tamalwa

Emam Rajab Bin Haiwa lived during the blessing days of the prophet followers, coevaled with a number of his companions and got much of their education. A number of the nation great scholars , such as Makhool and Al-Zehri, had been educated by this Emam. They grasped from his jurisprudence and succeeded one another to his fountain of knowledge.
The present paper has proved the Emam status for contemporaries and that the Emam was trustworthy. The Jurisprudential rules inferred from the prophet traditions he recited had actively contributed in the keen examination of the legal rules embodied in these traditions. These rules include that those who are being led (in prayer) do not read Quranic verses while the imam is reciting loudly, but when the imam is reciting silently, that the clarity of his unlawful, that the prayer of that who lost the two ablutions is sound and he/she does not need to repray, that fasting the supererogatory days is desirable , that the waiting period of the mother of a son when her husband dies is one menstruation period and that the husband is not allowed to take from his wife as a return for her divorce a monetary compensation more that the dowry he has given her.

1-The reconciliation in the lexicon, Holly Quran and prophetical suna. means peace, reconciliation, peaceableness, concord and disbanding of conflict by the interference of mediators. Accordingly and depending on what is included in the reconciliation bond, the peace territory is every territory controlled peacefully by Muslims with out fight or war.
2-It is called the territory of abscess, after the imposition of Muslims an identified or not identified amount of abscess and also called the territory of shade due to the perfect reconciliation and abscess which is considered the rights for all Muslims.
3-In terms of conditions of peace, there are binding conditions and other conditions imposed by Muslims to the people of the Euphrates island at a time of reconciliation bond.
4-The rules of reconciliation territories are determined by their types and how to mange them in accordance with the Holly Quran and prophetical suna. This is because the caliphates followed the prophets steps (P.b.u.h) and obeyed his rules.
5-Despite the short era of the caliphate Abu Bakir (Allah bless them), he held many reconciliation bonds with people of the Euphrates island. He also mange these territories according to the reconciliation conditions and invest and make use of them.
6-As for the era of Omer Bin Alkhatab (Allah bless him), it is characterized by the extension of the reconciliation territories, variety of their types and the variation of rules according to the variety of reconciliation conditions. Some of these territories were old and some of them were modern. In this era the imposed taxes ranged between the abscess and Ushir (one-tenth).
7-Both Caliphate Othman Bin Afan and Ali Bin Abi Talib (Allah bless them) followed the Caliphate Omer Bin Alkhatab (Allah bless them) and they did not change the decided procedures by him.
8-The reconciliation territories in the Euphrates island supported the monetary affairs of Muslims with yearly financial resources played an effective role in activating the movements of Islamic conquest band liberalization.

This research is entitled (Dar Al-Arqam bin Abi Al-Arqam: the first (Da\'wah) in the history of Islam. It deals with the important role played by Dar Al-Arqam bin Abi Al-Arqam during the age of prophet Mohammed (pace be upon him) as well as the age after. The Dar mentioned above has been the first educational center in which prophet Mohammed (peace upon him) had been teaching his pioneer companions the teachings of Islam. Therefore they had later shouldered the great responsibility of conveying the massage of the Al-mighty God and had received from the prophet his generous instructions during the secret stage of Da’wah. The research also refers to the importance of this Dar through the religious, historical and cultural role played by it and which contributed in the distribution and spread of Islam.

This research includes an introduction in which I clarified the importance of Al-Hadeeth (the prophet’s sayings) in the Islamic law since it is the second source in the Islamic legislation after the Holly Quran. Then I wrote about the concern of those who were specialized in the Arabic language in the honourable Hadeeth in the aspects of narrating, recounting and memorizing it since many of the scholars studied both sciences of Al-Hadeeth and sciences of the language. The researcher gave examples about the most famous scholars in this respect. After that I wrote about the reasoning depending on the honourable Hadeeth by the scholars of language who were either supporters or objectors and each group had its ideas and justifications concerning the reasons behind the support or the objection since some of the old scholars of language had cited it though they were few, whereas, the late scholars believed that its citation is obligatory even when the narration is in the meaning. Then the research dealt with life of the Imam Malik briefly besides his creed; the importance of his book which is under investigation and the reasons behind giving it this title.
This study presented the interrogation particles which were found in this book and which I wrote about them. The honourable Hadeeths in Al-Muwata’ Book were cited because they were the core of the study. Then the honourable ayahs from the Holly Quran which supported the citations from the Hadeeth were quoted starting with the glottal stop as well as its origins and importance. It was the main subject and the prevailing one which its omission from the sentence is possible when there is an evidence, i.e., the existence of (ام) /am/ (or) in the sentence. After that the researcher wrote about (هل) /(hal) / and how to make interrogation by using it. Certain hadeeths from Al-Muwata’ were quoted in which (هل) / hal/ was found. The glottal stop and (هل) / hal/ are two particles. The other interrogation particles were presented and discussed linguistically and syntactically. They are (ما) /maa/; (من) /man/ (who) ;(كيف) /keifa/ (how) ,(كم) /kam/ and(ماذا) /maathaa/ (what) . They are nouns. The manners in which they come in the sentence and the meaning of each one were discussed. Then the researcher studied the other particles which are called the adverbs or metonymies which are(اين) /ayna/ (where) ;(انى) /annaa/) at which time or place) and(متى) /mataa/ (when) . Their meanings and denotations in the interrogation were also discussed. The study ended with a conclusion in which the most important results were mentioned. The sources and references consulted in the present study were also stated.

The Settlement of The Paradoxes of The Story of Musaand AL Abid AL-Salih
The aim of the paper is to settle the paradoxical cases of the story and to show the specific interpretation of the text. The Paper concludes that Musa,s companion, AL-Khider, was a prophet, and what happened with him is a special case. There fore, there was no problem if Musa did not fulfill his promise of being patient, and this did not affect his prophecy. ALL other paradoxes seethed in the same way.

Civilization dialogue represents one of the contemporary and living issues. It is know as the hour dialogue as a result of the interactions of the international relations and the increase of the effects of the differences among nations.
The choice to write about this topic stems from the faith in the necessity to expose the Quranic perspective to a critical issue that represents an identifying mark in the relationships among nations. Consequently, a group of it remarkable details has been selected to be subjected to the Quranic rules of concepts to facilitate their understanding in accordance with the facts and axioms of the Holly Quran.
The present study aims at treating the problem of exposing the definition of the Islamic civilization and the relationship between this definition and the concept of nations dialogue to link that with definite standards of this dialogue that set its limits and general frameworks in an attempt to show the effect of the Holly Quran on the various issues of the nations dialogue. The objective is to arrive at expected results for the future of this dialogue from the perspective of the Holly Quran on the basis of a number of givings and to the other’s cultural perspective.
The scarcity of studies in this field and the interest to benefit from his specialization have pushed the researcher to arrive at definite results for the problem that the nations dialogue concept locks Quranic insights that show the Muslim’s position viz-a-viz this issue as represented by Almighty God’s Book “Quran” in details.
The study has tried to answer a hypothetical question concerning the reality and benefit of nations dialogue. Are the standards of such a dialogue actually capable of ensuring the purity of the results of this dialogue? It is hypothesized that there is the problem previously mentioned in terms of the existence of the Quranic standards for such a dialogue in addition to the Quranic effect to direct the nations dialogue on the basis of the means and objectives for an active dialogue among human beings to establish a state of peace and secure coliving after the human populations set their policies and cultures in fair of balanced contexts and never attempt to destroy or attack other or raise up at his expense.
The researcher has adopted the variable and documentary approach for Quranic interpretations and historical reading and supporting references to reveal facts and documented scientific results. The human famous civilization; old and contemporary, have represented the limitations of this study to prove a particular basis for nations dialogue that remains constant in place and time.
The study is divided into an introduction and three sections. The first section is entitled “Civilization” and Dialogue between Standards and Definition”, the second is entitled “Civilizations Dialogue and its Effect when Guide by Quran” and the third “Civilizations Dialogue and its Future on the Basis of Universal Rules in the Holly Quran. These are followed by the conclusion and list of references.

The verb \"Cover\" in the Holy Quran :
Study in the stylistic change and it\'s significances
The Quranic address is intentional in that Almighty God come up with to achieve many goals constituted the pivot of people\'s life . It was a plain statement that addressed the mind and self together to reach into an absolute satisfaction in its existence and to believe in it . therefore , it comes up with important styles and topics based on such goals among which the verb \"cover\" and its significant formula and changed structures which participated in verifying two important values:
1.Intellectual value being based on protest to have many structures with the aim of comprehending , reminding and awakening .
2.Rhetorical value being based on many styles that provide us with many meanings that aim to move the minds to reach the big or main idea , in addition to the depiction and gestures values .
The study of verb structures and its changes is based on five pivots according to the context and what it gives as an additional significance :
1.Being an important picture within depiction and gesture structures portraying many psychological stales .
2.It comes to signify the meaning of \"refusal\" through picturing the behaviour of the disbeliever , resistant , arrogant and the blind who cant see the verses of God .
3.It includes the meaning of \"union\" to depict the scared relation among people which is the \"marital relationship\" .
In addition , we have the \"time\" significance through depicting the process of day and night alternation to show God\'s greatness since the process is quite clear to people who are really impressed .
Finally , the significance of destruction , torture and intimidation and the verb \"cover\" comes to be the torture itself ; it is the reason and result at the same time .

Shehrazur is an Iraqi Kurshish Toon occupies plain Land that takes its name or name of the plain. Famons jures prudents and renewers are belonging to it as well as judges , pots and leaders. Promptly g dealt with biographies of some, hinting to others as much as suits the research\'s volume. Their efforts are of an interest and tracing they occupied big posts in The Islamic state. The supreme works and efforts of scientists, historians and writers of biographies are worth praise and admiration.